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78 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Maya
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Cosmic illusion brought about by divine power (non-dualism term)
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Lila
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The play of the Divine in its Cosmic Dance; God's play
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Shankhya
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A system of Hindu philosophy and one approach within jnana marga, "the path of knowlege," asserting that rality comprises 2 distinct categories: matter adn eternal self
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Vedanta
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a system of Hindu philosophy and one approach within jnana marga, "the path of knowledge" holding that all reality is essentially Brahman; most notable advocate is the medieval Hindu philosopher Shankara
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Jiva
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The soul
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Mandir
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A Hindu Temple
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Brahmin
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A person of the teacher's or philosopher's caste
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Brahman
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The universal absolute God within all things
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Brahma
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The creator god
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Vishnu
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Preserver god
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Shiva
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The destroyer god
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Ganesha
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One of the Hindu forms of God; he is Shiva's son
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Samsura
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The cycle of reincarnation
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Kama
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Physical pleasure
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Sannyasin
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The fourth stage of life, this describes when an individual has attained liberation and returned to the world, but is not attached to the things of the world
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Artha
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Worldly success
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Samadhi
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The state in which the human mind is completely absorbed in God
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Yoga
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The yogas are methods of disciplined training designed to unite the human spirit with the God who lied concealed in its deepest recesses
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Ahimsa
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The Hindu conceept of complete nonviolence
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Mahatma
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A title for Ghandi, it means "Great Soul"
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Atman
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The Hindu concept oof the individual self or soul, it reincarnates
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Dharma
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Responsible duty
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Karma (2 understandings: simple meaning; doctrine)
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Using the path to God through Work? The Hindu principle of cause and effect. It teaches that each action reacts upon the doer, and our present state is entirely a consequence of past actions
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Mahabharata
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Epic Poem
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Puja
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A Hindu form of worship, often practiced twice daily (morning and evening). Puja involves burning incense and offering fruit and flowers to a Hindu deity represented by a statue or picture. Puja may be performed either in a temple, or before the shrine many Hindus have in their homes. It is to respect the deity, perhaps request aid, and honor the attributes of God represented in teh image.
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Satyagrapha
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Ghandi's philosophy of resistance without violence
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Rama
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The seventh physical incarnation of the Hindu god-form Vishnu gods and translated them into the Vedas"
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Neti...neti
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not this... not that
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Asanas
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Yogic positions to master the body
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Rishis
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The inspired sages who tradition says "heard the hymns of the gods and translated them into the Vedas"
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Shudras
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Caste of followers, servants, and unskilled workers
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Jnana marga
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Consideration of various metaphors is part of the approach to this yoga
Uses prolonged, intense thinking and reflections to come to sense of self at a deeper level Suggests visualizing oneself from a distance and thinking of oneself in the third person |
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Saguna Brahman
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God with attributes
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Bhagavad Gita
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"Song of God"- part of an epic poem (Mahabharata) by mahabharat, it is the most popular sacred scriptures for Hindus. Gandhi said it gave "knowledge of Truth"
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Moksha
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Liberation, the final goal of Hinduism
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Kshatriyas
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The Cast of warriors and administrators
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Karma marga
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the path to God through work
psychological not economic Point of life- to render the self transparent to the divine within to transcend the smallness of the finite self Reflective (transpersonal) or affective (personal) |
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Vaishyas
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Caste of producers adn skilled craftsmen
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Hatha marga
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Seeks precision and control over the body and its functions
A disciplined training that has largely lost its original connection to spiritual yoga and which actually may impede spiritual growth |
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Vedanta
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A system of Hindu philosophy adn one approach within jnana marga, "the path of knowlege". holding that all reality is essentially Brahman; most notable advocate is the medieval Hindu Shankara (non-dualism)
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Nirguna Brahman
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God without attributes
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Bhakti Marga
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A discipline that directs the love that lies at the base of every heart toward God
Seeks a God that is other or distinct from oneself The Hindu path to God that is the most popular of the yogas |
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Sati
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The unfortunate practice of burning a widow with her dead husband, it was once common but has been forbidden since 1829
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Aryans
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the lighter skinned race that conquered India
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Raja Marga
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Raja yoga seeks to master one's body, breathing and senses
