Health And Lifestyle Test #4

Front 1

metastasize

Back 1

the ability of cancer cells to spread from where they develop to another part of the body

Front 2

malignant tumors

Back 2

masses of cancer cells that invade body tissues and interfere with the normal functioning of tissues and organs

Front 3

mutations

Back 3

changes in genes or chromosomes; damaged genes

Front 4

oncogenes

Back 4

tumor genes that manufacture altered proteins that speed cell growth and decrease the level of cell differentiations

Front 5

tumor-suppressor genes

Back 5

pieces of hereditary material that slow cell growth; anti-oncogenes

Front 6

carcinogenes

Back 6

cancer-causing substances

Front 7

benign

Back 7

encapsulated masses of abnormal cells that remain in one location and do not invade surrounding tissues

Front 8

carcinomas

Back 8

cancer that arise from epithelial tissues

Front 9

sarcomas

Back 9

cancers that arise from connective muscle tissues

Front 10

leukemias

Back 10

cancers of the blood and related cells

Front 11

lymphomas

Back 11

cancers of the lymphatic system

Front 12

cancer screening

Back 12

an examination to detect malignancies in a person who has no systems

Front 13

biopsy

Back 13

a small piece of tissue that is taken from a growth so that the cells can be studied and a diagnosis confirmed

Front 14

cancer staging

Back 14

a description of the extent of the growth and metastasis of a cancer to determine appropriate therapy and prognosis

Front 15

targeted therapies

Back 15

drugs or other substances that block the growth and spread of cancer by interfering with specific molecules involved in tumor growth and progression

Front 16

immunotherapy

Back 16

manipulation of the body's immune system to rid the body of cancer

Front 17

passive smoking

Back 17

the inhalation, by nonsmokers, of tobacco smoke in the air, abestos a fiber-like mineral found in rocks that, when inhaled, can cause lung cancer or other lung conditions

Front 18

radon gas

Back 18

a colorless, odorless, radioactive gas present in the rocks and soils in many areas in the US that, when inhaled can cause mutations in cells

Front 19

colon

Back 19

the largest intestine

Front 20

rectum

Back 20

the lower part of the large intestine

Front 21

fecal occult

Back 21

home test that detects hidden blood in the stool

Front 22

digital rectal exam

Back 22

a test in which a physician uses a gloved finger to feel the rectum or the prostate for abnormal growths

Front 23

sigmoidoscopy

Back 23

a procedure in which a physician views the lower portion of the colon via a flexible fiber-optic tube

Front 24

colonoscopy

Back 24

a procedure in which a physician views the entire length of the colon using a flexible fiber-optic tube

Front 25

lumpectomy

Back 25

surgical removal of a breast tumor, including a layer of surrounding tissue

Front 26

total mastectomy

Back 26

surgical removal of a breast and involved lymph nodes for the treatment of breast cancer

Front 27

radical mastectomy

Back 27

surgical removal of a breast, underlying muscle and underarm fat and lymph nodes as a treatment for breast cancer

Front 28

papanicolaou

Back 28

screening procedure for cervical cancer in which cells from the cervical canal are removed and then smeared on a glass slide for microscopic examination

Front 29

basal cell carcinoma

Back 29

the most common cancer of the skin, which frequently develops on portions of the skin exposed to the sun

Front 30

squamous cell carcinoma

Back 30

a common form of skin cancer that develops from exposure to noxious chemicals and high levels of x-rays, as well as from trauma

Front 31

malignant melanoma

Back 31

a deadly form of skin cancer that develops most often in persons who has been exposed to the sun in short, intense sessions, have had severe sunburn and extensive sun exposure in childhood, or have had first-degree relatives who had the disease

Front 32

testicular self-examination

Back 32

self-screening test that males can perform to detect cancer of the testicles

Front 33

environmental health

Back 33

effects of environmental factors on human and effects of humans on their environments

Front 34

ozone holes

Back 34

depleted areas of the ozone layer in upper atmosphere

Front 35

municipal solid waste

Back 35

nonhazardous refuse generally collected from homes and offices

Front 36

toxic chemicals

Back 36

poisonous substances present in the home, workplace or outdoor environments that affect human health

Front 37

toxicity

Back 37

poisonous quality

Front 38

lead poisoning

Back 38

toxic condition that affects the central nervous system, caused by the ingestion or inhalation of the metallic element lead

Front 39

carbon monoxide poisoning

Back 39

a toxic condition that affects red blood cells' ability to carry oxygen, caused by the inhalation of the gas carbon monoxide

Front 40

pesticides

Back 40

chemicals that kill plant and animal pests and that can cause poisoning when ingested

Front 41

sick building syndrome

Back 41

a variety of vague health-related problems reported by many occupants of large buildings

Front 42

formaldehyde

Back 42

a chemical used in the manufacture of certain building materials and furnishings; may cause health problems when released into indoor air

Front 43

radon gas

Back 43

substance present in the rocks and soils in many areas in the US; may seep through cracks in basements and cause health problems

Front 44

hazardous waste

Back 44

toxic chemical refuse

Front 45

acid precipitation

Back 45

rain, snow, or fog combined with sulfur dioxide from fossil fuel emmisions

Front 46

smog

Back 46

a haze in the atmosphere formed by various pollutions

Front 47

Air Quality Index

Back 47

A guide to air quality that uses levels of various pollutants to determine its values

0 - 50 - good

51- 100 - moderate

101 - 150 - unhealthy for sensitive - orange

151 - 200 - unhealthy - red

200 - 300 - very unhealthy - purple

301 - 500 - hazardous - maroon