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164 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who is considered the first pharmacologist in the world?
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Shen Nong
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What is considered the first authoritative documentation on TCM?
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Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing
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What is considered the bible of TCM , the first to organize the principles of TCM, and deals with theoretical and philosophical foundation?
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NeiJing
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What is the source of all prescription manuals, systematizing TCM and making it a more complete medical system?
Contained many popular formulas and folk remedies including seaweed to tx goiter and LV to tx blindness. |
Qian Jin Yao Fang
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Chia ku wen refers to:
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Words carved on animal shells/bones/turtle plastron
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Author of Shang Han Lun:
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Zhang Zhong Jing
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Author of Nei Jing:
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Huang Di
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Author or Divine Husbandman's Materia Medica:
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Shen Nong
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Author of Bin Hua Mai Xue (Pulse Classic):
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Li Shi Zhen
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Author of Wen Bin Lun (Warm Febrile Diseases):
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Ye Taio Shi
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Who was the Frenchman that wrote the Treatise of Auricular Therapy?
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Nogier
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What event drew the attention of acupuncture to the US?
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Pres Nixion's visit to China
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Name the 2 parts of the NeiJing:
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Su Wen and Ling Shu
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Name the 2 parts of Shang Han Luan:
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Shang Han Lan and Jing Gui Yao Lu
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What was the book called that was written about the NeiJing?
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NanJing
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What is the most common cause of chronic illness?
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emotions
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What is the strength of TCM?
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Preventative medicine
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Yang Disease pattern:
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Body's energy is greater that pathogen, elimination functions are reduced
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Yin Disease pattern:
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Pores without control
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What stage is this?
Nausea, digestive disorders, chills/fever alternating, rapid pulse, tongue is light red with a thin white coat. |
Shaoyang
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How would you treat this?
Nausea, digestive disorders, chills/fever alternating, rapid pulse, tongue is light red with a thin white coat. |
Harmonize exterior with interior
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What stage is this?
Abd problems, no bowel movements for 3 days. Stomach ache 2 wks ago, nausea and thirst last week. |
Yangming
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How would you treat this?
Abd problems, no bowel movements for 3 days. Stomach ache 2 wks ago, nausea and thirst last week. |
Purgation
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Hot flashes and insomnia for 3 weeks. Presents today with headache, stiff neck, chills and floating pulse.
How would you treat the patient today? |
Tx headache, stiff neck, chills and floating pulse
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What stage is this?
Presents today with headache, stiff neck, chills and floating pulse. |
Taiyang
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How would you treat this?
Presents today with headache, stiff neck, chills and floating pulse. |
Diaphoresis
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Jueyin is characterized by:
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several organ systems depleted, yin/yang imbalance, most serious of all stages
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The Wen Bing Lun is based on ___ as the causative factor where as the Shang Han Lun is based on ___ as the causative factor.
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heat, cold
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Characterizations of the Qi level:
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High fever, excess sweat, thirst, constipation, concentrated urine, red tongue with yellow coat, full-strong-rapid pulse,treat surface and interior
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What are the 4/5 properties?
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heat
cold warm cool neutral |
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What do Pungent/Acrid herbs do?
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Disperse and move
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What is aromatic?
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Penetrate turbidity, revive a particular function, is a temperature characteristic
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According to the NeiJing, where do pungent/acrid herbs travel?
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In the Qi
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Bitterness enters:
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the herat
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Li Ding Yuan and the Discription of Spleen and Stomach in 1249 did what?
