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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is Anemia?
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reduced number of RBCs which results in decreased oxygen delivery
note: often due to underlying cause |
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Hgb for moderate anemia:
Severe anemia |
7-10g/dl
<7g/dl |
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This is seen in adaptation of chronic anemias?
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increase of 2,3 bisphosphoglycerate
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This is seen elevated in hemolytic anemias.
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Reticulocyte count
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A bone marrow exam reveals the maturation patterns of _____ and _____.
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RBCs and WBCs
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What is ineffective erythropoiesis?
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production of progenitor cells that are defective
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megaloblastic, thalassemia, and sideroblastic anemias will have increased?
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RBC precurses
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What is insufficient erythropoiesis?
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is a lack of erythroid precursers in bone marrow
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Aplastic anemia is
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a loss of erythroid precurser to an autoantibody
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This determines whether the anemia is due to a production defect or to increase or early distruction.
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Reticulocyte count
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Normocytic, normachromic =
MCV = MCH = MCHC = |
MCV = 80 - 100
MCH = 27 - 32 MCHC = 32 - 36 |
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Microcytic, normochromic =
MVC = MCHC = |
MVC = <80
MCHC = <32 |
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Microcytic, normochromic is caused by conditions that result in reduced _____ synthesis
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Hgb
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Macrocytic, normachromic =
MCV = MCHC = |
MCV = >100
MCHC =>32 |
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Macrocytic, normachromic is characterized by?
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oval macrocytes and teardrop shaped cells
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RDW/ anisocytosis =
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variation in RBC size
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MCV and RDW for thalassimia
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MCV = low
RDW = normal |
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MCVand RDW for iron deficiency
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MCV = low
RDW = high |
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MCV and RDW for vit b12 or folate deficiency
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MCV = high
RDW = high |
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MCV and RDW for anemia hemoglobinopathy
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MCV = normal
RDW = high |
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Iron deficiency anemias result from?
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inadiquate stores of iron
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Anemia of chronic inflamation results from?
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impared mobilization of iron
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sideroblastic anemia results from?
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RBC defect preventing iron incorporation into heme
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Iron is distibuted in these three compartments?
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storage-ferritin
transport-transferrin functional-Hgb, Myoglobin |
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4 groups prone to iron deficiency anemia
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menstrating women
adolecent girls pregnant and nursing women growing children |
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lab diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia?
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CBC begins to show microcytosis, hypochromia, decreased Hgb/RBC/Hct
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Anemia of
chronic inflamation is when? |
iron absorption is decreased during inflamation and becomes unavailable to developing RBCs
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Hepcidin
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regulates iron levels by reducing the amount of iron absorbed.
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lactoferrin
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iron binding protein in the granules of neutrophils, has a greater avidity for iron than transferrin
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Lab diagnostics for anemia of chronic inflamation
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decreased serum iron and TIBC
HGB 9-11 without reticulocytosis |
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Etiology of sideroblastic anemia
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interferes with production ofadequate amounts of heme
iron is abundant in marrow |
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sideroblastic anemia lab diagnostics
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microcytic and hypochromic
iron deposites in normoblasts in the mitochondria |
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impaired mental developement may be a result of
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sideroblastic anemia
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(sideroblastic anemia) lead poisoning lab diag.
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elevated retic count
basophilic stippling is classic finding |
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porphorias etiology
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impaired production of heme can be aquired or heredity
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What is hemochromatosis?
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developes as a result of mutations affecting the proteins of iron metabolism
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4 organs that can be damaged by iron overload?
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skin, liver, pancreas, heart
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iron overload is most common in?
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men 40-60
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iron overload = an amount of transferrin saturation of
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>60%
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MCV ref range
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80-100
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