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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the mode of transmission of the ssRNA Picornavirus that causes hepatitis? |
Hep-A
*Fecal-oral (common in travelers) |
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What is the mode of transmission of the partial dsDNA hepadenavirus that causes hepatitis? |
Hep B
*Parenteral, sexual, maternal-fetal (vertical) *Sexual = most common means of transmission in US *Vertical = most common worldwide |
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What is the mode of transmission of the ssRNA flavivirus that causes hepatitis? |
Hep C
*Mainly blood (most common in IV-drug use) |
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What is the classification and transmission of the hepatitis virus that has a high mortality in pregnant women? |
Hep E
*RNA hepevirus *Fecal-oral |
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What is the only hepatitis virus that has no vaccine or post-exposure prophylaxis? |
Hep C |
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A female pt has a 10x increase in ALT & AST, thyroiditis, vertigo, malar rahse, and arthlagia. What other 3 markers are likely to high in his pt? |
Autoimmune Hepatitis
*Hyper-gamma-globulinemia, + SMA, + ANA |
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What 3 types of hepatitis lead to chronic hepatitis? |
Hep B Hep C (most common to lead to chronic) Autoimmune Hepatitis |
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What type of hepatitis has increased IgG? IgM? |
Increased IgM = Acute viral Increased IgG = Chronic viral & Autoimmune |
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What stage of hepatitis would have the following markers?
HBsAg HBeAg IgM Anti-HBc |
Acute Hepatitis
*HBsAg & HBeAg= present during incubation *IgM begins expression during prodrome (fever, malaise, N/V, arthralgia) |
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What stage of hepatitis would have the following markers?
Anti-HBe IgM Anti-HBc |
Window (low transmissibility) |
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What stage of hepatitis would have the following markers?
HBsAg HBeAg IgG Anti-HBcAg
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Chronic - high infectivity |
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What stage of hepatitis would have the following markers?
HBsAg Anti-HBeAg IgG Anti-HBcAg |
Chronic - low infectivity |
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What stage of hepatitis would have the following markers?
Anti-HBsAg Anti-HBeAg IgG Anti-HBcAg |
Recovery from Acute |
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What stage of hepatitis would have the following markers?
IgG Anti-HBcAg |
Immunization |
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What type of viral hepatitis is co-dependent on another virus for infection? What are the 2 possible types of infection and which is worse? |
Hep D (recquires HBV to infect)
*Co-infection (2 viruses infect at same time) *Super-ifxn (HDV infects cell w/ exisiting HBV infxn -- worst type) |
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Which Hep viruses have long incubations (mths) and which have short incubations (wks)? |
Short = HAV & HEV Long = HBV & HCV |
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Acute Hepatitis
*arrow points to "Councilman Body" (apoptic heaptocyte w/ no nuc.) *Also has hepatocyte swelling, inflam infiltrate, and kupffer cell hypertrophy |
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HBV
*indicated by "ground glass cell" (envelope inside cell that is only present w/ Hep B) |
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Chronic Hepatitis
*"Piecemeal Necrosis" (necrosis of hepatocytes at hepatic plate border) *lymphocytes in portal areas *Bridging fibrosis w/ regenerative nodules |
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Fulminant Hepatitis
*rapid liver failure (w/in 2 wks) *atrophic yellow flabbly liver w/ large inflamm. infiltrate *majority due to viral hep, other causes = Rx (acetominphen), chemicals, mushrooms |
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What mediates the damage in Autoimmune hepatitis? |
IFN-gamma released by CD4+ and CD8+ |