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Herbs have direction
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8 Therapeutic methods established that:
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actions of herbs determined by taste and temperature
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Chinese herbs can be divided into 3 categories: superior, medium and inferior. Describe Medium:
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gen used to tx disease in a specific manner
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3 examples of how to reduce toxicity/strength/side effects of herbs:
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boil/heat for long periods
soak then boil for long periods combine with other herbs that -------help neutralize them |
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3 reasons to combine Chinese herbs:
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to enhance the action of the main herbs
to mitigate the toxic side effects of the principle herb to alter the actions of the substances themselves |
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Mutual Counteraction
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the toxicity of side effects of one substance is reduced or eliminated by another
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Mutual Incompatability
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Combination of 2 substances gives rise to side effects/toxicity which wouldn't be caused by either substance alone
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Mutual Antagonism
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the ability of 2 substances o minimize or neutralize each other's positive effects, rendering the combination useless
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9 Mutual antagonisms:
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Ba Dou -Qian Niu Zi
Liu Huang -Po Xiao Zhi Wu Tou -Xi Xiao Ren Shen -Wu Ling Zhi Rou Gui -Chi She Zi Ding Xiang -Yu Jin Shui Yin --Pi Shuang Lang Du -Mi Tuo Zhen Ya Xio -San Leng |
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Which is not a mutual antagonism:
Ding Xiang and Yu Jin Ren Shen and Wu Ling Zhi Gan cao and HaiZao Rou Gui and Chi She Zhi |
Gan cao and HaiZao
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Which is not one of the 18 Incompatibilities:
Wu Tou and Bei Mu Li Lu and RenShen DaJi and Gan Cao Badou and QianNuiZi |
Badou and QianNuiZi
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4 things about dietetics:
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diet is the foundation of a successful herb tx
herbs are potent forms of food & can effect the body more powerfully herbs catalyze and accelerate food actions |
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3 important aspects of storing herbs:
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cool place
air tight no light |
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Which herbs keep the longest if stored properly?
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minerals and roots
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3 Post processing techniques of herbs
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honey-more qi tonifying
salt-geard toward kidney char-stops bleeding |
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Herb prepared as Wan:
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Big pill
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8 Therapeutic methods established that:
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actions of herbs determined by taste and temperature
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Chinese herbs can be divided into 3 categories: superior, medium and inferior. Describe Medium:
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gen used to tx disease in a specific manner
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3 examples of how to reduce toxicity/strength/side effects of herbs:
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boil/heat for long periods
soak then boil for long periods combine with other herbs that help neutralize them |
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3 reasons to combine Chinese herbs:
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to enhance the action of the main herbs
to mitigate the toxic side effects of the principle herb to alter the actions of the substances themselves |
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Mutual Counteraction
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the toxicity of side effects of one substance is reduced or eliminated by another
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Mutual Incompatability
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Combination of 2 substances gives rise to side effects/toxicity which wouldn't be caused by either substance alone
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Mutual Antagonism
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the ability of 2 substances o minimize or neutralize each other's positive effects, rendering the combination useless
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9 Mutual antagonisms:
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Ba Dou -Qian Niu Zi
Liu Huang -Po Xiao Zhi Wu Tou -Xi Xiao Ren Shen -Wu Ling Zhi Rou Gui -Chi She Zi Ding Xiang Yu Jin Shui Yin Pi Shuang Lang Du Mi Tuo Zhen Ya Xio San Leng |
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Which is not a mutual antagonism:
Ding Xiang and Yu Jin Ren Shen and Wu Ling Zhi Gan cao and HaiZao Rou Gui and Chi She Zhi |
Gan cao and HaiZao
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Which is not one of the 18 Incompatibilities:
Wu Tou and Bei Mu Li Lu and RenShen DaJi and Gan Cao Badou and QianNuiZi |
Badou and QianNuiZi
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4 things about dietetics:
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diet is the foundation of a successful herb tx
herbs are potent forms of food & can effect the body more powerfully herbs catalyze and accelerate food actions |
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3 important aspects of storing herbs:
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cool place
air tight no light |
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Which herbs keep the longest if stored properly?
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minerals and roots
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3 Post processing techniques of herbs
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honey-more qi tonifying
salt-geard toward kidney char-stops bleeding |
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Herb prepared as Wan:
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Big pill
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8 Therapeutic methods established that:
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actions of herbs determined by taste and temperature
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Chinese herbs can be divided into 3 categories: superior, medium and inferior. Describe Medium:
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gen used to tx disease in a specific manner
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3 examples of how to reduce toxicity/strength/side effects of herbs:
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boil/heat for long periods
soak then boil for long periods combine with other herbs that help neutralize them |
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3 reasons to combine Chinese herbs:
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to enhance the action of the main herbs
to mitigate the toxic side effects of the principle herb to alter the actions of the substances themselves |
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Mutual Counteraction
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the toxicity of side effects of one substance is reduced or eliminated by another
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Mutual Incompatability
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Combination of 2 substances gives rise to side effects/toxicity which wouldn't be caused by either substance alone
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Mutual Antagonism
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the ability of 2 substances o minimize or neutralize each other's positive effects, rendering the combination useless
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9 Mutual antagonisms:
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Ba Dou Qian Niu Zi
Liu Huang Po Xiao Zhi Wu Tou Xi Xiao Ren Shen Wu Ling Zhi Rou Gui Chi She Zi Ding Xiang Yu Jin Shui Yin Pi Shuang Lang Du Mi Tuo Zhen Ya Xio San Leng |
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Which is not a mutual antagonism:
Ding Xiang and Yu Jin Ren Shen and Wu Ling Zhi Gan cao and HaiZao Rou Gui and Chi She Zhi |
Gan cao and HaiZao
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Which is not one of the 18 Incompatibilities:
Wu Tou and Bei Mu Li Lu and RenShen DaJi and Gan Cao Badou and QianNuiZi |
Badou and QianNuiZi
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4 things about dietetics:
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diet is the foundation of a successful herb tx
herbs are potent forms of food & can effect the body more powerfully herbs catalyze and accelerate food actions |
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3 important aspects of storing herbs:
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cool place
air tight no light |
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Which herbs keep the longest if stored properly?
