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108 Cards in this Set

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Ggg

The types of hazards that may cause slips and trips at work are;

Spillages onto floors
Wires and flexes across walkways(trailing cables)
Poor lighting
Faulty equipment (ladders etc)
Poor footwear.
Change in floor surface.
Incorrect use of Escalators.
Drop down and step up from doorways.
Weather conditions; ice, wet.
Loose flooring.
Sloping or uneven surfaces

Slips trips and falls can be controlled by:
Signage; Supervision of entrances;
Dress policy to ensure footwear is correct for the workplace.
Slip resistant surfaces
Good lighting
Fencing and guarding
Information, instruction, training and supervision.
Designated walkways.
Use of signs; ie keep to walkways.
PPE

Identify ways in which accidents may be prevented when using ladders as a means of access. (8)
The ways in accidents may be prevented when using ladders are;
Secured to prevent slipping.
Bottom, top or both. Never tie by the rungs.
Ensure the ladder is stable in use. IE 1/4 ratio of distance from wall to distance up up the wall
Weather conditions must be right. Non high winds, heavy rain etc
Danger areas are to be avoided; power cables for example.
Work activity. Consider in some detail. Eliminate over reach and consider storage of work materials and tools.
Workers must be trained in the use of the ladder; 3 point contact, clean non slippy footwear and an I damaged
ladder.
Inspections. These must be carried out prior to use and during use.
When not in use remove ladder from structure or place a board over it to prevent unauthorised access.


Outline the precautions to be taken when using a mobile elevating platform (MEWP) to reach an high point such as a street light. (8)

The precautions to be taken are;

Avoid being injured by the hazard of electricity from the street light.
Trained personnel only must use the MEWP.

Maintenance - it should be maintained regularly, have a current Certificate of Thorough inspection.
It must never be moved in the elevated position.
No damaged components bent tubes, worn bolts etc.

Secure - on firm ground with wheels locked.
Warning signs and barriers in place.
Outriggers must be fully extended and locked into position.
The tyres must be fully inflated and wheels immobilised.
Procedures must be in place for machine failure.
All workers must wear a safety harness.
In this scenario workers are to note the electrical hazard.
Drivers of MEWPs must be instructed in emergency procedures.
Due care must be taken in adverse weather conditions.

Outline eight precautions that should be considered to ensure the safety of children who might be tempted to gain access to a construction site. (8)
Eight precautions that should be considered to ensure the safety of children are;
Security - the erection of a strong perimeter fence and lockable gate.
Access - removal of access ladders.
Equipment - this should be made safe and immobilised.
Excavations - these should be covered, filled in or supported whenever possible.
Substances - all dangerous chemicals should be removed or locked away so that young persons cannot get at them.
Building materials - materials should be safely stacked and secured to prevent moving.
Storage tanks - fuel, cement etc must be secured and locked off.
Electricity - all power supplies should be switched off.
Pre-emotive measures - prior to construction firms can visit schools to warn of the dangers of trespassing onto construction sites and the dangers that exist.
Information - posters and local radio might be initiatives to consider by firms in order to prevent access and help the safety of young people.
Define the meaning of the term workplace.(2)
The definition of the term workplace includes means of access to, or egress from, the workplace and therefore covers common parts of a multi occupancy buildings or private roads on industrial estates. It also includes, for example, sanitary facilities provided by the owner of a multi occupancy site and used by more than one tenant or employer, even when not within an individual workplace.
Outline the precautions to be taken to minimise the risks to persons working in cold stores at Sub Zero temperatures. (4)

A process involves molten glass being blown by hand and shaped into moulds.
Describe measures that could be taken in order to minimise the health effects of working in such hit environments. (4)
Provide PPE warm clothing, boots, gloves etc
Limit exposure time
Supervision - CCTV, managerial checks.
Alarm procedure, anti lock doors, emergency procedure.
Specific risk assessment for working in cold conditions.
Provision of welfare facilities.
Non slip surfaces
Introduce permit to work

The influence of drugs on employees in the workplace can have a significant effect on health and safety.

Identify the possible reasons why a person may be in possession of drugs in the workplace. (2)

Outline measures an employer could take in order to reduce the misuse of drugs in the workplace. (6)
Illness or injury- prescription, over the counter drugs.
May be an addict.


An employer could introduce;

A no drugs policy
Awareness programmes
Encourage informers.
Measure performance - screening/surveys
Terms and conditions specific to drugs; zero tolerance etc
Random checks.
Counselling service.
Heavy building materials are to be delivered to a university campus on a large goods vehicle and unloaded by men's of a mobile crane.

