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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is a pshychoactive drug
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those that alter a persons experiences or consiousness can cause intoxication
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characteristics of addictive behavior
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reinforcement: physical and psychological with regards to pleasure or reduction to negative ones
compulsion or craving: time energy and money are spent to pursue the behavior normal behavior already degenerated loss of control: addicted ppl lose the ability to control their behavior escalation: more of the substance is required over time to produce desired effects negative consequences: behavior continues regardless of consequences |
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characteristics of ppl with addictions
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those w/ addiction share characteristics
many use drug as substitute for healthy coping strategies more trouble w/ stress & painful emotions genetic factors problems w/ impulse control self regulation tend to be risk factors we all engage in potentially addictive behavior |
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charactersitcs of substance abuse
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failure to fulfill major responsibilities
drug use in situations that are hazardous drug related legal problems drug use despite persistent or social interpersonal problems patterns of use may be constant or sporadic and physical dependence may or may not be present |
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characteristics of drug dependency
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developing tolerance to substance
experiencing withdrawal taking in larger amnts. expressing persistent desire to cut down spending great deal of time obtaining giving up or reducing important activities continual usage even w/ recognition of a problem * diagnosed w/ at least 3 or more in a 12 month period |
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what is addicitve behavior
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habits that have gotten out of control w/ a resulting negative effect on a person's health
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what is addiction
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habitual use of a drug produces chemical changes in user's body
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psychological risks of addiciton
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difficulty in controlling impulses
strong need for excitement feelings of rejection hostility agression anxiety mental illness |
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social factors of addiction
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growing up in family w/ drug abuse
peer group poverty |
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what are opoids
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natural or synthetic: relieve pain, cause drowsiness, and induce euphoria
reduce anxity produce lethargy and ability to concentrate overdose from narcotics have killed more ppl than cocaine and heroine |
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types of opoids (narcotics)
and uses |
opium, morphine, heroin, methadone, codeine, hydrocodone, oxycodone, meperidine and fentanly
methods: injection, snorting, sniffing or smoking small doses: beneficial medical use produce addiction |
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what do central nervous system depressents do
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slows down overall activity of CNS
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types of CNS depressents
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alcohol, barbiturates, sedatives, tranquilizers, Klonopin, GHB(date rape)
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effects of CNS depressants
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reduces anxiety and causes mood changes
impairs muscular coordination, slurring, sleep medical uses long term can lead to poor health and brain damage CNS depressant and alcohol are very dangerous when combined |
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what do CNS stimulants do
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speed up activity of the nervous or muscular system
heart rate, blood pressure and motor activity rise |
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types of CNS stimulants and how to use
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cocaine (coke, snow)
smoke, snort, inject produces euphoria that lasts 5 to 20 min. snort: takes 2-3 min to reach brain smoke or inject: reaches faster amphetimines: uppers, methamphetamine, speed, crank, ice, crystal |
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effects of cocaine
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persistant bleeding, ulcers, paranoia, ,agrressiveness
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effects of amphetamines
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small dose: more alert, increase motor activy, couner acts fatigue and boredom, reduces appetite
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most widely used illegal drug in U.S.
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marijuana (weed, reefer, joint)
smoked/ ingested |
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active ingrediant in marijuana
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tetrahydrocannabinol
(THC) |
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effects of weed
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euphoria, heightened sensory experiences, slow down of perception, relaxed laid back attitude, feeling of depersonalization
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long term effects of weed
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respitory damage and change in lung tissue that promote cancer growth
tolerance and dependence can occur |
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what are hallucinogens
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altered state of consciousness perceptions, feelings, and thoughts
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types of hallucinogens and how to use
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LSD, Mascaline, DMT, ectasy, ketamine (special K date rape) PCP (angel dust) and certain shrooms
-ingested or smoked |
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effects of hallucinogens
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synesthesia, feelings of depersonalization in the perceived realtionship b/t the self and external reality
-no physical dependence or withdrawal symptoms feedback/flashbacks may occur |
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what are inhalants and what do they do
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nealry all produce effects similar to anesthetics
slow down bodies functions, heightens pleasure and leads to death |
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types of inhalants and how to use
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voltaile solvents
aerosol niitrates, anesthetics sniff, snort, bag, huff |
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risks of inhalants
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suffocation, nervous system damage, memory and hearing loss, increased risk for cancer and liver damage
are inexpensive and legal in their forms |
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what is codependency:
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applies to those who are close to individual that is addict
focused upon protecting or coping enabling behavior treatment often involves the whole family |
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preventing drug use
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developing persuasive anti drug educational programs
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world's most well known phychoactive drug
responsible for ? deaths a year |
alcohol
85,000 leading cause of death among 15-24 year olds |
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what is proof
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alcohol content of a dstilled beverage: twice the % of alcohol by weight
ex. 90 proof whiskey > 45% alcohol beer: 3-6% alcohol hard liquors: 35-50% alcohol |
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one drink refers to
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12 oz. bottle of beer,
5 oz glass of wine 1.5 oz of hard liquor |
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ingestion of alcohol
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7 calories per gram of alcohol
1 drink a/b 14-17 grams or 100-120 caloris |
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metabolism of alcohol
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chemical transformation of food and other substances in they body into energy and wastes
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absorption of alcohol
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20% rapidly absorped into stomach
75% absorps into the upper and small intestne 2-10% excreted by lungs, kidneys, ans sweat glands remaining absorbed along GI tract |
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decrease or increase rate or absorbtion
carbonated beverages food in stomach artificial sweetners drinks of high concentration (dilution) |
increase
decrease increase decrease |
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excretion of alcohol
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transported throughout body via bloodstream
easily moves through most biological membranes main site for metabolism is liver 2-20% of ingested alcohol is not metabolized |
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what is BAC
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blood alcohol concentration
measure of intoxication determined by the amnt. of alcohol consumed ina given time and individual factors |
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individual factors of BAC
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body and weight
percent of body fat sex men have 4 times more enzyme to break down faster |
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BAC .03-.05%
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low cencentration
relaxed, sleepy |
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BAC 0.1-0.2%
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higher concentration
really sleepy, angry |
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BAC .35%
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alcohol induced coma
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effects of alcohol abuse
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disease of digestive cardiovascular and some cancers
liver function, cirohosis of liver |
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what is sidestream smoke
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20-200 x more carcinogens than mainstream
responsible for 35,000 deaths per year |
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what can be done to deter tobacco
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local laws,
state and federal laws international laws individual action (complaints) |
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medications that help stop smoking
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chantix zyban
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when smokers quit
20 min 8 hrs. 24 hrs. 2 weeks to 3 months 1-9 months 1 year 5 years 10 yrs 15 yrs |
blood pressure drops to level close to that before last cigarette temp of hands and feet return to normal
-carbon monoxide level in blood returns to normal -circulation improves and lung function increases up to 30% regain normal function in lungs excess risk of coronary heart disease half as less as smoker -stroke risk reduced -lung cancer death rate is about half taht of continuing ssmokers -risk of heart disease that of non smokers |
