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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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External Ear
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outer ear; mostly composed of the auricle and the external acoustic meatus
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Auricle (Pinna)
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shell-shaped projection encircling the auditory canal opening; directs sound waves toward middle ear; elastic cartilage
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External Auditory Canal (Meatus)
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extends from the auricle to the eardrum; passageway for sound waves
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Tympanic Membrane
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middle ear; eardrum; outer surface is skin & inner surface is mucous membrane; vibrates in response to sound waves
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Eustachian Tube
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connects middle ear to pharynx; equalize pressure on either side of eardrum by swallowing or yawning
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Auditory Ossicles
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tympanic cavity spanned by three smallest bones in body: malleus, incus, stapes; articulate to form a lever system that amplifies and transmits vibration of eardrum to fluids of inner ear;
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Semicircular Canals
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inner ear of bony labyrinth; each canal houses a receptor organ for dynamic equilibrium= crista ampullaris
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Vestibule
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inner ear of bony labyrinth; receptor organs for static equilibrium= maculae
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Cochlea
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inner ear of bony labyrinth; snail shaped & contains sensory receptors for hearing= organ of corti
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Vestibulococohlear Nerve
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inner ear; 8th nerve; hearing and balance
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Round Window
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pressure valve, allows for movement of fluid in inner ear
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Oval Window
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vibrates in response to vibrating stapes and causes movement of fluid in inner ear
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Organ of Corti
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supported by cochlea; contains the receptors for hearing
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Maculae in Utricle
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inner ear; respond to horizontal movements and tilting the head side to side
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Maculae in Saccule
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inner ear; respond to vertical movements
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Crista Ampullaris in ampulla
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consists of a tuft of hair cells covered with cupula (gel-like mass); major stimuli are rotatory movements
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Two adaptions for external acoustic meatus?
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ceruminous glands & hair
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Myringotomy
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lancing of eardrum
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Inner Ear
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'labyrinth'=maze; divisions- bony labyrinth & membranous labyrinth
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bony labyrinth
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tortuous channels worming through the bone, filled with perilymph; regions: vestibule, semicircular canals, cochlea
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membranous labyrinth
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membranes within bony labyrinth, everything in blue, interior contains endolymph
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Scalae
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parts of bony cochlea
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Where are equilibrium receptors located?
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in the semicircular canals and in the vestibule of the ear
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The final step in perceiving sound is
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the auditory cortex is stimulated
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What part(s) of the ear are involved with hearing?
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external & middle
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What part(s) of the ear functions in both hearing & equilibrium?
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Internal ear (labyrinth)
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Receptor organ for static equilibrium?
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vestibule in inner ear
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Receptor organ for dynamic equilibrium?
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semicircular canals
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