Identify the precautions that will be required for the safe movement of the large goods vehicle and mobile crane across the campus. (10)

Outline the precautions that will be required for the safe unloading of the large goods vehicle using the mobile crane. (10)
Ddd
Identify suitable control measures to reduce/control the risk of violence in the workplace. (10)
Employ security.
Signage; no money overnight.
Personal alarms.
Confrontation training.
Procedures for handling money.
Staff selection.
Lone working arrangements.
Aesthetics; welcoming, clean.
Identify two methods of raising the alarm in the event if a fire. (2)

Identify the issues to consider in the selection and siting of portable fire extinguishers. (6)

Absorbent mats have been used to soak up a chemical spillage.

Outline the issues that will need to be considered in relation to the handling and storage of the waste material prior to its collection and disposal. (8)
Two methods of raising the alarm in the event of a fire are verbal; shouting and mechanical bell or siren or air horn
Identify the issues that should be considered to help to ensure that a new item of work equipment is suitable for use. (5)

Identify measures that could be taken to help ensure that an item of work equipment remains in a suitable condition. (3)
Fff
Excluding welfare facilities outline issues associated with the workplace that should be addressed to ensure that it meets the requirements of the workplace (health, safety and welfare) regulations 1992. (8)

As

A ladder has been identified as the most appropriate item of work equipment for use when working at height.

Outline the features of the ladder that would ensure that it is suitable for WAH. (2)

Identify reasons why a worker could fall from the ladder during use. (6)
Lashed top or bottom
Must conform to british standard.
Minimum height of 3 rungs above a platform.
No defects
Must be secured top and bottom or footed.
Weather conditions must be suitable.
Not stable

A worker could fall dye to:

Defects
Horseplay
No restraints harnesses
Inadequate training by user in training with ladders.
Non protection from passing hazards.
Unsuitable base not at correct angle. 1/4
Overloading
Failure to maintain 3 points of contact by user.
Rungs being slippy
Over reaching by the user.

Identify 3 types of scaffold. (3)

Identify eight component parts of an Independant scaffold. (8)
Independant tied.

Used to maintain existing building.

Putlog scaffold.
New builds

Tower scaffold.


Eight parts of an Independant scaffold are:

Base and sole plates
Standard pole
Ledger
Facade brace
Joint couplers
Intermediate guard rail
Toe boards (minimum 150mm high)
Scaffolding planks
Brick guard
Guard rails
Eye bolts.
Identify when scaffolding should be inspected. (4)
G
Outline control measures that could be implemented in order to reduce risks to pedestrians in a warehouse where seperste traffic routes cannot be provided. (8)
Induction training for drivers and workers on avoidance.
Tannoy system when vehicles in use.
One way systems
Outline control measures to reduce risk to workers required to carry out repair work on a fragile roof. (8)

Restricted access to protect other workers
Crawling boards to spread load
Edging protectors
Use of MEWPS
Only work in suitable weather conditions
Permit to work stating competent and trained persons
Correct and sufficient lighting.
An Independant type scaffold is to be erected on a building in a busy town centre location.
Outline the precautions that should be taken to reduce the risk of injury to members of the public drying erection and use. (8)

Risk assessments and clear area.
Fenced off.
Pedestrian walkways.
Signage.
Cordon off
Safety netting for falling objects
Padding and hi vis material on standards.
Lighting at night time.
Qualified, competent constructor
Scaffold tagging for safety.
Regular checks and inspections
Excluding pedestrians
Early morning or late evening construction.
Do not move equipment over people's heads.
Boarding over access ladder or remove during non working hours.
Use hoists or chutes for bringing items onto or off the scaffold.
Use of end caps or other stuff on protruding poles.
Outline reasons why a person could be injured when using a MEWP. (3)

Outline precautions to reduce the risk of injury when using a MEWP. (5)
Training - Inadequate training on safe use.
Equipment Incorrect use of equipment; not using outriggers.
Maintenance - Faulty equipment. Poor maintenance.
Surface - avoid uneven surface
Avoid overhead obstructions.
Poor supervision of operating procedures.

Training - adequate training in use
Procedures - no procedures for emergency in place.
Weather - avoid use in wet weather or icy weather.
Signage - adequate signage to alert members of the public.
Mobile Tower scaffolds should be used on stable level ground. Outline additional factors that should be considered for the safe use of a mobile tower scaffold. (8)
Avoid over head obstructions; power cables,
Fall arrest- use another system to prevent falls.
Warning signs to alert the public.
Adverse conditions - do not use when wet, icy etc.
Do not use when moving.
Do not use outside manufactures guidelines. Do not overload.
Supervision - ensure use is supervised no lone working
Inspections - inspect MEWP before use and at regular intervals during operation.

Outline the main hazards associated with demolition work (8)

State of buildings - size, age.


surrounding area - safety


machinery I injury from crushing, noise and vibration.


risk of accidental explosion.


Asbestos from legacy materials


manual handling injuries


utilities.


