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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Independent assortment
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When chromosomes are lined up at the equator during first meiotic division, the final position of any one pair is random to any other pair.
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Crossing over
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Occurs randomly when homologous chromosomes break at the chasmata and swap pieces.
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Recombinant
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recombination of genes which are not seen in previous generations.
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Linked genes
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are genes located on the same chromosome
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%recombination=
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total no of recombinants/total number of offspring x 100
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non disjunction
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when spindles fail to seperate a homologous pair of chromosomes
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Chromosome mutation
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Translocation, inversion, deletion, duplication
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Gene mutation
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Subsitution, inversion, insertion, deletion
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Adaptive radiation
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process by which many species evolve from a common ancestor
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selective breeding
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is process by which artificially selected individuals are bred together to produce offspring with desirable features
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endonuclease
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used to cut out desired gene
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ligase
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used to seal gene into plasmid
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protoplast
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plant cell with no cell wall
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cellulase
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used to break down cell wall
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somatic fusion
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used to over come sexual incompatability
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