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26 Cards in this Set

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Health psychology
Bidirectional relationships between psychology (thoughts, feelings, attitudes, beliefs, motivations...) and health
Hippocrates’ Humoral theory of illness
( 4 fluids and you need a balance between all 4 as they control illness and personality
Plato =

Body separate from mind ( independent process)

Body separate from mind ( independent process)
Galen=
localization of illness in the body
Middle ages:

church exercised control over medicine (not much medical research)

church exercised control over medicine (not much medical research)
Renaissaince :
Descarates breakthrough ( body is a machine, mind and body communicate through the brain, life ends at death= autopsies began)
18th and 19th centuries
great advances in technology and science
Descarates 1664 :
Pain pathway ( CNS) Earliest form of pain processing
Biomedical model

Physical or biological causes and aspects of disease. Conceptualizing disease as all physical. Target specific parts of the body where disease occurs ( localization)

Physical or biological causes and aspects of disease. Conceptualizing disease as all physical. Target specific parts of the body where disease occurs ( localization)
Stress as
Stress as Stress as a stimulus (stressor) , Stress as a response, Stress as a process
Yerkes-Dodson Law( 1908)
optimum levels of arousal = optimal performance
Primary appraisal
relevant to me is it good or bad
Secondary appraisal
can I cope with it?
Reappraisal
( reinterpretation cognitive reappraisal involves changing the reaction)
Acceptance
( deal with it )
Distraction
( finding an outlet)
Rumination
( repeated thinking of negative emotions + thinking)
Process of (most) pain:
Stimulation at local tissue site(noxious stimulation)
― Chemicals released->inflammation and activation of nerve endings.

Nerves transmit message to spinal cord (via nociceptors), then to brain ― Travels through many brain regions

Placebo effect:
positive effect that results not from the treatment itself but purely from patient’s belief or expectations in treatment
Nocebo
worsening of symptoms purely based on expectations
Syndrome
cluster of symptoms with unknown reason
Treatment of FGID
Psychological therapies:CBT, mindfulness etc
HPA Axis
Brain gut axis, connects neurons in the brain to neurons in the gut
Functional syndromes
no organic cause, medically unexplained
Biopsychosocial model
intricate interaction between biological, psychological and social factors. Used to examine FGIDs