UXO

Identify the main hazards associated with excavations. (8)



Biological hazards from


electrical injuries from underground cables.


weather conditions.


chemicals and gases


the collapse of the sides


contact with buried services


build up of fumes and lack of oxygen


the possibility of people, vehicles or spoil heaps falling into excavation.


exploding ordinance.

Your employer has asked you to visit a new building and asked you to identify the requirements it needs to satisfy the Work Place (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992 (8)

The requirements to satisfy the workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare Regulations are;



health - The working environment.



temperature at a reasonable level -ACOPs is 16c in an area of normal activity and 13c in an area of strenuous activity.



Ventilation - opening windows, wall mounted roof fans, air con.



Lighting - must be suitable and sufficient.



Room dimensions and space.



must not be less than 11 cubic metres



Safety - Preventing Accidents



Floors and traffic routes - pedestrians and vehicles well maintained and clearly marked.



Windows - cleaned safely, must not create an hazard when open.



Doors and gates - Appropriate safety devices fitted.



Floors - Must be level and smooth


clear from obstruction.



Welfare - provision of facilities



Toilets - Male and female


washing and drying facilities



Accommodation for clothing - storage for workers clothing, changing facilities.



Areas for eating and drinking - separate from the work area, means of heating food, tables and chairs.

Identify the Hazards associated with Fork Lift Trucks both electrical and mechanical. (8)

Fuel sources

Identify the issues to consider for an occupational road risk assessment.
The Driver:
Competence
Valid licence
Specific training required
Driving whilst tired
Fitness and health
Drugs and alcohol

The vehicle:

Fit for purpose(suitability)
Maintenance schedule
Pre-use checks
Safe working loads
Methods to secure goods
Ergonomic considerations
Hazardous loads

Route Planning:
Types of vehicle - safest roads
Scheduling/time/distance
Peak traffic flow, number of drops
Breaks 15 minutes every two hours/100 miles.
Fatigue management.
Weather conditions.

A mechanical hoist is to be used to remove an engine from a vehicle in a motor repair shop.

Identify the requirements for the statutory examination and inspection of the hoist. (4)

Outline the precautions to be taken to reduce the risk of injury to employees and others during the lifting operation. (4)

By a competent person prior to use.


The lifting equipment has not been used before.


at least every six months.


each time that exceptional circumstances, which are likely to jeopardise the safety of the lifting equipment.


In accordance with a particular examination scheme or manufacturers instructions.


After reassembly at a new location.


after repair from identified faults.




Preparation of a lifting plan


Pre use inspection


siting on firm level ground with wheels locked


only one person to operate or signal.


do not raise the load more than necessary.


Do not leave load suspended in the air unnecessary.


do not drag the load along the ground.


Do not lift more than the capacity of the sling.


Do not use makeshift parts, bolts, links or fasteners when moving the engine.


Do not allow anyone to ride the load.


Do not work under a suspended engine.


Place body parts between load and the sling when taking up the slack.


Pushing competent employees to conduct the operation.


Identify six observations made during an inspection of machine operation which may suggest that the machine has not been ergonomically designed.
Ff
Define the term ergonomics. (2)
As
Identify six observations made during an inspection of machine operation which may suggest that the machine has not been ergonomically designed.

Ff

In relation to WRULD identify the typical signs and symptoms that may be experienced by affected individuals.

Outline the the factors that would increase the risk of developing WRULDs.
Pain, becoming severe and numbness.
Reduced mobility and stiffness.
Swollen joints.
Pins and needles.
Loss of grip strength.

The factors that could increase the risk of developing WRULDs

Force -

Posture -

Duration -

Repetition -

Vibration -

Load -

Cold -

Employees working for a charity are required to collect plastic bags of clothes, books and other donated goods from outside householders premises and carry them to a waiting van. Giving reasons in each case outline the types of injury the employees may sustain from the activity.(4)



outline the the main requirements of the manual handling operation regulations 1992.(6)



identify the the possible indications of manual handling problems in a workplace. (6)



Sprains and stains - muscles and joints can be injured by over exertion.



Prolapsed disc - poor posture and top heavy bending.



Hernia,s - the strain of lifting can cause painful ruptures in the abdominal wall.



Fractures, cuts and bruises.




avoid manual handling SFAIRP. Have goods delivered differently. Save double handling. Use automation.



Assess - Competent person, Risk Factor. TILE - Task, individual capability, load and the environment.



Reduce -redesign load, ergonomic approach, mechanical aids, safe lifting training, team or dual lifting, PPE



Provide Information - marking of loads, indicate heaviest side etc

When considering manual handling risk factors outline factors to be considered under the task, Load, individual capabilities and Environment. (8)

The factors to consider are as follows:



Task - distance from trunk, excessive lifting and carrying, prolonged physical effort, risk of sudden movement and work rate imposed by the process.



Individual capabilities - level of training, strength limits, health problems, age, pregnancy.



