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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is health?
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A complete state of physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of infirmary
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What are the three domains of a positive,multidimensional state of health?
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1. Physical Health
2. Psychological Health 3. Social Health |
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How was illness viewed in the Stone Age?
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Caused by evil spirits
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How was illness viewed in the Middle Ages?
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Seen as God's punishment
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How was illness viewed in the Renaissance?
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Organ & Cell Pathology
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How was illness viewed in the Mid 1700's?
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Caused by capillary tension
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How was illness viewed in the 1800's?
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Seen as better than the treatment
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How was illness viewed in the 1900's
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Seen through the paradigm of the Biomedical model
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How has illness viewed since 1960?
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Seen through the paradigm of the Biopsychosocial model
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The microscope was developed during which period?
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The Renaissance
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Hippocrates thought all illness was caused by a imbalance of what?
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The four humors
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During which period were people most likely to die from treatment than the disease?
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The 1800's
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What was John Snow famous for?
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His distribution map of Cholera deaths
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What is the basis of most modern medicine?
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Germ Theory
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The paradigm that argues all disease caused by a pathogens and has a purely phsyical cause is called?
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The Biomedical Model
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A virus, bacterium, or some other microorganism that causes a particular disease sate is called?
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A virus
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Which model maintains that the mind and body are different?
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The Biomedical model
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The Biomedical model is best with dealing with which kind of illness?
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Acute illnesses
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What are the defining characteristics of the Biomedical model?
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- Reductionistic
- Mind-body dualism - Illness over health |
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What are the defining characteristics of the Biopsychosocial model?
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- Macroscopic
- Holistic - Health and illness |
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What is the pattern change in illness from 1900's to the present?
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Main cause of death from acute illness to chronic illness
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The rate of death is called?
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Mortality
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The rate of illness in a population is called?
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Morbidity
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What are the two parts to the Central Nervous System?
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- The brain
- The spinal cord |
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What are the two parts of the nervous system?
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- The central nervous system
- The peripheral nervous system |
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What are the two parts of the Peripheral Nervous system?
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- The somatic system
- The autonomic nervous system |
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What are the two parts of the Autonomic nervous system?
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- The sympathetic division
- The parasympathetic system |
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What is the role of the Somatic nervous system?
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Controls voluntary muscles
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What is the role of the Autonomic nervous system?
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Controls involuntary muscles
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What is the role of the sympathetic division?
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Expends energy
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What is the role of the parasympathetic division?
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Conserves energy
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What are the major functions of the Cerebral Cortex?
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- Sensory perception
- Voluntary control of movement - Language - Personality traits - Sophisticated mental traits |
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What are the major functions of the Basal Nuclei?
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- Inhibition of muscle tone
- Coordination of slow, sustained movements - Suppression of useless patterns of movements |
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What are the major functions of the Thalamus?
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- Relay station for all synaptic input
- Crude awareness of sensation - Some degree of consciousness - Role in motor control |
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What are the major functions of the Hypothalamus?
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- Regulation of many homeostatic functions
- Important link between nervous and endocrine systems - Extensive involvement with emotion and basic behavioral patterns - The three F's: Feeding, Fighting, Fucking |
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What are the major functions of the Cerebellum?
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- Maintenance of balance
2. Enhancement of muscle tone 3. Coordination and planning of skilled voluntary muscle activity |
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What are the major functions of the Brain Stem (Midbrain, Pons, Medulla)?
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- Origin of majority of peripheral cranial nerves
- Cardiovascular, respiratory, and digestive control centers - Regulation of muscle reflexes involved with equilibrium and posture - Reception and integration of all synaptic input from spinal cord; arousal and activation of cerebral cortex - Role in sleep-wake cycle |
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What are the parts of the Limbic system?
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- Hypothalamus
- Hippocampus - Amygdala - Pituitary Gland |
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What are the major functions of the Hippocampus?
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- Involved in the formation of memory and navigation of space
- Storing emotional memories - Shrinks in response to stress |
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What is the major function of the Amygdala?
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- "The seed of emotion"
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A chronic, non-progressive disorder of muscular control stemming from early brain damage?
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Cerebral Palsy
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A progressive degeneration of basal ganglia, resulting in extrapyramidal symptoms (tremors, rigidity, and slowness of movement)?
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Parkinson's Disease
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TRAP is a way to remember the symptoms of Parkinson's, what does TRAP stand for?
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Tremor
Rigidity Akensia(sp) Postural instability |
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A demyelination of nerve fibers?
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Multiple Sclerosis
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An inherited disorder characterized by abnormal body movements called chorea, and loss of memory?
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Huntington's disease
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Dopamine is thought to play a major role in which disease of the CNS?
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Huntington's disease
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The concept of Flight or flight is associated with which nervous system?
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Sympathetic nervous system
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Which system counteracts the effects of the sympathetic nervous system?
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The parasympathetic nervous system
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Which nervous system deals with the vital functions but not emergencies?
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The parasympathetic nervous system
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What items contribute to the Cardiovascular system?
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- The heart
- Blood vessels - Blood |
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What is the function of blood?
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- Carries oxygen from the lungs to the tissue
- Carries carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs - Carries waste products to the kidneys and hormones from the endocrine system to the peripheral organs |
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What is the role of the arteries?
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- Carries oxygen rich blood to the organs
- Veins return blood to the heart - Controls peripheral circulation, dilating or constricting as needed. |
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How many chambers does the heart have?
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Four
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Caused by deposits of cholesterol and other substances on the arterial walls?
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Atherosclerosis
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Chest pain resulting in insufficient or adequate CO2 removal?
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Angina Pectoris
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Heart attack, where a clot blocks flow of blood to heart?
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Myocardial Infarction
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During a heart attack a section of the heart what?
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It dies
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The force blood exerts against the blood vessel walls, systole and diastole?
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Blood Pressure
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The most blood is flowing during which stage?
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Systole
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The least blood is flowing during which stage?
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Diastole
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What are the two areas of the pituitary?
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- Anterior pituitary
- Posterior pituitary |
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What is the role of the Anterior pituitry?
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Secretes hormones into the blood system.
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What are the two hormones that the Adrenal Medulla release?
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- Epinephrine
- Norepinephrine |
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What is the most essential portion of the Immunological memory?
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Antibodies
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