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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Normal RBC Count
Men: Women: |
Normal RBC Count
Men: 4.6-6.2 million/µL Women: 4.2-5.4 million/µL |
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Normal Hemoglobin
Men: Women: |
Normal Hemoglobin
Men:13.5-16.5 g/dl Women: 12-15 g/dl |
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Normal Hematocrit
Men: Women: |
Normal Hematocrit
Men: 40-54% Women: 38-47% |
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Normal Differential of WBC's
Neutrophils Lymphocytes Monocytes Eosinophils Bands Basophils |
Neutrophils - 40-75%
Lymphocytes - 20-45% Monocytes - 2-10% Eosinophils, Bands - 0-6% Basophils - 0-1% |
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Normal Platelet Count
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140,000 - 440,000/µL
(/mm to third power) |
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Pseudoneutrophilia
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marginated neutrophils shift into the circulating pool and are counted in the CBC
(no spike in bands as seen w/infection) |
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Eosinophilia
or Eosinophilic leukocytosis |
increase in eosinophils
(seen in allergic states & parasitic infestations) |
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Lymphocytosis
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increase in lymphocytes
(seen in viral infections) |
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Lymphocytopenia
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decrease in lymphocytes
(seen in trauma & acute infection) |
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Monocytosis
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increase in monocytes
(seen in chronic infections including TB, syphllis, typhoid fever & subacute bacterial endocarditis) |
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definition and causes of neutropenia
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chemotherapy*
decreased bone marrow prod.* increased dest. of neutrophils in tissues* bone marrow disease cancer affecting bone marrow severe bacterial infection some viral infections hypothermia (pseudo) |
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definition and causes of neutrophilia
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(increased neutrophils)
bacterial infection inflammation |
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definition and causes of eosinophilia
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(increased eosinophils)
allergic reaction parasitic infestation |
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definition and causes of lymphocytosis
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(increased lymphocytes)
viral infection |
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definition and causes of monocytosis
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(increased monocytes)
chronic infections TB malignancies |
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anemia
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anemia is a decrease in the RBC count, Hb, & Hct
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microcytic
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red cells smaller than normal
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hypochromic
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contain a lower than normal amount of Hb
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normocytic, normochromic anemia
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anemia present with normal indices
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microcytic, hypochromic anemia
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anemia present & red cells are smaller and conatin lower amount of Hb than normal
(indices are abnormal) |
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macrocytic
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RBC's larger than normal
(increased MCV) |
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Polycythemia
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increase in RBC count, Hb and hematocrit
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thrombocytopenia
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abnormal reduction in the platelet count
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hemostasis
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ability to prevent hemorrhage, form a blood clot
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Normal Prothrombin time (PT)
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12 to 15 seconds
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Normal International normalized ratio (INR)
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less than 1.2
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What lab results should be reviewed before performing an ABG
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blood clotting ability
platelet count PT APTT |
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Normal PT/INR
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PT 12-15 seconds
INR <1.2 |
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Normal platelet count
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140,000-440,000/mm3
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Normal APTT
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24-32 seconds
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Normal Sodium
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137-147 mEq/L
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Normal Potassium
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3.5-4.8 mEq/L
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Normal Chloride
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98-105 mEq/L
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Normal CO2 content
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25-33 mEq/L
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Normal BUN
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7-20 mg/dl
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Normal Creatinine
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0.7-1.3 mg/dl
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Normal Total protein
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6.3-7.9 g/dl
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Normal Albumin
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3.5-5.0 g/dl
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Normal Cholesterol
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150-220 mg/dl
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Normal Glucose
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70-105 mg/dl
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Causes of Hypokalemia
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low K+ diet
alcoholism gastrointestinal loss renal disease diuretics alkalosis increased plasma insulin diuretic use |
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Causes of Hyperkalemia
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high K+ diet
oral K+ supplement transfusion of old blood renal failure hypoaldosteronism acidosis crush injuries tissue hypoxia hemolysis leukocytosis |