Load - weight, bulk, grasp, moving contents, centre of gravity, condition of packaging.



Environment - space constraints, uneven floor, poor lighting, temperatures hot/cold, obstructions and access and egress.

Identify three types of crane used for lifting operations. (3)



Outline a procedure for the safe lifting of a load by a crane, having ensured that the crane has been correctly selected and positioned for the task. (4)

Three types of crane are:



tower, mobile and overhead gantry.



a procedure for the safe lifting of a load by a crane having ensured that the crane has been correctly selected and positioned are;



Pad the sling from sharp edge.


Remove the slack in the line slowly.


raise the load only a few inches before completing the lift.


Keep personnel clear of the lifting area.


Use a tag line when necessary.


accelerate and decelerate slowly.


Store on a rack or wall

A store man is required to place boxes of metal components by hand onto shelved racking.



Identify four types of injury to which the store an may be at risk while carrying out this operation. (4)



Outline the factors in relation to the task that may affect the risk of injury.(4)

Lll

Battery powered fork lift trucks are used to move goods within a warehouse.



Describe four hazards associated specifically with battery powered fork lift trucks. (4)



Outline the precautions that may be needed to ensure the safety of pedestrians in the areas where fork lift trucks are operating. (8)




Outline eight rules to follow when a fork lift truck is left unattended during a drivers work break. (8)

K

Identify the types of hazards against which gloves could offer protection. (4)



Outline the problems that may be encountered when using protective gloves at work. (4)

K

Outline the measures that may be needed to reduce the risk of slips and trips in a supermarket. (8)

K

Outline the mechanical hazards that should be considered with machinery. (8)

Entanglement -



Nips -



Traps -



Impact -



Contact -



Ejection -

Outline the non mechanical hazards that should be considered in a workplace. (8)

Noise and vibration -


Radiation -


Thermal Effects -


Substances -


Electricity -


Pressure systems -


Neglect of ergonomics -

An employer has installed a new item of machinery in the workplace.



Outline the factors to be considered before the machine is put into use. (8)

Compliance with industry standards. Declaration of conformity - Should be CE marked.



Risk - The risk it exposes to the work force. Subsequent risk assessments. Identification of the hazards.



Location - where it will best suit the work required and best located to minimise risk to workers. Environmental conditions.



Pre-use checks to ensure it is delivered has per manufactures instructions.



Training - users on operation and emergency procedures.



Any specific guarding requirements to be installed in order to operate the machine.



Storage of materials for the machine.



Maintenance documents - servicing schedules, handbooks etc



commissioning certificate



lighting



Protective devices - guarding



competence of person for operating machine.



Outline the hierarchy of safeguards (controls) when considering PUWER. (4)

So far as is Practicable:



Fixed Guards


other guards


Jigs, holders and push sticks


Information and training.

Identify the types of guard that may be considered with PUWER. (4)

F - fixed (fully enclosed, adjustable, distance). Special fixing requiring special tools to remove guard. Under management supervison (safe system of work).



I - Interlocking - machine is linked electronically to access or when machine is engaged with material so it isolates the machine.



A - Automatic -.



T - trip devices



Distance -

Identify the factors to be considered in the maintenance of PUWER. (8)

Legal requirements


Manufacturers instructions


amount of use - 24/7


The working environment


Type of equipment


High speed


Level of risk


reactive or pre-planned maintenance

Employers are required to have arrangements in place to prevent access to dangerous parts of machinery or stop dangerous parts if a person enters a danger zone.



Describe the principles of operation of:




A trip device (2)



Two handed control (2)



Interlocked guard(2)



protective appliances

Trip device -Light sensors identifies items in the machinery and stops the machine.bLikewise a pull cord that comes away stopping the power source.



Two handed controls - both hands are employed so the machine comes to a halt (safe conditin




Interlocked Guard - when contact is made or contact is lost between two points the power may be lost for a example - when you open a photocopier compartment the power is stopped.



Protective appliances - in order to keep body parts away from the hazard a push stick or holding device could be used for example on a circular saw or a jig.

A new pedestal drill has been installed in a workshop.



Identify the the factors to be considered before it is first used to prevent injury or ill health to user.

Supply law


certification


first check


documentation; user manual


competent person


Outline defective conditions of non powered hand tools (8)

Blunt screwdrivers


mushroom headed bolsters


split handles on hammers


non sharp saws

Identify examples of faults and bad practices that could contribute to electrical accidents when using portable electrical equipment. (12)

Daisy chaining


square multi adaptors


leaving plugged in and switched on when not in use.


using outdoors when indoor equipment.


Using whilst damaged.


Using in wet conditions


no visual checks


coiled extension leads


using beyond capacity of the tool (overloading).


lack of procedures for maintenance


poor earth connection


split or twisted cables


poor cable management


plugs with damaged pins


unauthorised use and misuse by employees.


