Hesi Medsurg

Front 1

What is the relationship between Potassium and Magnesium?

Back 1

A low magnesiu level usually accompanies a low potassium level

Front 2

BUN reflects?

Back 2

The metabolic function of the liver and the excretory function of the kidneys

Hint 2

B/c urea is formed in the liver as the end product of protein metabolism

Front 3

What is the ratio of creatinine and the BUN

Back 3

1:20

Front 4

Hyponatremia: Signs and Treatment

Back 4

Lethargy, Confustion, Muscle cramps, twitching

Hint 4

Restricting fluids safer than IV saline solutions but if prescribed administer them very slowly

Front 5

Hypernatremia

Back 5

Thirst, Hyperpyrexia, Irritability

Hint 5

Restrict sodium in diet and increase water intake

Front 6

Hypokalemia:Causes; Treatment; Symptoms

Back 6

Causes=Hyperaldosteronism and Cushing's
Signs= flat t wave, decreased GI motility, muscle weakness

Hint 6

Treatment: Administer potassium
Eat foods with potassium= bananas, oranges, cantaloupes, avocado, spinach, potatoes

Front 7

Hyperaldosteronism

Back 7

defined by the body's overproduction of aldosterone, a hormone that controls sodium and potassium levels in the blood. Its overproduction leads to retention of salt and loss of potassium, which leads to hypertension (high blood pressure).

Hint 7

Aldosterone-secreted by the adrenal gland( adrenal cortex)

Front 8

Hyperkalemia: Causes, Treatment; Symptoms

Back 8

Addison Disease
Bradycardia, Flaccid pralysis, Tall T waves

Hint 8

Administer 50% gluocse with regular insulin; Calcium gluconate to protect the heart

Front 9

Hypocalcemia: Causes, Treatment; Symptoms

Back 9

Hypoparathyroidsim, Pancreatitis
Tetany, Positive Trousseau Sign, Tingling of extremities

Hint 9

Administer calcium supplements 30min before meals, Administer calcium slowly infiltration can cause tissue necrososis

Front 10

Hypercalcemia;Causes ,Treatments, Symptoms

Back 10

Polyruia, Polydypsea,

Hint 10

Administer calcitonin= reduced Ca level

Front 11

Glaucoma is usually.......

Back 11

Painless and symtpom free. It is usually picked up as part of a regular eye examination

Front 12

What is the purpose of eye drops in a glaucoma client?

Back 12

Eye drops are used to cause pupil contriction because movements of the muscles to constrict causes aqueous humor to flow= decreased pressure in the eye

Front 13

Teaching for Pilocarpine

Back 13

Eye drop used in glaucoma patients, caution vision may be blurred for 1-2 hours after administration and that adaptation to dark environments are difficult

Front 14

Conductive Hearing Loss

Back 14

sound does not travel well to the sound organs of the inner ear

Hint 14

The volume is less but clear and if you speak up hearing is normal

Front 15

Phospharus Level

Back 15

2.5-4.5

Front 16

Hyperthyroidism aka

Back 16

Graves Disease, Goiter
-excessive activity of the thyroid gland

Hint 16

-Acceleration of Body processes
Weight Loss
Increased appetite
Tachy
Increased BP
Heat intolerance
Exophthlmos

Front 17

Thyroid Storm

Back 17

Uncontrolled hyperthyroidism occcurs with Graves Disease

Hint 17

Signs= Anxiety, Agitation and elevated BP
Care focused on maintaining airway

Front 18

What drugs may be given to treat Hypothyroidism?

Back 18

Propylthiouracil (PTU)
Methimazole (Tapazole)
Propaolol (Inderal)=decrease in excessive sympathetic stimulation

Hint 18

PTU- dosage is based on weight and is given over several months

Front 19

Postoperative care thyoidectomy

Back 19

Be prepared Laryngeal Edema
Tracheostomy set at the bedside with O2
Suction Machine
Calcium Gluconate

Hint 19

Signs of Laryngeal Edema= hoarseness or inability to speak clearly

Front 20

Parathyroids may be removed with a thyroidectomy- 1st indication problem with parathyroids

Back 20

decrease in calcium level prior to operation

Front 21

If two or more parathyoids have been removed what is the impact on nursing care

Back 21

The client is @ greater risk for tetany

Hint 21

Monitor fr tingling of toes
Chvostek sign ( twitching of lip after tap on cheek)
Trousseau sign ( carpopedal spasm after BP cuff inflated)

Front 22

Hypothyroidism aka

Back 22

Hashimoto disease

Hint 22

Fatigue, Dry Hair, Weight Gain, Cold intolerance, Dull Emotions

Front 23

What is a complication of Hypothyroidism

Back 23

Myxedema Coma

Hint 23

Signs= hypotension, hypothermia, hyponatremia, hypoglycemia, respiratory failure

Front 24

Primary Adrenocortical Deficiency aka......

Back 24

Addison Disease
characterized by a lack of cortisol, aldosterone, androgens

Hint 24

Signs of shock
Hyponatremia
Hyperkalemia
Hyperpigmentation

Front 25

Complications of Addison Disease?

Back 25

Addison Crisis
Caused by sudden withdrawal of sterioids or a stressful event

Hint 25

Vascular collapse
Hypoglycemia

Front 26

Treatment of Addison Crisis

Back 26

1. Rapid infusion of large amounts of IV fluids
2. IV glucose
3. IV hydrocortisone (Essential)
4.Aldosterone replacement

Front 27

Cushing Syndrome

Back 27

Excess adrenocorticoid activity usually caused by chonic administration of corticosteroids

Front 28

Signs of Cushing

Back 28

Truncal Obesity
Abdominal Striae
Buffalo Hump
Edema, poor wound healing, easy bruising
Hirsutism in females

Front 29

Client teaching for client taking steroids

Back 29

1. Take with meals to prevent gastric irritation
2. Never skip doses
3. If have N/V for more than 12-24 contact MD

Front 30

What are the peak action times of these types of insulin?

Back 30

Rapid- 2-4
Intermediate- 6-12
Long Acting- 14-20