Health Psychology. Review. Exam 1

Front 1

Meichenbaum’s pain management program includes a re-conceptualization state, a skill rehearsal stage and a follow through stage, which makes this approach similar to

Back 1

The stress inoculation program.

Front 2

Qi gong is…

Back 2

A series of movements that offer therapeutic benefits

Front 3

A survey of people in the US indicates how many people use alternative medicine?

Back 3

63% or 36%

Front 4

Relaxation training has been found to be the most successful in…

Back 4

managing stress and stress-related pain

Front 5

As a means of pain control, acupuncture…

Back 5

Is as effective as drug treatment for some people but not for others

Front 6

The type of spinal stimulation that is most effective in controlling pain is…

Back 6

stimulation from implanted devices that stimulate the spinal cord

Front 7

The theory of pain proposed by Melzack has been call what theory?

Back 7

Specificity Theory

Front 8

What neurotransmitters decrease pain _________and which one’s increase pain?

Back 8

- Endorphin - decrease pain
- Glutamate and substance P increase pain

Front 9

More than half of all sensory afferents are

Back 9

Action potentials

Front 10

About what percentage of people who receive opiates during hospital stay are addicts?

Back 10

Less than 4% (p.189)

Front 11

What percentage of back pain is caused by physical causes?

Back 11

20%

Front 12

What gender is more likely to not to report pain?

Back 12

Male

Front 13

The substantia gelatinosa is

Back 13

A structure that receives sensory input from the A and C fibers (see Figure 7.1).

Front 14

When a child has a chronic insentivity to pain what can happen?

Back 14

A child cannot feel (and has never felt) physical pain.

Front 15

What can people suffer after they have had a traumatic experience themselves

Back 15

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Front 16

Psychoneuroimmunology research revealed

Back 16

 The interactions among behavior, the nervous system, the endocrine system, and the immune system by demonstrating that behavior can affect the immune system and that disease can result from these effects

Front 17

Autoimmune disease occur when

Back 17

The immune system attacks the body, for reasons not well understood. (P.138)

Front 18

What is the correlation between stress and disease?

Back 18

Stress may be a factor that causes disease but stress does not seem to be a major cause of either physiological or psychological disorders

Front 19

Stress can play a role in which diabetes or both?

Back 19

To the development of both types of diabetes (p. 151)

Front 20

What is the relationship among the three factors, psychoneuroimmunology research can be successful?

Back 20

 Ideally, research should include all three components – psychological distress, immune system malfunction, and development of disease – in order to establish the connection between stress and disease. (p.140)

Front 21

Nonspecific immune system response

Back 21

Is inflammation, which works to restore tissues that have been damaged by invaders

Front 22

Lazarus saw stress as stemming from

Back 22

Lazarus held that people are harmed by negative life events only if they perceive those events as being personally important, are in a vulnerable state, and believe that they lack the ability to successfully cope with those events

Front 23

Epinephrine is..

Back 23

 Produced exclusively by the adrenal medulla and accounts for about 80% of the hormone production of the adrenal glands.

Front 24

The space between the neurons is called

Back 24

the synaptic cleft

Front 25

The main function of the immune system is to..

Back 25

Defend the body against foreign invaders

Front 26

Lazarus viewed life experiences as…

Back 26

 Richard Lazarus saw a person's perception of an event as more important than the event itself. His transactional view emphasizes psychological factors (such as cognitive mediation), appraisal, vulnerability, and coping. (From lecture. Chap 5)

Front 27

During periods of extreme stress, what mobilizes the” fight or flight” response

Back 27

Allostasis (lecture, chap 5)

Front 28

Individual nerve cells are called?

Back 28

Neurons

Front 29

Which of these personal characteristics is generally the most accurate predictor of patient compliance

Back 29

The amount of pain the patient experiences.

Front 30

Those who do not share a cultural belief in Western medicine may comply with

Back 30

 may not comply with physician's advice but may comply with a practitioner from the same cultural tradition

Front 31

What age group would have the highest adherence to colorectal screening for cancer?

Back 31

70

Front 32

The theory of reasoned action assumes that behavioral intentions are a function of

Back 32

A function of people's attitudes toward the behavior, which are determined by their beliefs that the behavior will lead to positively or negatively valued outcomes.

Their subjective norm, which is shaped by their perception of the value that significant others place on that behavior and by their motivation to comply with those norms

Front 33

The technique of motivational interviewing may be applied to adherence

Back 33

To prepare the patient to enact the behaviors necessary for adherence

Front 34

Compares with male physicians, female physicians show what difference?

Back 34

Spend more time with patients

Front 35

The personal belief that a treatment is ineffective or harmful

Back 35

Decrease patient compliance

Front 36

Which industrialized nations has the greatest restriction on health care?

Back 36

The United States, Germany & Switzerland. (P. 8) (Not sure)

Front 37

What age group of persons would be more likely seek health care and why?

Back 37

 Older adults because they must decide whether their symptoms are due to aging or result of disease

Front 38

The function of illness behavior is to..

Back 38

 Illness behavior, which takes place before an official diagnosis, is directed toward determining health status in the presence of symptoms

Front 39

Weinstein’s model assumes that when people begin to set behaviors designed to protect them from harm they go through certain stages, What is the name of the model?

Back 39

The Precaution Adoption Process Model

Front 40

In the precaution process model, Stages 4 and 5, people have to decide what?

Back 40

To take action whereas in the parallel stage 5, people decide that action is unnecessary

Front 41

The aspect of Weinstein’s precaution adaption process model where is the greatest amount of research been done, what stage?

Back 41

Stage 2

Front 42

Finding a label for symptoms is

Back 42

Conceptualization of disease

Front 43

Besides subjective norms and people’s attitudes toward behavior, the theoretical model that includes the notion of perceived behavioral control is the..

Back 43

The theory of Reasoned Action

Front 44

When one does not use common sense for health related behaviors the model fails to include…

Back 44

Such factors as ethnic background, having a regular place to go for health care, self-efficacy, intentions to behave, and social norms

Front 45

Which of the trends with psychology is most compatible with the biopsychosocial view

Back 45

 The biomedical model of disease is compatible with infectious disease that were the leading causes of death 100 years ago.

Front 46

In the US, young people ages 15 to 24 have a low mortality rate, but those who die are mostly like to die from name 2…

Back 46

- Unintentional injuries
- homicide

Front 47

During the past 30 years, death rate from heart disease in the US has declined. At the same time what has happened to medical cost?

Back 47

Medical costs have increased

Front 48

Behavioral medicine assumes

Back 48

A link between individual behaviors and health

Front 49

Key elements in the theory of reasoned action include…

Back 49

That behavioral intentions are a function of people's attitude towards behavior and subjective norms

Front 50

The sympathetic nervous system

Back 50

Mobilizes the body’s resources in emergency, stressful, and emotional situations