Not isolating equipment.


Outline four hazards and the corresponding precautions to be taken when using conveyor systems for moving materials within a workplace. (8)

Jjj

In electrical terms define the terms:



current



Voltage

Current - The flow of charge within a conductor. measured in Amps.



Voltage - the energy or pressure required to move a charge.



Resistance - the property of any object or substance of opposing the flow of an electric current. Measured in Ohms



Conductor - a material which offers little resistance to the flow of a current.



Insulator - A material which offers a high resistance to the flow of an electric current



Circuit - the path of an electric current.

Outline the risk from electricity. (4)

Electric shock - cardiac arrest, ventricular fibrillation, Asphyxia, Burns, Secondary injuries.



Fire - overloaded sockets, leakage of current, arcing of sparking.



Explosion - (including static electricity)' flammable atmospheres, overload of energy.

A petrol powered cylinder mower is to be used by a groundsman to prepare a grass tennis court prior to a major tournament.



Outline the mechanical and non mechanical hazards that the groundsman could be exposed to during the use of the cylinder mower. (8)

HHSHHS

Describe how the following two protective measures reduce the risk of electric shocks and in each case give an example.



Reduced low voltage (4)



Double insulation (4)

When the working conditions are relatively severe, either due to wet conditions or heavy and frequent use age of equipment reduced low voltage systems should be used. These reduce the voltage system by 50% an example is battery powered tools. A transformer is another example of reduced low voltage.



Double insulation can reduce the risk by providing two layers of insulation rather than one when only one layer is sufficient to insulate the electrical equipment. For example outdoor equipment; portable tools.

Describe the possible effects of electricity on the body. (4)



Outline four factors that may affect the severity of injury from contact with electricity. (4)

Death, burns, asphyxia (suffocation)




existing health problems



condition of the skin



Age

Suitable control measures for the following:


Portable equipment:



switched off when not in use.


follow manufacturers instructions.


visual inspection for damage



Cables:



Good storage


check damage


unravel when in use


only use for short term




Plugs and sockets:



no discolouration


no overloading.


switched off when not in use.




Plugs and sockets



Fixed wire testing

Outline the precautions that should be taken when excavating near underground cables. (4)

Checking for obvious signs


looking for junction boxes


utility companys


hand digging

An electrical powered chemical pump has operating at 90 degree c has developed a leak.



outline what measures

Isolate - competent person.


ID the chemical. COSSH assessment.


hot working permit.


PPE - gloves for hot environment.


Risk of slips and trips.


Potential to cream an explosive atmosphere.

Outline four hazards and the corresponding precautions to be taken when using conveyors systems for moving materials within a workplace. (8)

In running Nip -



Entanglement -



Impact against overhead systems



Manual Handling Hazards



Noise and vibration hazards -



Dust hazard -

A petrol powered cylinder mower is to be used by a groundsman to prepare a grass tennis court prior to a major tournament.



Outline the mechanical and non mechanical hazards that the groundsman could be exposed to during the use of the cylinder mower. (8)


Entanglement


Nips


Trapping - typically


Impact -


Contact -


Ejection -


Identify two methods of raising an alarm in the event of a fire. (2)



Identify the issues to consider in the selection and siting of portable fire extinguishers. (6)



Absorbent mats and granules have been used to soak up a chemical spillage.



Outline the the issues that will need to be considered in relation to the handling and storage of the waste material prior to its collection and disposal. (8)

The methods of raising the alarm in the event of a fire are:



Manual or automatic


smoke alarms


clearly audible alarms


personal warning systems


break glass call points


Heat detectors


detected by people and the alarm raised.



The issues to consider in the selection and siting of portAble fire extinguishers are:



selection - the source of hazard in the workplace, chemical, electrical, solids that will require a specific extinguisher for example



Water for solids


foam for solids and liquids Petrols or solvents


powder for majority of fire types less cooking fats etc.


CO2 for electrical liquids and Petrols.



Siting- Accessibility, are they easy to reach, situated near the hazard,



They should visible and clearly marked.



They should be situated close to escape routes and exits.



Means of supporting equipment off the ground this helps promote visibility and access.(1metre off the ground).



Protection from weather and other sources of damage.

A manufacturing organisation is introducing new chemicals into a workplace. The safety data sheets for these chemicals have indicated that they are classified as both toxic and an irritant.



With respect to hazardous substances give the meaning of the term:



Toxic



Irritant



Outline the principles of good practice that that should be followed in order to reduce the risk of exposure to hazardous substances. (4)

Ee

A small office area is to be provided within a workplace for workers in

JujuJuju

Outline the classes of fire. (6)

Class A - Solids: Paper, Wood and textiles



Class B - Liquids: Petrols and solvents



Class C - Gases - Methane or Propane



Class D - Metals: Magnesium, Aluminium



Class F - Cooking oils and fats

Define the term flashpoint. (2)




Identify the flash point of the following substances. (2)



Motor Gasoline



Kerosene



Diesel

The flashpoint is the minimum temperature at which sufficient vapour is given off to form a mixture with air which is capable of ignition under test conditions.




