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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
risk factors for DDH
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female; first-born; breech position; family history of hip dysplasia or ligamentous laxity
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What is Galeazzi sign?
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asymmetry in height of affected knee
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What does a hip click represent?
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high-pitched snapping sound represents iliotibial band passing over greater trochanter
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What is the optimal time to get a hip ultrasound for DDH?
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4-6 weeks
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when can plain films be used for diagnosis of DDH?
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4-6 months
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treatment of DDH until 6 months of age
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Pavlik harness holding hips in 45 degrees of abduction, 100 degrees of flexion and 20 degrees external rotation
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treatment of DDH at 6-12 months; after 12 months
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body cast; surgery
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typical SCFE patient
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pre- or early adolescent, african-americans, 2/3 are obese
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How does SCFE present?
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usually insidious pain or limp; frequently pain in knee or thigh; may be acute
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physical findings in SCFE
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limp, external rotation of foot on affected side, external rotation accompanies hip flexion, limited or painful internal rotation
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diagnosis of SCFE made?
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films: AP and frog lateral of both sides
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treatment of SCFE
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one or two metal screws across growth plate to prevent further slip
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What is Legg-Calve-Perthes?
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idiopathic avascular necrosis of the femoral head
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typical Legg-Calve-Perthes patient?
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4-8 year old boy who is small for his age and very active
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physical exam findings for Legg-Calve-Perthes?
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limited abduction and internal rotation of hip
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How do you diagnose LCP?
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x-rays show sclerosis, flattening and fragmentation of femoral head
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course of disease of LCP
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femoral head fragments, subsides and slowly reforms over about 2 years
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If LCP appears to be bilateral, then what?
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LCP never bilateral so look for hemoglobinoathy or skeletal dysplasia
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What is Coxa Vara? Coxa Valga?
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angle of femoral neck with femoral shaft less than normal (varus); greater than normal (valgus)
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presentation of patient with congenital coxa vara?
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between 2-6 years noted to have limp or a waddling gait; leg length discrepancy; hip ROM restricted
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