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minerals and roots
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3 Post processing techniques of herbs
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honey-more qi tonifying
salt-geard toward kidney char-stops bleeding |
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Herb prepared as Wan:
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Big pill
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Herb prepared as San:
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Powder
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Herb prepared as Chong Ji:
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Crystal
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Which prep of CHM is strongest form?
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Tang/Cha
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E Jiao is likely:
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gelatin or glue
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Zheng Gu Shui is what form?
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thin liquid
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CHM measurements
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1Li= .03g
1Fen= .3g or 10 Li 1Qian= 3g or 10 Fen 1Liang= 30g or 10 Qian |
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Cooking toxic herbs w/ Drastic action:
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low dose
cook longer |
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Cooking diaphoretics, qi movers, drying, open orifices:
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small dose
cook short |
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Cooking flowers/leaves, lightweight, aromatic:
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small does
cook short |
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For fresh herbs in a formula, you would:
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double the dose
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What factors should be considered in determining the dosage of herbs used for a patient?
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severity of symptoms/disease
constitution of pt strength of st/sp Qi |
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Dosages for children:
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up to 1 yr 1/10 adults
2-3yrs 1/4 adults 4-6yrs 1/3-1/2(size) 7-9 yrs acc to sz 10yr adult dose- unless less than 100lbs |
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Herbs are generally boiled ___ times
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2 (or 3)
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Contraindications for CHM/teas:
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highly seasoned foods
sour foods/liquids herbal teas homeo/naturo pathic herbs preggers-avoid strong effect and purgatives/emetics lactating women- reduce dose by 1/2 |
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Which preparation of CHM causes the most extreme response allergic reaction, mainly anaphylaxis?
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Injectables
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Be careful of_____when using topical preps:
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broken skin, medium used, contact dermatitis
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Which kinds of herbs cause allergic reactions?
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volatile herbs, animal parts, mushrooms
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Allergic reactions to CHM usually involves:
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dermatological responses and mucousal membrane rxn
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Allergic responses usually clear up within_____ hours
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24-72
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Most allergic rxn's appear w/in___hr(s)after ingestion
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1
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Appropriate herb-drug interactions:
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counteract well established s/e of western drugs
enhance the effect of drugs w/ similar actions |
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Undesirable herb-drug interactions
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drug therapy having a strong inhibitory action on normal physiological fxn, reducing effectiveness of herbs
drug therapy masks sx and other diagnostic signs that would adi in accurate diagnosing |
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Examples of herb-drug interactions:
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change in pulse/rate
change in tongue appearance change in urinary excretion |
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Interaction in the GI system prior to absorption has to do with:
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the binding of an herbal substance to a drug, rendering the drug less absorbable
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Target cell binding has to do with:
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drugs and herbs binding to the same surface components (receptor sites) of cells
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Alteration of drug metabolizing enzymes:
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herbs inhibiting actions of enzymes that break down the drug causing the drug to remain in the body longer
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Side effects of blood vitalizing herbs:
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Increased uterine bleeding
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Side effects of surface relieving herbs:
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Itching, skin rashes
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Side effects of fire-purging herbs:
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loose stool
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Side effects of yang-tonifying herbs:
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feverish feeling/heat
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Side effects of mineral herbs:
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gastric discomfort, loss of appetite, achy muscles
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Side effects of saponin-rich herbs:
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Headache, nervousness, spontaneous bleeding, change in appetite
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Side effects of hormone influencing herbs:
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changes in menstral cycle
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Side effects of unprocessed licorice
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sodium/potassium imbalance, edema and hear palpitations or arrythmia
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What ingredient in Fang Ji, Mu Tong and Ma Dou Ling is considered to be toxic?