Motor Gasoline >43c


Kerosene > 38c


Diesel > 52c

Identify the sources of ignition of a fire. (8)

Welding, cutting and grinding tools


Electrical equipment - overheating/sparking


Frictional heat


Chemical reactions


smoking materials


Refuse burning


Arson


Portable heaters


Static electricity

Identify the degree of flammability and flash points under the (Chemicals Hazard information and packaging for supply) regulations) (6)

Flammable - Flash point < 55c



Highly flammable - Flash point < 21c



Extremely flammable - <0c

Identify the various ways in which fires start in workplace (sources of ignition).



The various ways in which fires start in the work place are:



environmental factors; sun, lightning


Welding and cutting


Portable heater


Static electricity


Arson


electrical equipment - overheating/sparking


Chemical reactions


Refuse burning


Smoking materials


Friction and heat

Identify the ways heat can be transmitted. (2)

Conduction


Convection


Radiation


Direct burning

Identify the steps to fire risk assessment. (4)

Identify the fire hazard


Identify the persons at significant risk


Evaluate and reduce/control the risk


Record significant findings


Review and monitor

Identify what an employer is responsible for regarding fire risk assessments under the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005. (8)

General fire precautions


Risk assessments


Principles of prevention to be applied


Fire safety arrangements


Elimination or reduction in risks from dangerous substances


Fire fighting and detection


Emergency routes and exits


Procedures for serious and imminent danger and for danger areas.

Outline the types of Enforcement notice that can be issued with regards to fire safety. (6)

Alterations notice



Issued if premises constitute a risk due to:



features of a premises or hazards present on premises



Notice suspended on appeal to magistrate court.



Once notice is issued, responsible person must inform enforcing authority of any proposed changes.



Enforcement notice:



Issued where failure to comply with any provision of the order.



Minimum 28 days to remedy


may be extended by enforcing authority


appeals to magistrates court within 21 days


notice suspended until the appeal



Prohibition notice



Risk of serious notice


immediate effect


notice can be withdrawn at any time


Appeals to magistrates court (21 days)


Notice remain in force until the appeal.

Identify the requirements that should be included in a safe means of escape. (6)
There should be at least two escape routes. Primary and secondary.
Fire integrity of the escape route
Doors open out wards and self close.
Escape routes clearly signed.
Emergency lighting.
Free from obstructions.
Place of assembly for head count and subsequent search action or information for emergency services.

A large item of process equipment situated within a factory is to be cleaned manually with a solvent prior to painting.



Outline the precautions to minimise the risks to people cleaning the equipment. (8)

G

Outline the health and safety risks associated with welding operations. (8)

FFAFFA

Health hazards in the workplace may be transported by various chemical and biological agents. Describe three chemical and three biological agents giving an example in each case (6)

Chemical Agents



Solids -


Liquids -


Gas -


fumes - welding by products, dust, fuel burning exhausts.


Mists -


Vapours -



Biological Agents



Viruses - small micro organisms, west Nile. Fever, Ebola



Bacteria - single cell organisms.



Bacteria -



Parasite -

Outline the health and safety risks associated with welding operations. (8)
Risk of fire and explosion. Working with acetylene and oxygen is dangerous and may result in fire or explosion from incorrect use or accident.

Risk of inhaling dangerous fumes. The reaction of burning metal produces fumes that may affect the welder if not in appropriate PPE

Risk of injury from Manual Handling - moving bottles and heavy equipment might result in Manual handling injuries WRULD, sprains, bruises etc

Risk of tripping - trailing wires, cables and pipes may cause a trip hazard.

Risk of electric shock - where electric welding equipment is being used.

Identify the steps to COSHH assessment. (4)

Gather information


Evaluate the risk


Control measures


Record


Review



Identify hazardous substances used or produced, method of work, duration and frequency of exposure, identify degree of toxicity, the form of the substance, routes of entry, evaluate possible effects on the human, effectiveness of existing control measures.

Identify the main headings on a Safety Data Sheet. (8)

Identification of the substances/preparation and company.


Composition and information on ingredients.


Hazards identification.


First aid instructions.


fire fighting methods.


accidental release measures.


Handling and Storage.


Exposure controls and PPE.


Physical and chemical properties.


Stability and reactivity.


Toxicology information.


Ecological information.


Disposal Information.


Transport Info.


Regulatory Info.


Other Info.

