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26 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
mastication
mechanical breakdown, chewing
salvary amylase
water solution, contains enzymes- breaks down carbs
Mouth and Teeth
1.mastication
2.saliva/salivary amylase
3.cleans teeth
4.neutralizes acids
papillae
small projections on surface of tounge
Tounge
1.papillae
2.taste buds (sweet, sourt, salty, bitter)
bolus
ball of food
pharynx
back of the throat
uvula
covers opeining to naval passages
epiglottis
covers trachea
Swallowing
1.food into bolus
2.pused to phayrnx
3.uvula
4.epiglottis
5.stop breathing momentarily
peristalsis
involuntary muscle contractions, moves food
Esophogus
tube from pharynx to stomach
uses peristalsis
functions of stomach
1.temporary holding storage
2.mix food and gastric juices into chyme
3.control rate at which food enters small intestine
Sphincters
muscle moves bolus/chyme from one region to another, helps prevent back flow
cardiac: entrence to stomach
pyloric: exit of stomach
gastric juices
HCl, digestive enzymes, mucas
Digestive Processes
1.gastric juices -start the process
2.muscle contractions mix food w/gastric juice and move it to small intestine
3.chyme 2 small intestine by peristalsis
4.little absorbed but alcohol and asprin can be
Functions of liver
1.produce bile (stored in gallbladder)
2.glucose -->glycogen
3.maintain level of glucose in blood
4. removes drugs
5.stores vitamins
Small Intenstine parts
1.duodenum: chyme enters here, bile secreted here, enzymes from pacreas secreted
2.jejunum: middle part
3.ileum: opens to large intestine
process in small intestine
1.peristalsis moves cyme (3-5 hrs)
2. chemicals from glands, liver, pancreas compelte breakdown
Villi
finger like projections
increase surface area 600X
digested food absorbed through capillaries
undigested food moved by peristalsis to large intestine
Large Intestine
1.absorbs water and electrolytes
2.eliminates undigested food
3.makes feces
4.leaves through rectum and anus
Gallbladder
sac under liver
duct that leads to duodenum
stores bile
releases bile
Pancreas
1.secretes insulin
2.secretes digestive enzymes:
trypsin, amylase, lipase
3. all relased into duodenum
trypsin
breaks down proteins
amylase
breaks down carbs
lipase
breaks down fats