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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are 2 distinctive characteristics of stem cells?
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1. are highly resilient and productive, capable of continuously replenishing huge numbers of granulocytes, lymphocytes, and erythrocytes throughout life 2. represent a self-renewing population taht is able to maintain its numbers while also providing a continued supply of progenitor cells
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What 2 growth factors increase platelet counts?
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thrombopoietin and IL-11
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What is the normal range for reticulocyte count?
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0.5-1.5% OR 35,000-85,000/µL
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What is the normal range for mean corpuscular volume (MCV)?
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80-100
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What is the normal range for neutrophils?
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1800-7700/µL
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What is the normal range for lymphocytes?
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1100-4800/µL
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What is aplastic anemia?
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- an underproduction of mature blood cells - chacterized by pancytopenia with a markedly hypocellular bone marrow
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What is myeloproliferative disease?
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an overproduction of mature blood cells
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How does myelodysplasia or acute leukemia affect the stem cell development?
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both can result in failed differentiation with production of too many immature forms
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Describe the symptoms of aplastic anemia?
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- symptoms are related to the cytopenias 1. due to anemia: fatigue, dyspnea, or palpitation 2. due to low platelet counts: gingival bleeding, epistaxis, petechiae, or purpura 3. due to low WBC: recurrent bacterial infections
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What are diagnostic criteria of severe aplastic anemia?
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- in the blood, at least two of the following: 1. Neutrophil count < 500/µL 2. Platelet count < 20000/µL 3. Anemia with corrected reticulocyte count < 1% - in bone marrow, cellularity < 25%, usually < 5-10%
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What are causes of aquired aplastic anemia?
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- drugs - toxins - viral infection - immune disease - paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria - radiation - pregnancy
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What is the treatment for aplastic anemia for patient who cannot undergo stem cell transplantation?
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treatment with a combination of antithymocyte globulin (ATG) or antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) with cyclosporine (a specific T-cell inhibitor)
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