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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Succession Narrative
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• The story that tells how Solomon succeed David
• Amnon was killed by Absalom because of Amnon’s rape of Temar • Absalon who is killed by Joab • Nathan and Bethsheba convince David to name Solomon as next success rather than Adonijah • The lineage of David found in 2 Samuel 9-20; I Kings 1-2, a detailed list of sins within the family line. |
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Absalom p.3
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• Son of David 2 Sam 13-15
• Who kills Amnon for raping Tamar. • Starts a civil war against his father David and have intercourse with his concubines before all Israel. • Joab kills Absalom while he was dandling from a tree. • David grievously laments over the death of his son. It is significant because adultery not only impacts the couple but the entire community in not only the present generation but the next. |
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Corvee p. 338
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• 2 Samuel 20:24
• This is forced labor or labor gang • Use by other south west Asian monarchs • David uses it, but Solomon increases it • Ordered, they built palaces and temples, city walls and road ways, for minimum wage at best additionally they were recruited into the military. • Tip point for the dividing of the two kingdoms |
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Esther
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• Possibly 3th or 4th century
• Apart of the apocryphal the catholic and orthodox canon • Maybe the Persian period 539-331 • Three versions Hebrew, Greek and Alpha Text • Presented as a court tale with the Jews in a court context • Prolonged contact with Gentiles • Celebration of the Hebrew or Jewish tradition of Purim where Jews are spared from genocide |
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The servant/slave songs
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• Isaiah’s servant hymns
• Isaiah 42:1-4 and Isaiah 49:1-6 • By some Jewish and Christian traditions these songs contain messianic prophecy |
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chochmah
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• Hebrew word for wisdom
• Ma’at the Egyptian Goddess embodies this principle • Wisdom tradition understands the cause and effect of human actions • Possibly speaks to a professional skill. • It could also mean how to address people and circumstances in an effective manner: having a life that is meaningful, gratifying and full. • This wise person is knowledgeable, capable of rebuking people, and usually refers to an elite male who teaches other especially children as in proverbs 1-7. |
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Prophetic act p. 424-425
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• Acts done by a prophet that symbolizing God’s intention for the people
• Three essential elements: • 1) God’s order to the prophet the prophet is commanded to perform a specific act • 2)account of act • 3)An account of the act and clarification of the act • Hosea 1:2 Go marry a woman of whoredom |
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Numerical proverb ( see literary forms)
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• A old didactic pattern of x+x+1
• In order to connote comprehensiveness • Proverbs 6:16-19: “6 things that the Lord hates and number 7 are an abomination” |
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Voice from the whirlwind p. 452
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• A reference to job 38 when YHWH answers job’s lament
• theophany similar to song of Deborah • god is neither absent nor silent |
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Purim
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• a Jewish festival in light of the book of Esther
• Where Mordecai and Esther exposes the plots against the King • A celebration for the sparing of the Jewish community from genocide |
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Hosea (165/317)
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11. Hosea (165/317)
• A prophet in the 8th century addressing the Northern Kingdom • He laments the unfaithfulness of Israel, his personal life how God desires to reunite with the wayward community. • His marriage to Gomer represents the same relationship with God and Israel • Hosea looks to the time when he and his wife will unite a depiction of how God looks forward to Israel’s return to Him. |
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Nebuchadnezzar (384)
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• the Babylonian king who reigned 605-562
• who laid siege to Tyre for 13 years after the fall of Jerusalem in 587-573, but • He did not destroy as Ezekiel predicted. |
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Contemplative discourse (literary form)
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• The longest discussion Major and fundamental problem
• speculating about the meaning of life • theological reflection on the relation of Yahweh to creation • Theodicy is a fundamental concern • Job and Ecclesiastes and Qoheleth |
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Book of wisdom of Ben Sira/Sirach (434-435)
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• Deuteronoconanical book
• 3 names (1) wisdom of Jesus, (2) Son of Sirach ben Sira, and (3) Eccelesiaticus • Written early 2nd century • Includes “woman wisdom” • Emphasizes the law Ben Sirach 19:20 • Ecclesiasticus meaning ecclesiastical or belonging to the church. |
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“son of man” (NRSV: “O martal”) page 257
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• Daniel and Isaiah human being and suffering servant symbolizes Israel.
