Hebrew I Final

Front 1

Open and Closed Syllables

Back 1

- ALL syllables begin with a consonant
- ALL syllables contain only 1 vowel or reduced vowel
- Open syllable is one that ends in a vowel
- Closed syllable is one that ends in a consonant

Front 2

A _______ ________ syllable MUST have a ______ vowel

Back 2

Closed
Unaccented
Short

Front 3

Vocal or Silent Shewa

Back 3

Vocal when:
1. first vowel in a word
2. vowel in front of it is long
3. 2nd of 2 consecutive shewas, unless at the end
4. underneath a dagesh forte

Front 4

Maqqeph

Back 4

A short horizontal stroke that joins words together into one accented unit, as though they were all one word

Front 5

Metheg

Back 5

Short vertical stroke placed at the left of a vowel. Its effect is to make the reader pause after it. Leaves syllable open.

Front 6

Qamets-Hatuph/Qamets

Back 6

qamets=long,
qamets-hatuph=short
open=long
closed=short

Front 7

Dagesh Lene/Forte

Back 7

Is it BGDKPhT?

No - Forte
Yes - Preceded by vowel = Forted
Not = Lene

Front 8

Guttural Rules

Back 8

1. cannot be doubled (w/ Resh)
2. take composite shewa
3. prefer Patah
4. take furtive Patah after accented

Front 9

Gutturals

Back 9

Letters:

Front 10

BeGaDKePHaT

Back 10

Letters:

Front 11

Adjectives

Back 11

1. Predicate - does not agree in definiteness with noun, usually precedes
2. Attributive - agrees in definiteness with noun, usually follows it
3. Substantive - no noun for the adjective to modify, usually is definite

Front 12

Inseparable Prepositions

Back 12

'to' or 'for'

'in' or 'with'

'as' or 'like'

Front 13

Construct Noun

Back 13

1. maqeph is used between often
2. never takes def article
3. often shortens

Front 14

Active Participle (p65)

Back 14

Root:
M.Sg.
F.Sg.
M.Pl.
F.Pl.

Front 15

Old Accusative Ending

Back 15

denotes motion or direction to a place; not accented

Front 16

Imperfect (p75)

Back 16

shewa under first
holem over second
prefixed

Front 17

Imperative

Back 17

shewa under first
holem over second
not prefixed
only 2nd person

Front 18

Infinitives

Back 18

Verbal noun
Absolute and Construct

Absolute - emphasis; has holem-vav
Construct - often with "to"

Front 19

Passive Participle

Back 19

contains Sureq
"is kept" "are kept" as opposed to "ing"

Front 20

Cohortative

Back 20

1st person imperative
appending syllable

Front 21

Jussive

Back 21

Imperfect often used with Jussive
3rd person
context helps with this