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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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3 myelodysplastic syndromes
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preleukemia
subacute leukemia dysmyelopoietic syndrome |
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median age of MDS onset
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70
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MDS presents with
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moderate/severe anemia
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MDS disease course is usually
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indolent
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MDS is usually ___ but can be ___
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idiopathic
heredofamilial |
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secondary MDS is more/less aggressive than primary and has more/less cytogenetic abnormalities
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more
more |
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in MDS there's ___penia
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pancyto
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to diagnose MDS you need to exclude
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B12/folate deficiency
heavy metal exposure cytotoxic tx inflammation |
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3 aspects of abnormal maturation in MDS
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abnormal response to GFs
erthropoiesis inhibition by cytokines increased apoptosis |
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4 cytokines driving apoptosis in MDS
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TNF
IFNg IL1 TGFb |
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leukemic tendency in MDS is associated with ___
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karyotypic abnormalities
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3 cytogenetic abnormalities associated with good prognosis
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Y-
5q- 20q- |
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1 cytogenetic abnormality associated with bad prognosis
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7
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5 MDS subtypes
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reactive anemia (RA)
RA with ringed sideroblasts (RARS) RA with excessive blasts (RAEB) RAEB with leukemic transformation (RAEB-t) chronic myelo monocytic leukemia (CMML) |
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2 MDS subtypes with low risk of transformation
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RA
RARS |
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3 MDS prognostic factors
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age
platelet count BM blasts % |
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in 5q del syndrome megakaryocytes are ___
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hyposegmented
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CMML occurs after age ___. ___ are visible in PB and ___ in BM.
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50
myelocytes monocytic hyperplasia |
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tx for low-risk MDS
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supportive tx
GFs immune modulation Fe chelation |
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GFs given for MDS
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EPO
G-CSF |
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drugs given for low-risk MDS
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linelidomide
azacitidine |
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tx for high-risk MDS
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supportive
chemo stem cell transplant BMT |