• Could be a reference to “human being” as in psalms 8:4 • Daniel 7: son of man is a redeemer figure, • Enoch describes the son of man as a messiah, • The Gospel’s son of man is both Jesus and apocalyptic who will come on the clouds with power and great glory. Matt 24:30 |
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The scribe Barauch
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• Jeremiah 36
• Jeremiah’s scribe • Jeremiah dictates to barauch, barauch writes scroll sent to the King Jehoiakim who burns it • Jeremiah dictates more and sends back to the king Jehoiakim • 6th century • oral prophecy becomes written text |
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Nephesh
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• In Hebrew means “Soul”
• Deals with vitality of life • Relates to Sheol [place of the dead] • Greek meaning “Shade” or “Shadow” • Represents separation of body and soul |
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“vanity” (Ecclesiastes)
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• Utterly futility
• Hevel in Hebrew • Book of Quohelet/Ecclesiastics • 2:15-23, 2:1-11, 1:3-11 • Occurs 35 times • In older versions of the text it means “breath,” “Vapor,” and “Nothingness” • Characterization of Life |
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“the satan” (book of Job) page 443. meaning
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• Ha satan
• Prosecutor the tester of human beings and accuser of wrongdoing who is Job in this case. • Who indicts or accuses Job before God. • satan is part of God’s council and not the evil one who opposes God. • satan acts on God’s behalf and with God’s full support. • satan also incites David to take up a census which angers God. |
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Book of Judith (287)
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• means :Jewish woman”
• longest genealogy in the HB come from the line of Simeon, Dinah’s brother. • a rescuer of the “virgin status” • part of Apocryphal tradition • 1st or 2nd century • A virtuous beautiful woman who uses seduction • Who beheads King Holoferenes to protect Israel |
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“the instructions of Amenemope”
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• Egyptian parallel to Proverbs
• proverbs 22:20 • written around 2000-1500 BCE • Egyptian scribe dedicates it as a legacy to his son |
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Oracle (literary form)
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• An answer given as a response to a specific complaint or request for information
• Gen. 30:27; 2 Sam. 5:22-24 • concerned more directly with the present • two kinds of prophetic oracles: Woe oracle: and salvation oracle |
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Jezebel (120/410 and 411)
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• the wife of King Ahad a sidonian princess
• who bears false witness against Naboth causing him to be stoned for blasphemy • Allowing Ahad to gain his inheritance. • Deut. 19:18-19 the importance of witnesses in trails of legal manner. • I Kings 21 and 2 Kings |
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The Babylonian Chronicle
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• Cuneiform clay tablets recording events from 745-2nd century BCE
• Nebuchadnezzar's tablet talks about the capture of Jerusalem |
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Micah (page 422)
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• An 8th century prophet
• Prophet from Southern Kingdom • Contemporary of 1st Isaiah, appears along with Amos, Hosea • preaches against religious abuse and injustice • preaches hope |
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Elephantine (375-376)
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• A community of Jews in Egypt near the Nile
• A self-contained colony that is militaristic • Writes during the Persian period • They had a temple that was dedicated to Israel’s God • Had documents of business contracts, marriage and divorce decrees |
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Zedekiah (page 32)
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• The son of King Josiah
• Appointed King by Nebuchadnezzar as a vassal to Babylon • 594 Zedakiah joined forces with Egypt in a revolt • 587 the Neo Babylonian army laid siege to Judah for 18 month • 586 the walls were breached and Judah was captured • Zedakiah’s eyes were put out and he was bound and carried off to Babylon and his sons slaughtered |
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Jubilee Year (page 353-354)
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• The practice of redemption
• Occurs every fifty year decreeing ancestral land that had to be sold shall revert back to the original owner • In fairness to the owner a calculation was based on the time between redemption and the year of jubilee as a price to be paid • The year when no agricultural work is done • Lev. 25:8 |
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Deutero-Isaiah (page 228)
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• Also referred to as Second Isaiah
• Chapters 40-55 • The biblical account of creation • During the waning years of Babylonian exile 545-540 • An unnamed prophet • Depicts God as creator of the beginning and creator of new things • Proclaims hope for the returning exiles |
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Prophetic lawsuit (literary form)
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• Yahweh as the plaintiff
• Israel or nation as defendants • The prophet as the persecutor • Jer. 2, Isa. 1, Hos. 4 and Micah 6 |
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Sheol (page 254)
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• abode of the dead
• Speaks to God’s ability to kill and bring back to life • Ezekiel’s vision of the dead bones in chapter 37 speaks to a resurrections • Possibly meaning restoration or ingathering of the exiles • Even God can be present here Psalms 89:48 |
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Yehud (page 284)
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• Post exilic period
• Persian province of Judah • In reference to a geographical area of about 20 miles • It is here the Hebrew Bible is written • Judahites -> judeans (geographical)->jews (cultural/religious) |
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Song of Songs (page 304)
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• In the writings portion of the H B
• Thought to be written by Solomon • Language indicates this is written during Hellenistic period 331-70 ad • Is full of Garden imagery |
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Ezra (page 71/401)
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• Returned to Judah after the edict of Cyrus the Great
• A scribe during post exilic period • Compiled the Torah and Nevi’im and possible the Psalms • Read the Book of the Law to Jerusalem according to Nehemiah • 458-430 • Speaks against exogamy |
