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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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IRPs are ___. they regulate expression of ___ (3).
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Iron regulatory proteins
transferrin transferrin receptors (TfR) ferritin |
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when Fe is low, IRP assumes a conformation which ___s translation of ferritin and ___s translation of TfR and DMT-1. the mRNA domains it binds are called ___.
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blocks
enhances iron response elements (IREs) |
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Fe level in normal men is ___. Women have more/less.
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35-45 mg/kg
less |
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___ of body Fe is stored in RBCs and RBC precursors. remainder is stored in ___ (2).
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2/3
hepatocytes reticuloendothelial macrophages |
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3 locations of Fe regulation
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GIT intake
Fe storage erythropoiesis |
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2 effects of hepcidin on Fe homeostasis
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decreased Fe release from macropahges
decreased Fe absorption from gut |
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hepcidin release is stimulated by
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IL-6
TNF |
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Fe deficiency causes ___cytic, ___chromic anemia
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micro
hypo |
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hypochromic RBCs have less ___
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Hb
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T/F: Fe deficiency anemia always presents with characteristic symptoms
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False; may be asymptomatic
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5 characteristic symptoms of Fe deficiency
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cognitive abnormalities
pica koilonychia (spoon nails) blue sclerae plummer-vinson syndrome |
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plummer vinson syndrome is ___ caused by ___
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dysphagia
pharyngeal webs |
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as Fe deficiency worsens, Fe stores increase/decrease, Transferrin increases/decreases, Ferritin increases/decreases, and TfR increases/decreases.
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decrease
increases decreases increases |
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TIBC is ___. it is comprised of ___ (2)
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total iron binding capacity
serum Fe UIBC: unused iron binding capacity |
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Fe deficiency causes increased ___ (2) and decreased ___.
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UIBC
TIBC serum Fe |
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anemia of chronic disease causes decreased (3)
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UIBC
serum Fe TIBC |
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3 microcytic anemias with normal/increased Fe stores
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anemia of chronic disease
thalassemia (globin synthesis) sideroblastic anemia (heme synthesis) |
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IDA is confirmed if (2)
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reticulocytosis starts 3-5 days after Fe therapy starts
Hb rises 21 days after |
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most widely used Fe preparation for IDA
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ferrous sulfate
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duration of oral Fe treatment is ___ or ___
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4-6 months
when ferritin > 50 ug/L |
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___ is a cause of IDA in both men and women
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GI bleed
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causes of IDA specific to women (2)
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menorrhagia
repeated pregnancy |
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___ is a protein which causes hemochromatosis when deficient.
___ is a protein which causes hemochromatosis when mutated |
hepcidin
HFE |
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3 causes of elevated Fe absorption
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hemochromatosis
ineffective erythropoiesis chronic liver disease |
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___ is a gene associated with hereditary hemochromatosis. it is homologous to ___ and regulates ___.
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HFE
beta2 microglobulin Tf/TfR interaction |
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symptoms of Fe overload (5)
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skin hyperpigmentation
endocrine abnormalities liver disease and HCC cardiomyopathy arthropathy |
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treatment of transfusion Fe overload is with ___
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Fe chelators
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___ is a chelator associated with deafness, visual and bone abnormalities
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deferoxamine
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___ is a chelator associated with arthropathy and agranulocytosis
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deferiprone
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___ is a chelator associated with rash and transient elevation of liver enzymes
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deferasirox
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normal retic count
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0.5-2%
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corrected retic count
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(retic %)(HCT)/45
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4 causes of microcytic hypochromic anemia
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Fe deficiency
anemia of chronic disease thalassemia sideroblastic anemia |
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heme is made of ___ (2)
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Fe
protoporphyrin |
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protoporphyrin deficiency causes ___
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sideroblastic anemia
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Hb is made of ___ (2)
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heme
globin |
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globin deficiency causes ___
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thalassemia
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main Fe storage protein in RES
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ferritin
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hemosiderin is an insoluble complex of ___
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ferritin
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