Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
allows direct visualization of heart, through DX and repair of valves, removal of thrombosis
|
open commissurotomy
|
|
|
valve replacement that lasts 7-10 years
|
xenograph (pig)
|
|
|
valve that comes from a cadaver
|
homograft
|
|
|
assessment finds a vibration over the base you can palpate
|
aortic stenosis
|
|
|
true open heart surgery-you are replacing a valve
|
open commissurotomy
|
|
|
valve that comes from a pig-pt. who cannot be on anit-coag. tx will get this
|
xenograft
|
|
|
defects with increased pulm. blood flow
|
ASD, VSD, AVC, PDA
|
|
|
VSD, PS, overriding aorta, right vent. hypertrophy
|
classic form of TOF
|
|
|
? heart prob. do you find weak irregular pulse, diastolic murmur at apex, and atrial dysrhythmias from hypertrophy
|
mitral stenosis
|
|
|
systolic murmur, may have irregular pulse r/t A fib
|
mitral regurg.
|
|
|
prevents blood movement from LA to LV
|
mitral stenosis
|
|
|
innitially asymptomatic, forceful heartbeat, may be palpable, DOE, fatigue, LHF sx
|
aortic regurgitation
|
|
|
blood forced from LV to LA with each beat. LA hypertrophy and dialation
|
mitral regurg
|
|
|
shortening or tearing of leaflet. backflow into lungs
|
mitral regurg
|
|
|
DOE is first symptom, then pulm. edema nad infections
|
mitral stenosis
|
|
|
during diastole, blood regurgitates from aorta to LV, LV dialation to accomodate ^ volume
|
aortic regurg.
|
|
|
diastolic murmur at 3 or4th intercost., widened pulse pressure, marked temporal or carotid pulse "water hammer"pulse
|
aortic regurgitation
|
|
|
DOE-1st, dizziness, syncope, angina, d/c coronary artery bloodflow, d/c pulse pressure
|
aortic stenosis
|
|
|
crecendo-decresendo murmur, systolic murmur
|
aortic stenosis
|
|
|
what should a person with valve disorder do daily?
|
weights
|
|
|
durable valve used in younger pt. prone to emboli..requires coumadin
|
mechanical valve
|
|
|
narrows valve diameter, used for regurgitation
|
annuloplasty
|
|
|
leaflets are sutured to a ring to d/c diameter
|
annuloplasty ring
|
|
|
less likely to cause thromboemboli, less durable
|
tissue valve replacement
|
|
|
RV muscle replaced by scar and adipose tissue, may affect entire heart.
|
arrythmogenic RV
|
|
|
most common cardiomyopathy
|
dialated
|
|
|
tachypnea and tachycardia at rest, dydpnea, activity intolerance, retractions, weight gain, hepatomegaly, failure to trive are sx of?
|
CHF
|
|
|
most common CHD
|
VSD
|
|
|
opening at the lower end of the septum (mitral valve anomalies)
(a chd) |
ASD1
|
|
|
opening near the septum
|
ASD2
|
|
|
opening near the junction of superior vena cava and RA
|
sinus venous defect
|
|
|
incomplete fusion of endocardial cushions
|
ACD
|
|
|
blood flows from higher pressure aorta to the lower pressure pulmonary artery causing a L to R shunt
|
PDA
|
|
|
characteristic machinery like murmur and widened pulse pressure
|
PDA
|
|
|
high blood pressure in upper extremities and bounding pulses, weak or absent femoral pulses, cool LE
|
COA
|
|
|
malformed cusps resulting in a bicuspid rather than tricuspid valve or fusion of cusps
|
valvular aortic stenosis
most common |
|
|
hemodynamic condition deteriorates rapidly and admitted into ICU near death
|
COA
|
|
|
IV sodium nitroprusside, then oral catopril, hydralyzine, and /or propanolol
|
Port-op meds for COA repair
|
|
|
? of surgury is performed to fix COA
|
Thoracotomy..not bypass!!
|
|
|
stricture caused by a fibrous ring below a normal valve
|
subvalvular AS
|
|
|
mild cyanosis that progresses over the first year of life as the pulmonic stenosis worsens. acute episodes of cyanosis and hypoxia
|
TOF
|
|
|
cyanotic NB, older//mild cyanosis or CHF, cardiomegely on X-ray
|
PS
|
|
|
the presence of a patent foramen ovale in necessary until surgury.
What med is given? |
Tricuspid atresia
prostaglandin E |
|
|
pulmonary artery leaves the left ventricle and the aorta exits from the right vent. with no communication b/t the systemic and pulm. circulating systems
|
TGA/TGV
|
|
|
medication tx for PDA
|
indomethican (prostiglandin inhibitor)
|
|
|
serious progressive disease
episodes of myocardial ischimia can result in sudden death |
Aortic stenosis
|
|
|
associated defects such as septal defects or PDA must be present to permit blood to enter systemic circulation/pulm. to allow mixing
|
TGA/v
|
|
|
NB = cyanosis, tachycardia, dysnpea
older = clubbing, chrinic hypoxemia |
Tricuspid atresia
|
|
|
failure to develop a pulmonary artery and an aorta, resulting in a single vessle that overrides both ventricles
|
Truncus art.
|
|
|
chromosomal/genitic, toxoplasmisis, Rubella, maternal drug use, CMV, IDM
|
Causes of CHD
|
