Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
99 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the 5 levels in the Ecological Model?
|
1.Intrapersonal
2.Interpersonal 3.Institutional 4.Community 5.Public Policy |
|
The intrapersonal level is also referred to as the ____________ level.
|
Individual
|
|
True or False
How the Ecological model is delivered makes difference? |
True! How it is delivered matters!
|
|
Characteristics of the ______________ such as knowledge, attitudes, behavior, self-concept, skills and developmental history.
|
Individual
|
|
An individuals health behaviors, knowledge, attitudes, and values are influenced by many factors that reflect ______ 1/_______, _________2________, ____________3/___________
|
1.Cultural identity
2.Personality 3.Childhood experience |
|
Individual influences can affect and be affected by ______________________ _________________
|
Environmental influences
|
|
Internal influences include:
|
Gender
Religions identity Racial/ Ethnic identity Sexual orientation economic status financial resources Values, goals, expectations age/ genetics Resiliency coping, skills, time management skills health literacy and accessing health care skills stigma of accessing counseling services |
|
Impact at the Individual/Intrapersonal Levels
motivating change in individual _____1______ by increasing ______2______, or influencing _____3_____ or challenging _______4_________. Learning new ___5_____ |
1. Behavior
2. Knowledge 3. Attitudes 4. Beliefs 5. Skills |
|
Interpersonal Level also involves
|
Processes and Primary Groups
|
|
Interpersonal Processes and Primary Groups
Formal and informal ___________1/____________ and social support ______2______, including _______3_______, _____4______ and ________________5/_____________ |
1. Social network
2. Systems 3. Family 4. Work 5. Friendship networks |
|
Interpersonal Processes and Primary groups include:
|
1. Roommate
2. Supervisors 3. Resident Advisors 4. Rituals/ customs, traditions 5. Economic forces 6. Diversity 7. athletics, recreation, intramural sports, clubs 8. fraternity/ sororities |
|
Impact at the Interpersonal Level
Recognize that groups provide ______1/______ and _____2________, interpersonal interventions target ____3_____, such as __________4/_________ or _______5____. |
1. Social identity
2. Support 3. Groups 4. Family members 5. Peers |
|
Institutional Factors
Social Institutions with organizational ________1_______ and _______2/_________ and _________3/_____ for operations |
1. Characteristics
2. formal/ informal 3.rules/ regulations |
|
Institutional Factors
|
1.Campus Climate
2. Class schedules 3. Financial policies 4.competitiveness 5. lighting, unclean environments 6.distance to classes and buildings 7.noise 8. availability of study and common lounge spaces 9. air quality 10. safety |
|
Impact at the Institutional Level
Changing the ______1____, ______2___, and ______________3/____________ of an organization (e.g. workplace, health care setting, a school/child care, a faith organization, or another type of community organization) to support _______________4/___________ |
1. Policies
2. Practices 3. Physical Environment 4. Behavior change |
|
Community
Relationships among ______1________/ ______2_______, and informational _____3______ within defined _______4_______. |
1. Organizations
2. Institutions 3. networks 4. boundaries |
|
Community Factors include:
|
1.Location in the community
2. built environment 3. neighborhood associations 4. community leaders 5. on/off campus housing 6. businesses 7. community parking, transportation, walk ability and parks |
|
Impact at the Community Level
Coordinating the effect of ___1____ ________2___ of a community to being about ____3_____. |
1. All
2. Members 3. Change |
|
Public Policy is
|
Local, State, National and Global laws and policies
|
|
Public Policy
Polices that allocate resources to establish and maintain a ___1____ that serves a mediating structure connecting _______2_____ and the large ______3/_________ to create a _____4_____ _________5_______. |
1. Coalition
2. Individuals 3. Social Environment 4. Healthier 5. Society |
|
Public Policies
Other policies include those that ____1_____ ____2_____ such as tobacco use in public spaces and alcohol sales and consumption ans those that provide _____3______ ______4_______, both positive and negative, such as increased taxes on cigarets and alcohol |
1. restrict
2. behavior 3. behavioral 4. incentives |
|
Public Policy
Additional policies relate to violence, _____1____ ____2_____, green policies, foreign affairs, the economy, _________3/________ |
1. social
2. justice 3. global warming |
|
Impact at the Public Policy Level
________1_______ and _______2______ state and local policies that can increase ______3_______ health behaviors. Developing media campaigns that promote _____4______ _____5______ of the health need and _____6________ for change. |
1. Developing
2. Enforcing 3. beneficial 4. public 5. awareness 6. advocacy |
|
What is Spice?
