Health Promo Plaque Control

Front 1

Evidence of plaque as etiological factor?

Back 1

1) association of microbial plaque w/ gingivitis and periodontitis
2) specific bacteria for specific forms of perio disease
3) bacterai can damage tissue or activate tissue damiging host response
4) caries studies in gnotobiotic animals

Front 2

What did the study by Loe et al demonstrate?

Back 2

the relationship b/w plaque and gingivitis in humans

-subjects stopped brushing teeth and w/i 7-21 days everybody developed gingivitis.
-gram neg bacteria domianted

Front 3

which tooth surface accumulates the least amount of plaque?

Back 3

lingual

Front 4

where does most plaque accumulate?

Back 4

interproximals of posteriors

Front 5

What is the percent reduction in plaque and gingival bleeding by powered toothbrushes?

Back 5

11% plaque reduction
6% bleeding reduction

Front 6

who benefits from powred tooth brushes

Back 6

1) children and adolescence
2) children with disabilities
3) hospitilized patients
4) patients w/ fixed ortho appliences

Front 7

who does not beenfit from powred toothbrudhes?

Back 7

patients with rheumatoid arthritis, chronic periodontitis, and good brushers

Front 8

what are some abrasives in dentrifices?

Back 8

silicone oxides, aluminum oxides,granular polyvinyl chlorides, calcium pyrophosphates, and calcium carbonate.

Front 9

what percent of dentrifices contain fluoride?

Back 9

90%

Front 10

what is the percent comp of surfactants in dentrifices?

Back 10

1-3%

Front 11

what is the percent comp of abrasives in dentrifices?

Back 11

20-40%

Front 12

hpw much faster is dentin abraded compared to enamel? what about cementum?

Back 12

25 times faster than enamel
35 times faster than enamel

Front 13

what is the percent comp of binders in dentrifices?

Back 13

1-2%

Front 14

what is the percent comp of humectants in dentrifices?

Back 14

20-60%

Front 15

function of humectants?

Back 15

retain moisture and prevent hardening

Front 16

what is the percent comp of water in dentrifices?

Back 16

15-50%

Front 17

what amount must flouride be present in dentrifices to be effective?

Back 17

about 1000ppm

Front 18

function of potassium nitrate and strontium chloride in dentrifices?

Back 18

desensitizing agents

Front 19

function of pyrophosphates in dentrifices?

Back 19

anticalculus agents

Front 20

how do anticalculus agents work?

Back 20

interfere w/ crystal formation of calculus, but does not affect flouride in paste or increase tooth sensitivity.
-does not affect SUBGINGIVAL calculus
-does not affect EXISITING calculus
-reduce supragingival calculus by about 30%

Front 21

function of zin in dentrifices?

Back 21

-traps phosphates
-inhibits nucleation of calculus and coats crystal

Front 22

function of gantrez?

Back 22

-traps phosphates
-inhibits nucleation of calculus and coats crystal

Front 23

function of triclosan?

Back 23

anti-gingivitis agent

antibiotic?

Front 24

types of stains:

Back 24

1) intrinsic
-part of tooth structure
-not removable by mechanical action, but can be bleached

2) extrinsic
-tooth surface
-caused by food, drink, and smoking
-can be mechanically removed by prophy or abrasive dentrifices

Front 25

what are examples of intrinsic staining?

Back 25

1) TETRACYCLINE STAIN
2) FLUOROSIS
3) DISCOLORATION FROM AGING

Front 26

what brushing technique for perio patients?

Back 26

Bass technique (vibrating) w/ sulcular emphasis

Front 27

brushing technique for kids?

