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35 Cards in this Set

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Alpha lipoic acid
For diabetic peripheral neuropathy
ADR: hypoglycemia, allergic rash

CI: thryoid disease
Ginseng (Asian: Panax ginseng)
To decrease fatigue and enhance concentration (adaptogen)
ADR: HTN, euphoria, anxiety, insomnia, diarrhea, edema, hypoglycemia (stimulanting effects)

CI: renal failure, pregnancy, bleeding, infection, surgery

DI: anticoagulants/ antiplatelets, stimulants, antipsychotics, corticosteroids
Coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone)
For heart failure, cardiomyopathy, HTN
DI: decreased INR w/ warfarin, decreased CoQ10 w/ HMG CoA reductase inhibitors
Echinacea purpurea
For colds, respiratory infections, wound healing
ADR: allergic reactions

CI: severe illness (HIV, MS, TB) or autoimmune disease (RA, SLE)

DI: immunosuppressants (azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine), anticoagulants/ antiplatelets (caution)

Limit use to 6-8 weeks
Fish oil (omega-3 fatty acids: DHA/EPA)
For cardiovascular health, hypertriglyceridemia, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis
ADR: fishy burbs (use EC, take w/ food, or freeze caps)

DI: anticoagulants/ antiplatelets (bleeding risk at > 4g daily)
Garlic (Allium sativum)
For hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, and stomach & colorectal cancers
ADR: malodorous breath, GI upset, allergic reactions

CI: bleeding, surgery

DI: anticoagulants/ antiplatelets, saquinavir (decreases AUC by 50%)
Ginger (Zingiber officinale)
For nausea/ vomiting associated with pregnancy, motion sickness, chemotherapy, surgery (antiemetic)
ADR: heartburn, dermatitis, hypoglycemia

DI: anticoagulants/ antiplatelets (> 1g/day alters plt fxn)
Gingo biloba
For memory enhancement, dementia, intermittent claudication, vertio, tinnitus
ADR: GI upset, dizziness, seizures, bleeding

DI: anticoagulants/ antiplatelets

CI: surgery, bleeding
Glucosamine/chondroitin
For osteoarthritis (knee)
CI: severe shellfish allergy

May take 6-8 weeks for full effect
Green tea
Prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer
ADR: GI upset/stimulation (contains caffeine)

DI: large doses may decrease INR (loses vitamin K if brewed), ephedrine, theophylline
Kava-kava
For anxiety or stress
ADR: alcohol effects (impaired motor reflexes and judgment), mydriasis, EPS, LIVER FAILURE

CI: liver disease, alcoholism

DI: decreases efficacy of levodopa, additive effects with barbis, benzos, & alcohol

Do not take for > 4 weeks & D/C if jaundice
Melatonin
For sleep disorders
ADR: worsens depression, confusion

DI: additive effects w/ benzos
Probiotics (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacteria, or Sacchromyces)
For antibiotic-induced diarrhea, GI disorders, atopic dermatitis, allergies
ADR: bloating, flatulence, diarrhea

CI: systemic infection, immunocompromised

DI: seperate administration of antibiotics (decreases absorption)
Saw palmetto
For BPH
Well tolerated

See MD before use to r/o prostate cancer
St. John's Wort (Hypericum)
To treat depression and anxiety
ADR: insomnia, loss of libido, photosensitivity, GI upset, dizziness, confusion

DI: antidepressants, CYP450 3A4/ 1A2/ 2C9 & p-glycoprotein inducer (decreases cyclosporine, indinavir, digoxin, OCP)
Black cohosh
For female complaints (PMS, dysmenorrhea, menopause)
Well tolerated, but reports of serious ADRs: vasoconstriction, GI spasms, hypotension, bradycardia

DI: unsafe abortifacien (bleeding) w/ pennyroyal
Comfrey
For gout, arthritis, infections
Serious ADR: obstruction of blood flow to the liver possibly resulting in death
Chinese weight loss preps
For weight loss
Serious ADR: Kidney cancer (Chinese-herb nephropathy)
Ephedra (Ma-Huang, Herbal Ectasy)
For weight loss, energy, allergy/ respiratory problems
Serious ADR: HTN, arrhythmias, seizures, stroke, MI, death

DI: stimulants, CV agents

DO NOT USE!
Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra)
For gastric and duodenal ulcers, chronic gastritis, constipation, and hepatitis C
Serious ADR: pseudoaldosteronism due to mineralcorticoid activity (sodium/ water retention, hypokalemia, HTN, vasoconstriction)

DI: digoxin
Yohimbe
For aphrodisiac
Serious ADR: weakness, paralysis, anxiety, death (overdose)
Chasteberry
For female complaints (menstrual irregularity, PMS)
Well tolerated

DI: dopamine antagonists, oral contraceptives
Evening Primrose Oil/ Black Currant Oil/ Borage Seed Oil
For PMS, menopause, gynecological problems, diabetic neuropathy, chronic fatigue, preeclampsia
Well tolerated
Grape Seed Extract/ Pine Bark
For atherosclerosis, varicose veins, ADHD, diabetic retinopathy, cardiac/cerebral infarction (antioxidants)
Well tolerated
Hawthorn
For heart failure and CAD
Well tolerated

DI: digoxin
Chamomile
For motion sickness, GI disorders, dermatologic disorders, anxiety, insomnia, hemorrhoids
ADR: allergic reactions

DI: warfarin?
Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum)
For mushroom poisoning, liver disease due to alcohol, APAP, and other chemicals
ADR: GI upset, allergic reactions

DI: indinavir
Peppermint (Mentha piperita)
For irritable bowel syndrome
ADR: heartburn

Avoid if severe GI disease
Plantago (plantain, psyllium seed)
For constipation or soft stools (hemorrhoids, anal fissures, or anorectal surgery)
Well tolerated

Avoid if GI obstruction
減産
감산
a decrease in production [decrease + produce]
Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon)
For prevention and treatment of urinary tract infections
ADR: increased risk of kidney stones, diarrhea
Feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium)
For prevention of migraines, relief of rheumatic pain
ADR: GI upset, oral ulcers, "postfeverfew syndrome": anxiety, headache, insomnia, muscle stiffness

DI: anticoagulants/ antiplatelets
Valerian Root
For sedative properties
Well tolerated

DI: other CNS depressants
Aloe vera gel (topical)
For burns, wound healing, inflammation, arthritis
Well tolerated

DI: application with topical steroids may increase absorption of steroid
Witch Hazel (Hamamelis virginiana)
For astringent effects (vasoconstriction, decreased inflammation)
ADR: allergic reactions