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106 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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dharma |
duty.teaching.law |
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Sanatana Dharma |
the eternal teaching law.ultimate truth |
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OM |
continuous sound of the world |
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Brahman |
Absolute reality. all gods are not Brahman but are not other than Brahman |
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brahma |
emerged from Brahman. painted with many faces. a creator god. source of knowledge |
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Prajapati |
Lord of Progeny. Brahma |
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Brahmin |
priests; according to the Varnas: castes they came from the mouth of Purusha |
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Brahmana |
priestly documents |
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Vishnu |
the preserver;prevader maintains ultimate order; ruling over all levels of existence painted with holding a cakra(disc of world power), Mace, Lotus, Conch (shell), and is standing on Sesa(chaos of the world), the world snake, wears a crown of cobras the world is his dream |
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Avatars of Vishnu |
gods in human form that come to earth when dharma collapeses. rama, vishnu,krishna,kalki |
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rama |
7th avatar of vishnu. symbol of perfection. hero in the Ramayana. he is a king of righteousness who ruled over Ramarajya. painter with a bow and arrow |
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sita |
rama's wife. in Ramayana she is rescued by Hanuman and helps rama conquer Sri Lanka |
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krishna |
8th avatar of vishnu. painted with a flute.has many forms: infant, butter thief child, guru. rescues villagers from evil serpents. Aspects: youthful, with the Gopis (milkmaids), with Arjuna in the Bhagavad-Gita |
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Kalki |
is the last avatar to come the world will end when he comes |
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siva |
the destroyer; hara;the remover;god of death;fertility. has a third eye of perception. painted wearing a tiger's skin-victory over all forces, has a snake that moves on him, holds a trident, wears a cresent moon. vahana-Nadi the bull |
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Nataraja |
lord of the dance; sive |
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Lingam and Yoni |
sign of sexuality. penis and vagina |
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vahana |
vehicle |
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Nandi |
siva's vahana |
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deva |
goddess; shakti's generic name |
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shakti |
feminine power. energy of the gods. divine female in Hindu. her manifestations include durga, kali, etc |
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durga |
shakti of siva, contains shakti of all the gods. is given weapons from the gods of war to defeat demons and save the world. invincible one. fierce deadly beauty. goddess of victory. vahana is a lion. has ten arms |
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kali |
"dark". the black one. fierce aspect of durga. treads over Siva. has a long red tongue. destroyer of illusion. wears a garland of skulls that she has vanquished |
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sarasvati |
goddess of wisdom, fertility, music,and speech. painted with a sitar. earth/river goddess. bestows wealth. she makes the world beautiful. shakti of brahma |
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parvati |
siva's wife |
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lakshmi |
depicted as a teen. goddess of fortune. she makes the other gods jealous because fortune is fickle. consort of vishnu but devotee of siva |
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Ganesha (familiar name) Ganesh (formal name) |
child of siva.depicted as a fat, jolly, teen. has an elephant face. god of wisdom, science, arts, and creative activities. remover of obstacles due to his elephant strench. popular among students, writers, and business people. lord of minor deities. vahana is a rat |
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hanuman |
lord rama's greatest devotee. god of power and strength. rescues sita from captivity. has a monkey face. is tricky, intelligent, and loyal |
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purusha |
aspect of brahman. consciousness. intelligent essence. the Great Person. the sectors of the varnas are made from him. priests from his head, rulers and warriors from his arms, merchants from his thighs, and servants and laborers from his feet |
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prakriti |
primal matter |
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samkya dualism |
creation theory that states that reality comprises prakriti and purusha. purusha impinges upon gunas (without qualities) creating prakriti. if purusha forgets its nature and clings to prakriti, it is bound to samsara. samkhya knowledge is needed to gain moksha (liberation) |
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gunas |
"without qualities" Sattva-light Rajas-movement Tamas-inertia
cosmos are pure matter in which all 3 gunas are perfectly equilibrated in a state of suspended production |
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sattva |
light |
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rajas |
movement |
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tamas |
inertia |
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Advaita Vedanta |
"non-dual""knowledge" called path of knowledge.Sankara created it. one's soul (atman) is none other than Brahman. to move from conventional knowledge to the ultimate view of reality by way of jnana (knowledge). Brahman is the only reality. a/dva= not two-one. |
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avidya |
ignorance |
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avidya ignorance |
apophatic. maya is illusion that we believe is real |
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samsara |
part of the Maya. cycle of rebirth not good |
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maya |
Brahman=macrocosmic soul-conform to the truth atman=micrososmic soul-of the Jiva maya=illusion-experienced as ignorance samsara= cycle of rebirth moksha=liberation from samsara |
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Law of Karma |
determines each soul's unique destiny |
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prarabdha |
past karmas ready to be experienced during this life |
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sancita |
sum of one's past karmas from other lives follow trough to the next life |
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agamin, sanciyama |
karma that will come in future lives |
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ashramas |
chapters in one's life. |
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Bramacarya |
student. of higher caste is longer |
