Health Psychology

Front 1

What are some things that influence health care?

Back 1

Life expectancy
Changing patterns of disease
Cost of health care
Lifestyle
Behavior

Front 2

What is Cannon's theory on health?

Back 2

Cannon 1932 - emotional stress = physical disease

Front 3

What is Dunbar's theory on health psychology?

Back 3

Dunbar 1943 – personality related to illness

Front 4

What is Selye's theory on health psychology?

Back 4

Selye 1956 – physical pathways of stress

Front 5

What does theory bring to the table?

Back 5

-Generation of research
-Organize and explain observations from research
-A guide to action in practice

Front 6

What are some common types of research designs?

Back 6

-Correlation
-Cross sectional
-Longitudinal
-Experimental or randomized clinical trials (gold standard)
-Ex post facto
-Meta analysis

Front 7

What is the Alameda County Study?

Back 7

A study that looks at how different factors of lifestyle affect health (ex: smoking, excercise, social support etc.)

Front 8

What is the Framingham Study?

Back 8

A study that looked at relative risk factors for heart disease like obesity, gender, hypertention etc.

Front 9

What definition of health did the World Health organization give for health in 1946?

Back 9

That health was not only physical, but it was mental and social as well.

Front 10

When did psychosomatic medicine come about? What model does it emphasize?

Back 10

1940’s (psychodynamic model)

Front 11

When was the Yale conference? What did it focus on?

Back 11

Behavioral Medicine” – 1977
Multidisciplinary focus on behavioral influences on health

Front 12

When did the biopsychosocial model come about?

Back 12

1977

Front 13

What factors does the Health belief model take into consideration when debating health?

Back 13

-Perceived susceptibility
-Perceived severity
-Perceived benefits
-Perceived barriers

Front 14

What does the theory of reasoned action take into consideration when debating health?

Back 14

Individual beliefs (attitudes/health beliefs)
+ Social influences (subjective norms)
= Intentions > Behavior

Front 15

What factors does the theory of planned behavior take into consideration when debating theory?

Back 15

Attitudes (health beliefs)
+ Subjective Norms (reasoned action)
+ Perceived control (self-efficacy)
= Intentions > Behavior

Front 16

What is the theory of precaution adaption look like?

Back 16

7 stages of decision making (similar to stages of change model)

Front 17

What are some common criticisms about health theories?

Back 17

-Don’t account for social-cultural barriers, personal habits and lifestyles
-But all have some value and are useful for some people and problems

Front 18

What are some personal factors that effect health?

Back 18

stress, coping, habits, emotions

Front 19

What are some gender factors that effect health?

Back 19

women seek help more, men less on average

Front 20

What are some age factors that effect health behaviors?

Back 20

adolescents/young adults and older adults; children dependent on families

Front 21

Why might culutre and ethnicity effect health seeking behaviors?

Back 21

may foster increased or decreased seeking or adherence or alter nature of methods sought

Front 22

Why might severity of symptoms effect health seeking behaviors?

Back 22

perceived severity in terms of daily living or pain (not objective severity)

Front 23

Why might conceptualization of a particular disease effect health seeking behaviors?

Back 23

Identity, cause, time line, consequences, controllability

Front 24

What is Medicaid?

Back 24

Medicaid – poor, disabled (or children) – managed by states

Front 25

What is medicare?

Back 25

Medicare – 65+ retired/elderly – federal govt

Front 26

What are some institutional hospital issues?

Back 26

-Managing environment for everyone
-Risk management
-Uniformity
-Staffing resources
-Staffing quality

Front 27

What is the patient experience like in the hospital? What are some issues that they face?

Back 27

-Lack of control/dependency/inactivity
-Isolation/loneliness
-Disruption/distraction/over stimulation
-Amount of information/decisions
-Sickness/pain/distress
-Cost

Front 28

What is the behavioral theory of health psychology all about?

Back 28

reinforcement, modeling, cueing, contracting

Front 29

What is the theory of self efficacy all about?

Back 29

situation specific sense of control and ability developed via behavioral experience, modeling, reinforcement, persuasion

Front 30

What is the theory of reasoned action all about?

Back 30

Reasoned Action – attitudes + social influences + sense of control

Front 31

What are the transtheoretical stages of change?

Back 31

*Precontemplation - awareness
*Contemplation - motivation
*Preparation – skill building, resource development
Action – change steps
*Maintenance – relapse prevention

Front 32

What are some ways to measure compliance?

Back 32

-Self report – interviews, surveys, diaries
-Provider reports
-Others reports – family, hospital staff
-Pill counts, appointment records – personal or electronic
-Biochemical evidence
-Combined

Front 33

What is the average compliance rate?

Back 33

25-50%

Front 34

What are some factors that effect compliance?

Back 34

-Conceptualization of Disease and Perception of Severity
-Nature of Treatment
-Personal Issues
-Economic factors
-Cultural Norms
-Dr/Patient issues (communication etc)

Front 35

What is a behavioral intervention?

Back 35

Behavioral – tailored to person, helping change daily habits, routines, build social support, manage emotions, change thoughts

Front 36

What is a multidisciplinary intervention?

Back 36

collaborative care covered multiple levels of needs, repetitive, with patient in center of care circle