Describe the differences between acute and chronic health effects. (2)



Identify the factors that could affect the level of harm experienced by an employee exposed to toxic substance. (6)



Give two acute and two chronic health effects from exposure to lead. (2)

Acute effects usually follow a brief exposure to a substance often with quick onset but can be reversible.



Chronic effectseffects

Identify the common routes of entry into the body of hazardous substances. (4)

Respiratory - through the nose and mouth into the lungs. This is the most common route.



Ingestion - through smoking or eating or poor hygiene.



Absorption - through the skin.



Injection - handling contaminated sharp objects.

Identifying the influencing factors of Dermatitis. (4)

Duration and frequency of exposure


Cuts and abrasions


Type and sensitivity of the skin


Existing skin conditions


Poor personal hygiene.


Non use of protective measures.

Outline the effects of the following on the human body. (8)

Asbestos



Carbon monoxide



Silica



Cement dust



Wet cement



wood dust.

Identify eight ways of reducing the risk of a fire starting in a work place.

Good housekeeping
No smoking policy
Waste segregation
COSHH locker/flamvault
Permit to work for hot workers
Good maintenance of equipment
Segregation of incompatible chemicals.
Lubrication of machinery.
Electrical safety. PAT Testing
Identify eight ways of reducing the risk of a fire starting in a work place.

Good housekeeping
No smoking policy
Waste segregation
COSHH locker/flamvault
Permit to work for hot workers
Good maintenance of equipment
Segregation of incompatible chemicals.
Lubrication of machinery.
Electrical safety. PAT Testing
A large item of process equipment is to be cleaned manually with a solvent prior to cleaning.

Outline the the precautions to minimise the risks to people cleaning the equipment. (8)
PPE - solvent protective clothing, respiratory masks

Isolation - let the machinery cool down, cordon off.

Disposal of cleaning materials

Emergency procedures

Precautions following cleaning - fire watch.

WAH - suitable measures

CSHH Assessment to determine application of solvent to determine, clear area. Exposure timings.

Workers to be briefed on the hazards.

Outline the health and safety risks associated with welding operations. (8)

Hot working -



fire and explosion - working with acetylene and oxygen is dangerous and requires a permit to work.



Risk from fumes - the reaction of welding with metal produces dangerous fumes.



Risk of injury from manual handling -

Outline the limitations of exposure limits. (8)
Working conditions eg temperature,

Cumulative factors eg alcohol

Amount of exposure through different routes of entry.

Susceptibility of the individual
Outline the limitations of exposure limits. (8)
Working conditions eg temperature,

Cumulative factors eg alcohol

Amount of exposure through different routes of entry.

Susceptibility of the individual
A dust produced during a work process contains a substance that is classified as toxic and has been assigned a Workplace Exposure Limit(WEL).

Give the meaning of toxic as it relates to a hazardous substance. (2)

Give the meaning of a workplace exposure limit. (2)

Identify factors that may indicate that the WEL has been exceeded. (4)
The meaning of toxic with regards to hazardous substances is that it will cause death in small quantities.

The meaning of WEL is the maximum amount of chemical allowed in the air beyond which health implications may arise.

The factors that may indicate that the workplace exposure limits have been exceeded.

Feeling the effects of exposure

Dust or high levels of residue in the work area.

Increased staff illness or absence.

Monitoring devices alarmed to show levels exceeded.



Identify the limitations of respirators. (6)
Poor fit.
Incompatible with other PPE.
Facial hair.
Incorrect cartridge.
Blocked filter
Contamination.
Identify general biological controls. (3)

Cleaning and disinfecting
Wearing correct and appropriate PPE
Microbiological safety cabinets.
Vermin control.
Personal hygiene.
Immunisation.


Cleaning and disinfecting
Wearing correct and appropriate PPE
Microbiological safety cabinets.
Vermin control.
Personal hygiene.
Immunisation.
Outline the ways of chemical monitoring. (6)
Air sampling -

Grab - sample at a point in time, time averaged - over a period of time.
Continuous - alarm systems

Particulate sampler (personal or static.
Dusts, fibres, fume

Stain tube - vapour, gases
Identify the key features of a LEV System. (6)
Inlet and collection hood
Ventilating ducting
Identify the key features of a LEV System. (6)
Inlet and collection hood
Ventilating ducting
Outline the reason for LEV might not perform the function it was designed for. (8)
E
Identify the key features of a LEV System. (6)
Inlet and collection hood
Ventilating ducting
Filter or other air cleaning devices.
Fan
Exhaust duct
Outline the reason for LEV might not perform the function it was designed for. (8)
Poor design
Lack of maintenance
Good to far away from source of emission
Blocked ducting or filters
Unauthorised settings or modifications
Incorrect settings
Faulty fan
Change in the process increasing the contaminant.
Outline the general requirements of the Environmental Protection Act 1990
Handle waste to prevent unauthorised escape.

