His & Div Test 1

Front 1

bacillus, coccus, spirillum

shapes

Back 1

rods, spheres, and spirals

Front 2

why are chanoflaggelates what early animals look liked?

Back 2

they posses a collar similar to sponges, lack chloroplasts, free living and posses variable #s of flagella, heterotrophic, use phagocytosis and pionocytosis

Front 3

sperm producing gametangium

egg producing gametangium

Back 3

antheridium

archegonium

Front 4

paraphyletic

polyphyletic

Back 4

some but not all descendants

multiple unrelated ancestors

Front 5

cyanobacteria ex.'s

Back 5

anabaena, nostic, oscillatoria

Front 6

actinomycetes

Back 6

branching filaments and produce spores, used in antibiotics, soil bacteria

Front 7

chemoautotrophs

Back 7

energy from inorganic chemicals, nitrogen cycle

Front 8

enterobacteria

Back 8

E.Coli, bubaonic plague, live in intestines

Front 9

pseudomonads

Back 9

rodlike with flagella, soil bacteria and plant pathegans, whooping cough

Front 10

heterocysts

akinetes

Back 10

nitrogen fixing cells

thick walled dormant spores

Front 11

3 innovations of euks

Back 11

1) sexual reproduction
2) nuclei and membrane bound organelles
3) linear DNA

Front 12

radiolarians

Back 12

axopodia

Front 13

formaniferans

Back 13

S.K. Sarcodina
calcerous test
amoeba, chaos, difflugia

Front 14

Sarcodina

Back 14

lack permanent locomoter organelles
use pseudopodia

Front 15

3 types of pseudopodia

Back 15

lobopodia, filopodia, reticulopodia

Front 16

Phytomastigophora

Back 16

have chloplasts, autotrophic flagellates, asexual reproduction, homokaryotic
e.g. Euglena

Front 17

Zoomastigophora

Back 17

flagellate protists, lack chloroplasts, heterotrophic

e.g. trypanosoma(african sleeping sickness), trichonympha(termites)

Front 18

Ciliophora

Back 18

posses cilia used for locomotion and generates feed currents, rigid pellicle, distinct cytosome, and are dikaryotic, sexual or asexual

Front 19

ciliophora examples

Back 19

stentor, vorticella, paramecuium, Didinium

Front 20

Apicomplexa

Back 20

posses apical complex, sporelike cells produced asexually, and zygotes sexually, gregarines(parasites of inverts) and coccidians (animal parasites)

Front 21

Rhodophyta

Back 21

red algae, chlorophylls a&d, only organism. capture blue wavelengths, reduce competition,

Front 22

S.K. Stramenophila

Back 22

2 flagella, whiplash is smaller, tinsel is longer,
Phaeophyta and Bacillariophyta

Front 23

Phaeophyta

Back 23

Brown algae, ectocarpus, isomporphic alternation of generations, isogamous
diploid sporophytes, but heteromorphic in laminaria

Front 24

unilocular sporangium

Back 24

meiosis only

Front 25

laminaria

Back 25

holdfast, attaches to rocks,
stipe= stem
blades= diploid sporophytes produce sporangia, meiosis occurs and produces haploid meiospores, heteromporphic alternation of generations

Front 26

bacillariophyta

Back 26

epiphytic or planktonic diatoms, frustules=cell walls, pennate(freshwater) vs. centric(marine)

Front 27

epitheca and hypotheca

Back 27

diatom splits and epitheca's grow new hypotheca and the hypotheca becomes the epitheca nd grows a new hypotheca, getting smaller and smaller, ultimately sheds both valves and protoplast grows and develops new epitheca and hypotheca

Front 28

ectocarpus

Back 28

isomporhic alternation of generations

Front 29

laminaria

Back 29

heteromorphic alternation of generations

Front 30

gregarines

Back 30

invertebrate parasites

termites, trichanympha, Apicomplexa

Front 31

coccidians

Back 31

vertebrate parastites

malaria trypanosoma, Plasmodium

Front 32

Charophyta

Back 32

persistent mitotic spindles, nodal growth, stoneworts

Front 33

Chlorophyta

Back 33

green algae, pectin 2 whiplash flagella, chlorophyll b, starch, horseshoe shaped chloroplast

Front 34

Hepatophyta

Back 34

gametophyte is dominant stage(thallus), sporophyte dependant on gametophyte for nutrition, marchantia, liverworts

Front 35

spirochetes

Back 35

endoflagella, syphilis

Front 36

euryarcheota

Back 36

extreme halophiles

Front 37

trichocyst

Back 37

defense mechanism in a paramecium, spikes

Front 38

cytostome

Back 38

mouth parts of paramecium

Front 39

pellicle

Back 39

provides rigidity to ciliates

Front 40

reef builders and floridean starch

Back 40

rhodophyta

Front 41

persistent mitotic spindles

Back 41

charophyta

Front 42

gametophyte is dominant stage of life

Back 42

hepatophyta

Front 43

horse-shoe shaped chloroplast

Back 43

Chlorophyta