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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What protein does streptokinase block in order to decrease coagulation?
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Plaminogen
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History of Alcohol abuse, nodular liver, increased erythropoeitin and erythrocytosis?
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Hepatocellular carcinoma
Other cancers causing polycythemia: - Renal Cell carcinoma - Hemangioma - Pheochromocytoma - Uterine Myomata |
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B+Thalassemia
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B-thalassemia - reduced levels of B hemoglobin
Increase in a2 fractional and F hemoglobin Autosomal Recessive Microcytic, hypochromic anemia, with anicytosis |
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What is the most common Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in adults?
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Diffuse Large Cell B Lymphoma
- May be a T-cell lymphoma (20%) |
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Follicular Lymphoma
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Bcl-2
t(14:18) Difficult to cure because Bcl-2 inhibits apoptosis |
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What are the 3 types of T-cell lymphomas?
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Adult T cell lymphoma - HTLV
Sezary syndrome/mycosis fungoides Diffuse large Cell Lymphoma will sometimes be due to T-cells |
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Multiple Myeloma
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Punched out lesion
Light Chain Kappa proteins (bence-jones) HyperCalcemia Renal insufficiency Anemia Bone/back pain Rouleaux formation - RBC stacking IgG and IgA (vs. Waldenstrom IgM) |
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Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia
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Increase in lymphoblasts (acute)
t(12:21), Children, CNS and testes TdT+, CALLA+ Most responsive to therapy |
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SLL/CLL
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>60 yo
Smudge cells Warm antibodies autoimmune anemia CLL and SLL are the same except CLL has increase of peripheral lymphocytes |
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Mature B cell tumor with Pancytopenia and cells that stain for Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase
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Hairy cell Leukemia
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Leukemia treated with Imatinib?
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CML
t(9:22), Bcr-Abl Increase Neutrophils, Basophils, Metamyelocytes May progress to AML or ALL (blast crisis) |
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S-100, CD1a, Birbeck Granules
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Langherans histiocytosis - monocytes lineage
(aka Hands-schuller christian, Letterer Siwe disease, eosinophilic granuloma) |
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What are the three major myeloproliferative disorders that have a JAK2 mutation?
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Polycythemia vera - everything is increased
Essential Thrombocytosis - only platelets are increased Myelofibrosis - Decreased RBCs |
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When is aminocaproic acid used?
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To reduce the effects of Plasminogen activators (streptokinase, urokinase, tPa)
All plasminogen activators increase PT and PTT times but have no effect on Bleeding time (platelets) |
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What is the mechanism of action of Abciximab, eptifibatid, tirofiban?
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Binds to GpIIb/IIIa receptor on the Platelets
(Glanzmann Thrombabsethia deals with the same receptor) |
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What anti-platelet medication works by binding to ADP receptors on platelets?
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Clopidgrel
Ticlopidine - inhibits the binding of Fibrinogen to GpIIb/IIIa receptors |
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What is the mechanism of action of Cromolyn Acid?
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Binds to mast cells and inhibits degranulation
Used as treatment for asthma |
