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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the four skills and techniques used in the physical examination?
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1. Inspection
2. Palpation 3. Percussion 4. Auscultation |
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Define Inspection.
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Inspection begins immediately when you first meet and develop a general survey. Inspection is concentrated on watching. As you proceed through the examination, start the assessment of each body system with inspection.
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Define palpation.
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Palpation follows inspection and confirms points you noted during inspection. Palpation applies your sense of touch to assess these factors:
Texture Temperature Moisture Organ Location & Size Swelling Vibration/Pulsation Rigidity or Spasticity Crepitation (joints) Presence of lumps or masses Presence of tenderness or pain |
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What are the fingertips best suited for assessing during palpation.
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Best for fine tactile discrimination
Ex: skin texture swelling pulsation presence of lumps |
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What is a grasping action of the fingers and thumb best suited for during palpation?
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to detect the position, shape, and consistency of an orgran or mass.
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What is the dorsal side of your hand best used for during palpation?
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best for determining temperature
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What is the base of your fingers or the ulnar surface of your hand best used for during palpation?
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best for sensing vibrations
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What type of palpation should you start with first?
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Light palpation to detect surface characteristics and to accustom the person to being touched.
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What is percussion?
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Tapping the persons skin with short, sharp, strokes to assess underlying structures. The strokes yield a palpable vibration and a characteristic sound that depicts the location, size, and density of the underlying organ.
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What are the characteristics of a Resonant Percussion Note?
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Clear/hollow and you would usually hear this over normal lung tissue
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What are the characteristics of a hyperresonant percussion note?
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quality is booming. You would hear this normally over a child's lung. You would hear this abnormally in an adult with increased air in their lungs, ie; emphysema
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What are the characteristics of a tympanic percussion note?
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The quality is musical and drumlike. You would find this over air filled viscus like the intestine or the stomache.
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What are the characteristics of a Dull percussion note?
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The quality is a muffled thud. You would find this relatively over a dense organ, like the liver or the spleen.
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What are the characteristics of a flat percussion note?
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A dead stop of sound. Absolute dullness. When no air is present, for example, over the thigh muscles, bone, or over a tumor.
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What is auscultation?
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Auscultation is listening to sounds produced by the body.
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What is the diaphragm used for?
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To listen to high pitched sounds-breath, bowel, and normal heart sounds.
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What is the bell used for?
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To listen to soft-low pitched sounds like a heart murmur.
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What is an otoscope?
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-Funnels light into the ear canal and onto the tympanic membrane.
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What is an opthalmoscope
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It illuminates the internal eye structures.
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