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Aristolochic Acid
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The commercial/pharmaceutical name of Chinese herbs usually consist of:
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ref to plant part used
genus name species name in some cases |
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Caulis
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stem
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Ramulus
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branch or twig
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Cortex
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bark
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Herba
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tops
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Radicis cortex
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root bark
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Ju Hua
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flower
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Goi Ji Zi
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seeds w/ fruit
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Shi Gao
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mineral
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Dan Shen
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tonic root
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Tao Ren
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kernel/seed w/o fruit
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Chen Pi
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skin, peel, bark
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Primary actions of diaphoretic herbs:
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pungent
acts on LU channel expels pathogens from surface |
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Cautions/contraindications of diaphoretic herbs:
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profuse sweat-can damage yin and jin/ye
yin def pts with night sweats heavy menses or bleeding disorders |
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Exogenous attack by wind occurs:
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on superficial parts of the body
in the upper burner |
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txp for an attack of wind cold:
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regulate the pores
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Exterior EXCESS condition, constitution is strong. Attack of w/c, Wei Qi is _____ and the pores are ____ and there is _________.
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strong, closed, no sweat
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Exterior Defcient condition, constitution is weak. Attack by w/c, Wei Qi is____and the pores are_____and there is__________.
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weak, open, slight sweating
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Characteristics of diaphoretic herbs:
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pungent, warming, induce sweat, disperse w/c
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Number one herb for tx w/c (strong diaphoretic):
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Ma Huang
(ephedra) |
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Herb that is good for w/c digestive problems and seafood poisoning:
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Zi Sue Ye
(perilla leaf) |
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Herb that is major surface relieving due to effective but mild acting, dispels both interior and exterior wind and tx skin problems:
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Fang Feng
(siler) |
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Number one herb to tx def constitution with exterior excess w/c:
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Gui Zhi
(cinnamon) |
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Important herb to relieve pain due to damp in surface condition (bi syndrome)
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Qiang Huo
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Herb best for itch, measles
w/c or w/h not for open sores |
Jing Jie
(schizonepeta) |
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Best herb to harmonize Ying and Wei levels
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Gui Zhi
(Cinnamon) |
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Best herb to calm fetus and tx morning sickness
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Zi Su Ye
Perilla Leaf |
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Best to dissipate water accumulation esp in upper body
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Ma Huang
ephedra |
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Best to tx frostbite, angina and palpitations
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Gui Zhi
cinnamon |
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Best herb to harmonize Ying and Wei levels
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Gui Zhi
(Cinnamon) |
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Best herb to calm fetus and tx morning sickness
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Zi Su Ye
Perilla Leaf |
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Best to dissipate water accumulation esp in upper body
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Ma Huang
ephedra |
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Best to tx frostbite, angina and palpitations
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Gui Zhi
cinnamon |
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Best herb to harmonize Ying and Wei levels
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Gui Zhi
(Cinnamon) |
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Best herb to harmonize Ying and Wei levels
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Gui Zhi
(Cinnamon) |
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Best herb to calm fetus and tx morning sickness
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Zi Su Ye
Perilla Leaf |
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Best herb to calm fetus and tx morning sickness
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Zi Su Ye
Perilla Leaf |
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Best to dissipate water accumulation esp in upper body
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Ma Huang
ephedra |
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Best to dissipate water accumulation esp in upper body
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Ma Huang
ephedra |
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Best to tx frostbite, angina and palpitations
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Gui Zhi
cinnamon |
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Best to tx frostbite, angina and palpitations
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Gui Zhi
cinnamon |
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Pungent/acrid herbs have what fxn?
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disperse and move
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Sweet herbs have what fxn?
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Tonify and harmonize
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Salty herbs have what fxn?
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Purge and soften
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Bitter herbs have what fxn?
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Drain and Dry
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Sour herbs have what fxn?
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Astringent and prevent abn leakage of fluid and energy/Qi
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According to the Inner Classic, temperature and taste are equivalent to:
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temp=yang
taste=yin |
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In ancient times it was thought the highest level of herbal formulas were those which developed the 3 treasures. Which was not a treasure?
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Xue
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Which is the best to tx shaoyin stage dz?
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Xi Xin
Ginger |
