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20 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
risk factors for DDH
female; first-born; breech position; family history of hip dysplasia or ligamentous laxity
What is Galeazzi sign?
asymmetry in height of affected knee
What does a hip click represent?
high-pitched snapping sound represents iliotibial band passing over greater trochanter
What is the optimal time to get a hip ultrasound for DDH?
4-6 weeks
when can plain films be used for diagnosis of DDH?
4-6 months
treatment of DDH until 6 months of age
Pavlik harness holding hips in 45 degrees of abduction, 100 degrees of flexion and 20 degrees external rotation
treatment of DDH at 6-12 months; after 12 months
body cast; surgery
typical SCFE patient
pre- or early adolescent, african-americans, 2/3 are obese
How does SCFE present?
usually insidious pain or limp; frequently pain in knee or thigh; may be acute
physical findings in SCFE
limp, external rotation of foot on affected side, external rotation accompanies hip flexion, limited or painful internal rotation
diagnosis of SCFE made?
films: AP and frog lateral of both sides
treatment of SCFE
one or two metal screws across growth plate to prevent further slip
What is Legg-Calve-Perthes?
idiopathic avascular necrosis of the femoral head
typical Legg-Calve-Perthes patient?
4-8 year old boy who is small for his age and very active
physical exam findings for Legg-Calve-Perthes?
limited abduction and internal rotation of hip
How do you diagnose LCP?
x-rays show sclerosis, flattening and fragmentation of femoral head
course of disease of LCP
femoral head fragments, subsides and slowly reforms over about 2 years
If LCP appears to be bilateral, then what?
LCP never bilateral so look for hemoglobinoathy or skeletal dysplasia
What is Coxa Vara? Coxa Valga?
angle of femoral neck with femoral shaft less than normal (varus); greater than normal (valgus)
presentation of patient with congenital coxa vara?
between 2-6 years noted to have limp or a waddling gait; leg length discrepancy; hip ROM restricted