Pass waste only to authorised persons

Ensure written description accompanies waste (and complete a waste transfer note giving details of waste)!

Ensure no person commits an offence.
Identify the key features of a LEV System. (6)
Inlet and collection hood
Ventilating ducting
Filter or other air cleaning devices.
Fan
Exhaust duct
Outline the reason for LEV might not perform the function it was designed for. (8)
Poor design
Lack of maintenance
Good to far away from source of emission
Blocked ducting or filters
Unauthorised settings or modifications
Incorrect settings
Faulty fan
Change in the process increasing the contaminant.
Outline the general requirements of the Environmental Protection Act 1990
Handle waste to prevent unauthorised escape.

Pass waste only to authorised persons

Ensure written description accompanies waste (and complete a waste transfer note giving details of waste)!

Ensure no person commits an offence.
Identify the types of waste categories (2)
Controlled:

Household, industrial and commercial waste
Must not deposit without permit and/or in manner likely to cause pollution or harm.

Hazardous

Waste that contains properties that may render it harmful to health of the environment
Outline the Waste hierarchy. (6)
Prevention - change of process
Reduction - improve efficiency of process
Re-use -,recycle waste back into process.
Recovery - recycling or composting
Responsible disposal.
Outline the factors to be taken into consideration when undertaking an assessment of the health risk from an hazardous substance. (8)
Use the headings on the safety data sheet.

What
The substance. What is its toxicity, corrosive or harmful properties.

Physical or Bio properties.

The form the substance is to appear

Routes of entry into the body

The task - what does it require: manual, machinery,

Storage requirements.

Information - examine the safety data sheet.

Existence of workplace exposure limits

Check to see if it is on EH40 list

What specific PPE

Can it be diluted.
Identify the health risk associated with exposure to legionella bacteria (2)

Respiratory diseases
Legionaries disease
Flu like symptoms
Pneumonia
Could cause potential fatal illness.

Outline the circumstances that could cause legionella bacteria to be present in a water storage area. (4)

Temperature - stagnant water not at the right temperature between 20 - 45 degree.

Dead ends - old plumbing systems

Presence of sludge




Identify ways in which people can be exposed to legionella bacteria (2)

Inhaling airborne particles of sort from showers, cooling towers and fountains.

Working on water storage tanks where aspiration occurs
A
Identify the health risk associated with exposure to legionella bacteria (2)

Respiratory diseases
Legionaries disease
Flu like symptoms
Pneumonia
Could cause potential fatal illness.

Outline the circumstances that could cause legionella bacteria to be present in a water storage area. (4)

Temperature - stagnant water not at the right temperature between 20 - 45 degree.

Dead ends - old plumbing systems

Presence of sludge




Identify ways in which people can be exposed to legionella bacteria (2)

Inhaling airborne particles of sort from showers, cooling towers and fountains.

Working on water storage tanks where aspiration occurs
A
Identify possible routes of entry of biological organisms into the body (4)

Outline control measures that could be used to reduce the risk of infection from biological organisms. (4)
Possible routes into the body of biological organisms are;

Absorption
Ingestion
Inhalation
Injection
Through an open wound
Exchange of bodily fluids


Control measures that can be used to reduce the risk of infection from biological organism are;

Proactive hygiene - hand washing, showers, deriving procedures.

Covering open wounds

PPE - this might range from face masks to prevent inhalation to full protective clothing to prevent absorption through the skin.

Immunisation -

Procedures for health surveillance and monitoring.
Reduce the risk
Identify the health risk associated with exposure to legionella bacteria (2)

Outline the circumstances that could cause legionella bacteria to be present in a water storage area. (4)

Identify ways in which people can be exposed to legionella (4)

Respiratory diseases
Legionaries disease
Flu like symptoms
Pneumonia
Could cause potential fatal illness.

Temperature - stagnant water not at the right temperature between 20 - 45 degree.

Dead ends - old plumbing systems

Presence of sludge

Inhaling airborne particles of sort from showers, cooling towers and fountains.

Working on water storage tanks where aspiration or evaporation occurs.

Identify the requirements of the control of noise at work regulations 2005. (6)

Exposure limit values and action values


assessment of risk


eliminate or control exposure


hearing protection


maintenance and use of protection


health surveillance


information instruction and training.

Outline the differences between ionising radiation and non ionising radiation. (2)




identify two types of ionising radiation and give an occupational source in each case. (2)





Ionising radiation attacks the cells of the body causing changes in the DNA leading to abnormal cell growth



Non Ionising radiation heats cells rather than changing their chemical composition.



Ionising radiation



Hospital X-ray worker -x ray radiation



nuclear industry - Gamma Rays



Non Ionising radiation



Infra red -.hot work for example foundrys



microwave - cookers and mobile phones. Housewife



Ultra violet - sun light (outdoor worker)



Lasers - military worker