|
Synthetic marijuana
|
|
What are Bath Salts
|
Synthetic Cathinones
|
|
What is Molly
|
Purest form of EX
|
|
Environmental Influences
Environmental ________1/_________ interact and affect ______________2/_________________ and vice versa. |
Environmental Influences
1. factors/influences 2. individual behavior |
|
Environmental Influences
These factors may be the ______1_______ _____2_____ or place, the human aggregate or ______3_______ of the people, organizational and social climate, and/or ________4_______ of the surrounding community. |
1. physical
2. setting 3. characteristics 4. characteristics |
|
Physical setting or place
Campus ________1______ Campus ________2______ Campus ________3______ |
1. Geographical - pool parties/ sunscreen
2. Meteorological-hurricane/ lightning 3. Architecture - big campus, lighting, stairs Marshal student center- positive= stairs, negative= walk way is confusing |
|
Characteristics of the People (Human Aggregate)
_____1____ setting Characteristics of the _____2_______ _____3_____ influences ______4______ forces |
1. Behavior
2. Inhabitants 3. Culture 4. Economic |
|
Organizational Factors
Organizational _____1_____ Organizational _____2_____ Organizational _____3_____ |
1. Structure-Library increasing their hours
2. Policies- designated smoking areas 3. Climate- Instability |
|
Social Climate or Characteristics of Surrounding Community
____1_____ Climate _____2_____ and ______3_____ _____4_____ ____5_________ |
1. Political
2/3. Reinforcement and rewards- obama care- you will pay extra taxes if you smoke 4/5. Campus architecture |
|
Because significant and dynamic ______1_______ exist among these different levels of health determinants, ___2_____ are most likely to be ____3______ when they address determinants at all levels.
|
1. interrelationships
2. Interventions 3. Effective |
|
What percentage of people who are white smoke hookah?
|
69
|
|
What percent of USF students smoke hookah and are between the ages of 18-19?
|
72%
|
|
What is MAP-IT?
|
Framework used to plan and evaluate public health interventions to achieve goals.
Method to create a path to healthy community Easy for communities to use Program Planning Model |
|
What do the letters in MAP-IT stand for?
|
M- Mobilize (individuals and organizations into a coalition)
A-Assess (areas of greatest needs and resources in the community) P- Plan (your approach, vision, strategies, and action steps I- Implement (plan using action steps) T- Track (progress over time) |
|
Individuals and organizations that __________ _________ ____ ___________ __________ in health of community.
|
care abut and invested interest
ex. Stakeholders |
|
Areas of greatest need to ____ ___________ community
|
The specific
|
|
Resources and _______ ___________ that you can ______ ____ ____ to address the health topics of concern.
|
other strengths
tap into ex. CHIP, boys and girls club |
|
Start with a vision of where community _____ ___ _____ as a whole, then add strategies and action steps to help you ________ that vision.
|
Wants to be
achieve |
|
action steps that can be ___________ and will _____ _____ _______.
|
Monitored
Make and Impact |
|
Mobilize- Step 1
Look for partners who: |
Have a stake in creating a healthy community
partners who will contribute to the process |
|
Mobilize- Step 1
Aim for _______ representation |
broad
|
|
Mobilize- Step 1
Possibilities include: |
-Those affected by issues (stakeholders- students, faculty/staff, tax payers)
-HHS organizations (those who serve individuals who are affected by it) -People whose lives or jobs are affected (student affairs, campus police) -Business community (Restaurants, bars,) THEY HIRE US! - The media- Social, facebook, instagram, tv, commercials, radio, newspaper |
|
What is HHS
|
Health and Human Services
|
|
Stakeholders know:
EXTRA CREDIT |
The community and key people in it
|
|
Mobilize- Step 2
|
Identify roles for partners
assign responsibilities |
|
Mobilize- Step 2
This helps keep partners __________ in the coalition and process. |
Engaged
|
|
Mobilize- Step 2
Makes partners _________/___________ in the process instead of __________ participation. |
leaders and key players
passive |
|
ownership=
|
more investment
|
|
What are some example of Mobilize- Step 2
|
-Host meetings, events, or advisory groups
-develop and present education and training programs -lead fundraising and policy initiatives -provide technical assistance in planning and evaluation. |
|
Assess also refers to Assessing _______
|
resources
|
|
Assess-
What ____ ___, verses what _____ _____ ____ ____. |
Needs and assets in a community
can do; would like to do |
|
Assess
Work as a coalition to _______ ____________ |
set priorities
|
|
Assess
what do community members and key stakeholders see as _________ __________ issues? |
most important
|
|
Assess
Consider: |
Feasibility, effectiveness and measure ability
|
|
Assets=
|
Private businesses/ enterprises, outreach/ libraries, faith based organizations in rural areas, community organizations, sports exercise facilities, arts institutions, schools, professional expertise= USF
|
|
Conversation Starters: PH Theory
Start a dialogue about underlying causes of health and quality of life. Public health is asking the _____1_____. How does the _____2_______ environment affect the environment? |
1.Coalitions
2.Physical |
|
What is determinants of health?