Back 27

scrub method
-horizontal

Front 28

describe the Bass and Modified Bass methods of brushing:

Back 28

1) place brush parallel to occlusal plane
2) bristles placed at ging. margin w/ 45% angle
3) firm back-and-forth brushing for 10 strokes.
---concentrates on apical 1/3 of crown and ging sulci
4) Modified bass-roll bristles toward occlusal
5) repeat above for next 3 teeth anteriorly until all surfaces and arches are done
6) redo everything for the occlusal surfaces

Front 29

describe the Stillmen method of brushing:

Back 29

same as Bass method, except the SIDES of the bristles are used instead of the ENDS!!
-penetration into ging sulci is avoided
-RECOMMENDED FOR PATIENTS WITH GINGIVAL RECESSION AND ROOT EXPOSURE
----PREVENTS ABRASIVE TISSUE DESTRUCTION

Front 30

describe the Charters method of brushing:

Back 30

bristles point 45 degress AWAY from gingiva.
-ends dont touch gingiva
-sides of bristles mussage gingiva to increase bloodflow

-SUITABLE FOR TEMP CLEANING IN AREAS OF HEALING WOUNDS AFTER PERIODONTAL SURGERY

Front 31

where does perio usually develop?

Back 31

interpoximals

Front 32

specific interdental cleaning tools are recommended based on:

Back 32

1) size of interdental space
2) presence of furcation
3) tooth alignment
4) presence of ortho appliances or fixed prosthesis

Front 33

negative of dental floss?

Back 33

often misses plaque on root groove surfaces and furcations

Front 34

specific flosses are recommend based on?

Back 34

tightness of tooth contacts
roughness of proximal surfaces
patients manual dexterity

Front 35

dental floss technique?

Back 35

-floss must contact line angle to line angle of proximal surface
-must glean subgingival area

1) grab 12-18 inch floss
2) move thru contact point via back-forth motion
3) wrap around prox surf and move to marginal ging
4) move across to adjecent tooth and do the same
5) rpeat for whole dentition

Front 36

how low is the use of floss?

Back 36

only 8%

Front 37

what interdental cleaning devices are recommended for patients w/ perio or exposed root surfaces?

Back 37

interproximal brushes and others

Front 38

massaging gingiva causes

Back 38

1) epithelial thickening
2) increased keratinization
3) increased blood circulation
4) increased mitotic activity

-not in sulcular epithelium and interdental gingiva

Front 39

oral irrigator benefit?

Back 39

-clean non-adherent bacteria and debris better than toothbrushes and mouthrinses
-distrupts and detoxified subgingival plaque
-can deliver antimicrobial agents into periodontal pockets
-particularly beneficial for ortho appliances and fixed prostheses

Front 40

SUBGINGIVAL irrigation w/ H20 or chlorohexidine?

Back 40

chlorohexidine diluted to 1/3 produces significant results.

water is not effective in flushing SUBGINGIVALLY
-it is effective for SUPRAGINGIVAL irrigation

Front 41

is SUBGINGIVAL irrigation recommended for patients requiring antibiotic prophylaxis before dental treatment?

Back 41

no, especially if inflammation is present b/c of transient bacteremia.

-SUPRAGINGIVAL irrigation IS recommended

Front 42

is one-time SUBGINGIVAL irrigation at the dental office effective?

Back 42

no, better during routine home use

Front 43

difference b/w root surface vs crown surface?

Back 43

root surface (cementum) has more organic material. once demin has occured, collagen is exposed.
--leads to rapid decay

Front 44

what amoutn of flouride is more effective in dentrifices, 1000 or 5000?

Back 44

5000ppm

Front 45

patients with many caries or at high risk should use what conc flouride dentrifices?

Back 45

5000ppm

Front 46

what are the 2 ADA accepted agents for the treatment of gingivitis?

Back 46

1) chlorohexidine digluconate
2) essential oils

Front 47

chlorohexidine digluconate side effects?

Back 47

1) brown staining
2) impairment of taste perception

Front 48

what essential oils are used in oral rinses?

Back 48

thymol, eucalyptol, menthol, and methyl salicylate

Front 49

triclosan in toothpaste is more effective w/?

Back 49

zinc citrate and copolymer of methoxyethylene

Front 50

what is a disclosing agent?

Back 50

stains bacteria to analyze oral hygene effectiveness

Front 51

what is the Plaque Index of Silness and Loe?

Back 51

more convenient plaque index that does not require staining.

Front 52

what is the bleeding point index?

Back 52

provides evaluation for gingival inlammation .

-prome 1mm into gingival sulcus and drag. wait 30sec and check for bleeding.

Front 53

what is Targetted hygeine?

Back 53

access to gingival margins of all tooth surfaces during brushing