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Krishna
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The eighth physical incarnation of the Hindu god-form Vishnu
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Upanishads
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Part of the Vedas
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Ishta
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A person's adopted representation of the divine, this is one of God's incarnations in a physical incarnation
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Sanskrit
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The language of Hinduism originating in 1500 B.C.E., it is the language of the sacred scriptures. The words being defined in this list are Sanskrit
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Shiva
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Destroyer god
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Lotus Flower
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A revered flower in India that the lotus position is based on
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Lotus position
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A sitting position where legs are crossed to allow the heel of each foor to placed atop the oppostie thigh, it is intended to help the useer gain control over the body, though apparently not the senses
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Kama
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Pleasure
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Avatar
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A reincarnation of God
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Moksha
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liberation
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Caste System
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- Brahmins
o Caste of priests and seers Modern-day philosophers, artists, religious leaders, and teachers o Things of the mind and spirit are their materials o They are supreme in honor and psychological (mental) power - Kshatriyas o Caste of administrators Modern-day warriors, military personnel, politicians, and managers o Supreme in salary and social power - Vaishyas o Caste of producers Modern-day farmers, merchants, artisans, ect. o They are skilled in creating the material things upon which life depends - Shudras o Caste of unskilled laborers o Short attention spans o Some sources indicate that the Shudras became stigmatized and excluded as the Untouchables or outcastes - Untouchables o Outcastes o May have been a corruption of the Shudra caste o Gandhi called them “Harjan”, or “God’s People” o A corruption of the caste system o Illegal today Positive points of the caste system: a. Each caste was self-governing b. When in trouble, a person was tried by their peers c. Within each caste, there were equalities, opportunities, and social insurance d. Within each caste, individual rights were safer than they were in the world as a whole Perversions/deteriorations of the caste system: I. Outcastes/untouchables II. Men could no longer change caste, as the system became hereditary (women became the caste of their spouses) III. Privileges were given to the higher castes at the expense of the lower IV. Interdining forbidden, and intermarriage was more and more restricted (maybe forbidden – notes unclear on this concept) Possible Origins of the Caste System: - uncertain location - Origin has something to do with the differences between the original residents of India, and the Aryans o Aryans invaded and brought their seers, their military leaders, and their producers - Approximately 2000 BCE o Aryans possessed differeny physiognomy (Tall, fair-skinned, pale eyed, light hair) They had different immune systems than the original residents – did some ritualized aspects of the caste system develop to accommodate this? Hereditary nature of professions might have started from trade secrets |
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Projection
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Taking the blame from yourself and placing it on others
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Ennui
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A feeling of weariness or dissatisfaction
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hedonism
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Pleasure is the only thing that matters
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Cow
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Sacred animal of the Hindus
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Monism
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Everything contains Brahman
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Ramanuja
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A Hindu Philosopher
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Shankara
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hindu philosopher
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Pantheism
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the belief that God is in all things
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Ganges River/Water
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River in India whose water is sacred
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Path of Desire
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Pleasure and Worldly success
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Doctrine of the human self
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Body, conscious mind, individual subconscious, being itself
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Stages of life
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Student, householder, retirement, sannyasin
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Basic spiritual personality types
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Emotional, reflective, active, and experimentally inclined
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Path of Renunciation
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a. Those who have followed the path of desire are now disillusioned and despairing
i. Not worthwhile to extend oneself to achieve any longer b. One suspects that there is more to life than the current experience (It may take more than one incarnation to find this “more to life”, though) c. These people seek service and the responsible discharge of duty – Dharma d. People may ask “Is this all?” even of dharma, leading to the third path |
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Path to God through Work
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Karma yoga
- The path to God through work - Active spiritual personality type, with either an bhakti or jnana base - The disciple is called a karma yogi - Based on the thought that we need to work for mental well-being, not just physical and economic - This can use either bhakti yoga’s image of God, or jnana yoga’s image of God - Each self-centered action separates the person from God, while each selfless act brings the person closer to him. Every action reacts on the doer. - Laziness is a form of selfishness - Features: o One must perform each thing single-mindedly, and then move to the next and perform it in the same manner (throwing self into work, but wisely) o To the karma yogi, success and failure should be entirely irrelevant o Unselfishness essential, as is a calm acceptance of pain, loss, and shame - Two approaches: o Identifying oneself with the transpersonal absolute that resides at the core of one’s being (oneness with God) Approaching work intellectually Based in jnana yoga OR o Shifting one’s interest and affection to a personal God, who is experienced as distinct from oneself (otherness of God) Approaching work in a spirit of love and devoted service Based in bhakti yoga |
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Path to God through Psychophysical Exercises
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raja yoga
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Saguna Brahman
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God with attributes
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Nirguna Brahman
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God without attributes
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Path to God through Love/Devotion
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Bhakti yoga
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Stations of life
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Brahmins, kshatriyas, Vaishyas, Shudras
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8 steps in raja yoga
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see study guide
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Path to God through Knowlege
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Jnana yoga
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