|
Different factors that influence health
|
|
Conversation Starters: PH theory
How does _______, ________ ________ _______ affect the health of our community? |
Physical, social individual behavior
|
|
Extra Credit
You assess more than ___1__, you also assess ___2____. |
1.Data
2. Needs |
|
Assess
Collect data to paint a realistic picture of community needs. Data collected during this phase will be _______ _______. |
Baseline data
|
|
________ _______ is information gathered before initiation of program/ intervention
|
baseline data
|
|
Baseline data is gathered __________ the initiation of a program or intervention
|
Before
|
|
Data might be _______ and/or ________
|
State, local
|
|
For health campus, it would be __________ _________ _________.
|
NCHA institutional data
|
|
_________ and _________ data is easier to get/ retrieve
|
State and National
|
|
Plan
What is our _______? What do we need ____ ____ to reach our goal? ____ will do it? How will we know when we have _______ our goal? |
goal
to do who reached |
|
Plan (what and how)
includes _________ and ___________________________________ to the community |
objectives and steps to achieve them that are tailored
|
|
What does SMART stand for?
EXTRA CREDIT |
S- Specific
M-Measurable A- Achievable R- Realistic T- Time oriented |
|
How the steps in making a plan
|
What will change?
Who is being targeted? By how much? By when? |
|
Plan
__________ Desired amount of change, reflected by number of percentage |
target
|
|
Plan
What are we trying to target? |
1.Individual behaviors (reduce smoking, increasing cessation attempts)
2.Professional practices( automatic screening for chlamydia) 3. service availability (stress reduction program) 4. attitudes and intentions (feeling of safety) 5. insurance status (increase health insurance/ medicaid) 6. service enrollment( increase medicaid enrollment) 7. policy enactment (smoke free enforcement) 8. participation in program (make sure people are going to programs) 9. organizations that offer particular programs (counseling centers that has stress work shops) 10. policy compliance/ enforcement findings (little green monsters on campus) 11. results of screening or testing (reduce amount of chlamydia) |
|
When creating an assess/ SMART plan begin with ________ words such as: ____________
|
action
Eliminate insure reduce establish |
|
Create SMART Objective:
Population/who-_________ _________ or ______________ _____ ____ population. |
Campus wide; specific to a particular
|
|
What is D.A.R.E
EXTRA CREDIT |
Longest drug prevention program that did not work!
|
|
Plan- How
|
Search for evidence based interventions, best practices, and other tested interventions
|
|
What are the barriers to "How" in the plan stage?
|
Ethics, stigma, political skilled personnel
|
|
What is the definition to "how" in the Plan stage?
|
programs/practices that have been scientifically evaluated and proven to work.
|
|
What are the importance to "how" in the plan stage?
|
resources have limited funding and multiple health problems , more research than ever before.
|
|
What is the community toolbox?
EXTRA CREDIT |
Resources for information to improve community health
|
|
Plan- How
Brainstorm with ______________ |
coalition members
|
|
Plan- How
What are the type of interventions? |
-Prevention (reducing risk of heart problems)
-Early/intense intervention (targeting those at high risk) -enhancing experience and competence (self-efficacy= belief that you can achieve a goal, skill building, knowledge.) -enhancing resources and opportunities (social support for health issues, economic opportunities is going to improve health, increase life options) -modifying barriers and access (physical-geographic ex rural, poverty, discrimination) -changing broader systems (policies, laws, and culture) |
|
What are the levels of "HOW" in the plan stage?
|
individual, families, organizations, community, broader systems
|
|
Implement
_________ _______ ________ with action steps, identifies who is responsible for each, timeline/deadlines |
working from plan
|
|
Implement
What do you want audience to ____? |
do
|
|
Implement
What is the _____ _______ you want to get across? |
key message
|
|
Implement
What _____ ____ ____ will you use to reach target audience? |
type of media
|
|
What steps should be made in the tracking part of MAP-IT?
|
Plan regular evaluations to measure and track progress over time
Share progress and successes with the community and media Keep in mind -data quality -limitations of self-report -data availability |
|
Track
Evaluation optimally is done __1____ implementation and ____2____ implementation |
1.during
2. after |
|
Track
Data quality should be a __________________ collection, analysis, structure of questions. |
Standardization of date
|
|
Track
Self-report bias_____________________. |
May not be accurate
|
|
Data availability- data collection efforts not always performed on ______________/___________ basis
why? |
regular/ frequent
It is costly and time consuming to get data |
|
Action Model to Achieve a Healthy Campus
____________________ nature of planning and implementation |
cyclical
|
|
Action Model to Achieve a Healthy Campus
______1______ are demonstrated through assessment and tracking These feed back to intervention ____2___ to identify ___3___ in the future |
1.Results
2.planning 3.effective |
|
What are the benefits to MAP-IT ?
|
-Includes all stakeholders
-assesses assets as well as needs (look for ways to use what community already has) -assessment= realistic -Comprehensive and specific plan -incorporates evaluation from the beginning (allows the adjustment when necessary) |
|
What is strength based approach?
EXTRA CREDIT |
When one looks for ways to use what the community already has.
|
|
What are the benefits to MAP-IT ?
|
It is realistic rather than preconceived idea of what the needs are or resources at disposal.
|