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grihasta |
householder. when you get married |
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vanaprastha |
forest dweller. when you become a grandparent to a son from a son. you are preparing your soul for the next life |
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samnyasa |
renunciate. by this point family, objects dont matter. gnosis wisdom-sapiential wisdom |
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mahayuga |
"great cycle" Kritayuga tretayuga dvaparayuga kaliyuga |
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kritayuga |
perfect balance of dharma n the world |
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tretayuga |
when people start to forget their dharma |
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dvaparayuga |
the decline of dharma |
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kaliyuga |
present day. everyone forgets their dharma |
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rishi |
"seer" who "heard the text" |
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smriti texts |
contains 3 types: itihasas puranas dharmasastras
ramayana and mahabharata are apart of it |
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smriti |
"remembered" |
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itihasas |
epics |
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puranas |
ancient tales |
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dharmasastras |
codes of law and ethics |
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Shruti texts |
hymns through mantras fire sacrifices priests and householders perform them |
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shruti |
heard texts |
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mantras |
power sound calls to Brahman 1 or 2 syllaboles |
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agni |
fire deva |
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the vedas |
rgveda samaveda yajurveda atharvaveda each contains: samhita, brahmana, aranyaka, and upanisad |
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veda |
knowledge; |
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rgveda |
1st veda, talks about creation
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samaveda |
2nd veda, rearrangement of rgveda. songs are used to tell the text |
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yajurveda |
3rd veda, uses low chanting with gestures. talks about sacrifices |
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atharaveda |
last veda, devoted to medicine, magic spells and material from indian folk tradition |
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samhita |
hymns |
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aranyaka |
forest treatises, advanced text |
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upanisad |
sittings, when priests sit at the foot of their master to pray |
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upanishads |
hidden teachings tell of what has been heard directly by the sages |
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ramayana |
a significant epic about rama's adventures |
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mahabharata |
an epic that contains bhagavad-gita |
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valmiki |
wrote the first ramayana |
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vayasa |
wrote the mahabharata |
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vaishnavites |
followers of vishnu |
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saivites |
followers of siva |
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margas |
karma bhakti jnani raja
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marga: karma(action) |
emphasizes rules and ethics (serve others; the use of rituals)
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Marga:bhakti (devotion) |
way of Love; emphasized devotion of a deity kataphatic |
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Marga:Jnani (knowledge) |
way of knowledge (gnosis) emphasizes contemplation and study apophatic |
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Marga:Raja (royal) |
way of experimentation try to find the strong points |
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yoga |
physical and mental discipline "yokes one to a god (reality) detachment through dharana dhyana-zen leads to samadhi atman and brahman are the same thing |
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dharana |
concentration |
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dhyana |
meditation |
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samadhi |
union |
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chakras |
energy center going up the spine crown third eye throat heart solar plexus sacras root |
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tantra |
male and female relationship is sacred root word means "stretch" or "expand" kundalini yoga causes the power to rise through 6 "chukras" (wheels) shakti power mounts to skull and unites with Purusha |
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kundalini |
shakti power coiled like a serpent at the base of the spine to be awaken in meditation |
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bhakta |
person who practices bhakti tradition is popular in south india they sing to gods |
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sant |
"saint" the tradition grows popular in north india transmit holy wisdom, emphasizing "nirguna" (without qualities) |
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brahmo samaj |
congregation hindu Ram Mohan Roy sees compatibility of Jesus's teachings with dharma 1828 emphasizes monotheism and rationality |
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The Percepts of Jesus: Guide to Peace and Happiness |
Brahmo samaj Ram's description (hindu description) of Jesus' dharma |
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Arya samaj |
opposite of Brahmo Samaj society of Aryas, founded in 1875 Dayananda Sarasvati seeks to return to ancient roots of hindu and re-establish golden age of the Rgveda-heard text |
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Ramakrishna movement |
gadadhar Chatterjee vaishnavite bhakta mystical reformer has vision of "divine Mother as an Ocean" claims all religions are true jesus is of vishnu |
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Mohandas K Gandhi |
known as the "Mahatma" led indian revolution to independence through non-violence philosophy based on hindu teaching of Ahimsa (non-suffering) coined the term satyagraha (truth Force) |
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apophatic |
without images |
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kataphatic |
with images god is love
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varna |
"color" Brahmana Ksatriya Vaisya Sudra |
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Brahmana varna |
top varna priestly people |
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Ksatriya |
second varna rulers warriors |
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vaisya |
third varna businessmen, farmers, merchants |
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sudra |
bottom of the varna servants and laborers |