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Samaritans (page 282)
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• 722 after the Assyrian conquer Israel
• Renamed it community Samaritian, from Samaria • The same location called Shechem were Dinah was raped • A name which means Guardian or Keeper of the law • Descendants of the two son of Joseph Manasseh and Ephraim |
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Prophetic sign
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• God orders the prophet
• God usually in a vision performs a specific act • God clarifies the meaning of the act • Noted in Hosea 1, Isa. 7, and Jer. 13 |
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Ecstatic prophecy (page 416)
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• Appears in both H B and other cultures
• The prophet is grasped by God or a spirit they behave in a frenzy • Like when Samuel anoints Saul as the first king of Israel • Ecstatic prophecy must be observed or experienced |
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“I Will Praise the Lord of Wisdom” page 440
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• Also called the poem of the righteous sufferer
• A lengthy and elegant literary work • Babylonian god Marduk who caused suffering of an innocent man • In the Hebrew Bible, the prime examples are Job and Ecclesiastes Qoheleth. |
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The confession of Jeremiah page 441
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• Seven complaints against God
• uses the wording of seduction, could be understood as rape • parallel's job's cursing the day he was born • Theodicy meaning struggling with God • 627-587 |
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Qoheleth (page 39/453
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• Hebrew for Ecclesiastes
• The Persian or Hellenistic period • Book bears some Greek influence • Preacher or speaker • Contemporary discourse in essay form • More than likely written by a sage a chacham |
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Leviathan page 451
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• Reappears in apocalyptic literature
• A mordial sea dragon whom God will kill Job 41:5 • death of the leviathan in Isa. 27:1 represents the death of the unredeemed |
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Joel page 253
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• Mentions the cosmic implications of the day of YHWH
• A prophet of ancient Israel the 2nd of the twelve minor prophets • Includes the garden of Eden to the end time • Anticipates a motif that will become apocalyptic trait • urzit (pretime) and endzit (end time) |
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Nehemiah 397
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• Cyrus supports his desire to rebuild Jerusalem wall
• During the time of rebuilding the temple • Serves as the governor of the Persian empire • Deals with the issue of intermarriage |
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Nathan 63/410
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• Rebukes David for the affair and killing of her husband
• Prophet in the court of David • David consults Nathan concerning building a temple • Works with Bathsheba to convince David to name Solomon as successor |
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Ruth 305-306 115-117
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• Moabite woman daughter in law of Naomi
• Boaz acts as next of kin—levirate marriage issue • Ruth seduces Boaz per Naomi instruct • Boaz presents the case of inheritance before the elders • Ruth is a historical book • Main theme is loyalty or faithfulness arising from commitment • Obed is the grandfather of David |
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Sennacherib 30/31
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• King of Assyrian 705-681 BCE
• Provides an account of his conquest • A chronicle of his sieges 2 Kings 18:13-19:37 • 2 Kings he is killed by his sons |
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Ezra on intermarriage page 316
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• Mandates divorce from the returning exiles of foreign wives and their children
• In was in violation of marrying “peoples of the land” Ezra 9:1 and 10:2 |
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Bathsheba page 59/319
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• The wife of Uriah: David’s commander
• After Uriah fails to sleep with his wife, David sends him to his doom • Bathsheba becomes pregnant, the baby dies • Deceives David with Nathan help to have Solomon succeed him as king • 2 Samuel 11-12 |
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Theodicy
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• God’s justice
• Seeks to reconcile human suffering with the belief in a supreme deity who is both all good and all powerful • Either God cannot stop the evil or the devil • Or God can but does not • Job serves as a prime example |
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Fall of Jerusalem page 32
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• Judah falls in 587/6
• King Jehoiachin • Nebuchadnezzar sieges Jerusalem in 598/7 • Exiled numerous Judahites and imprisoned the King • King Zedekiah who Nebuchadnezzar appoints revolt with Egypt • 586 the temple is sacked and the end to the monarchy |
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Samuel page 332
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• Judge and Prophet
• Anoints Saul and David as King • Anoints David as King over Jonathan Saul’s son • Establishes the monacrhy |
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Tamar (in Genesis) 273/274
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• Levirate marriage
• Onan displeases God by “spilling the seed” • Plays the harlot becomes pregnant a result of whoredom • Judah orders her to be burned but discoveries he is the sinner • Proclaimed as more righteous • Gives birth to twin as Perez becomes the line to David • Genesis 38 |
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“day of the Lord (Yahweh)” 252/253
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• Could be the messianic age, the eschatological age, the world to come or the Kingdom of God (Isaiah, Jeremiah and Ezekiel)
• Amos in the 8th century proclaims a “day of darkness, not light” • The Day of Wrath • The assurance of jusice that can remain eternal • It’s timing is only known by God • Amos and Zephaniah states it’s a day of great wrath |
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Second Temple
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• Darius I 522-486 funded and authorized the rebuilding of the temple
• Temple completed in 520-516 • The people of the land “Samaritian” try to prevent the building • Nehemiah is commissioned by Artaxerxes I to rebuild |
