Health And Diseases

Front 1

Disease prevention (3 levels)

Back 1

-Primary prevention
-secondary prevention
-tertiary prevention

Front 2

Primary prevention

Back 2

preventing a disease b4 it starts
ex) healthy diets, reg ex., no tobacco, immunization, clean water, air, food

Front 3

secondary prevention

Back 3

-reduce expression, severity of clinical disease among asymptomatic
eg. screening:HIV; cancers

Front 4

Tertiary prevention

Back 4

slow, block disease progession
eg. disease management: HAART use, insulin control in diabetics, anti-clotting medications for CUD

Front 5

epidemiological transition

Back 5

health transition: proportionate mortality by broad cause of death

Front 6

Causes of death in modern world

Back 6

heart disease, cancer, cerebrovascular disease, chronic obstructive lung disease, injuries, diabetes, influenza, alzheimer's, kidney disease, and septicemia
-these differ from those that prevaled 100 years ago but however are a lot more lethal

Front 7

types of diseases

Back 7

-infectious vs non-infectious
-acute vs. chronic
-communicable vs. non-communicable

Front 8

psychosocial impacts on health over time

Back 8

-major differences:
-foodways and sttlement patterns
-Results: Altered nutritional profiles, increased pop. density-> demographic transitions, more social hierarchy, changing morbidity/mortality (less disease resistance, more disease spread, new disease types

Front 9

Main modern day epidemic

Back 9

depression
-it manifests itself physically leading to more health issues

Front 10

Modern day chronic diseases

Back 10

CVD
- it involves the heart and its blood supply, arterial supply to the brain
-usually occurs in older ages leading to disability and even death

Front 11

Risk factors of CVD

Back 11

-modern diet, low physical activity, tobacco, hypertension, social class gradient

Front 12

hit me up with some crzy shit involving cancer

Back 12

-200+ diseases (tumors r neoplasms)
-2nd leading cause of death in U.S killing > 550,000 ppl/year (1 in 4), 1.5 million new cases /year

Front 13

What public health issues can depression lead to?

Back 13

-public health issues of comfort food
-obesity
-widespread use of anti-depressants
-anti-anxiety
-illicit drugs

Front 14

J marks quote

Back 14

"cultural solutions always comes with a price tag: more problems for the next generation to solve, caused by present generation's solution...mo fucka"

Front 15

Thalidomide

Back 15

Used for sedation, combating morning sickness, marketed in 1957 and reached 46 countries by 1960s
-in 1962 it was banned in most countries and the U.S. passed the kefauver harris act- FDA testing, labeling, usage.
-late 1960s - birth defects monitoring. The drug resulted in thousands of miscarriages, malformed babies, deafness and blindness

Front 16

Culture as disease propagator

Back 16

typhoid fever- bacilli transmitted through contaminated body fluids, water and food. It was dubbed by some as disease of filth, measures were taken to prevent transmission.
-1902 R. koch- Healthy disease carrier.lt was later proven in the case of 6/11 NY wealthy family

Front 17

HIV/AIDS (1981)

Back 17

- NY and CA- injections, sexual activities. etc. spread the disease rapidly

Front 18

War in IRAQ has affected health drastically because...

Back 18

-malnouishment and underweighed children due to inavailability of proper nutrition sources
-under 5 mortality rates in iraq has risen more than any other country in the region b/w 1960 -2005, the war has shot down life expectancy of all births as well as boasted mortality in adults.
-Iraq is in no way equipped to handle trauma they were left to deal with. Children permanently scared thinking they wouldn't live to adulthood, absence of mental health facilities made matters only worse.

Front 19

disease exposure is directly shaped by...

Back 19

cultural forces, and social choices

Front 20

Effects of poverty on health

Back 20

-poor nutrition (little fiber, excess fat and sweets) resulting in 50% overweight or at risk of being overweight.
-inability to meet basic children needs led to acute health problems, growth delay in height
-Low Birth Weight, Asthma, ear disease, hearing loss, viral illness, lead exposure, under/over nutrition, cognitive delays, school absences and dropout rate increases and hospitalization

Front 21

Poverty and the american medical association

Back 21

-maternal height reflects early life biocultural growth outcome and affects mortality and morbidity risk later in life, as well as child mortality, anthropometric failure, and anemia in india.

Front 22

Re-emerging diseases

Back 22

ones that increase, after declining, due to changes in health status
-influenza virus

Front 23

Impact of influenza pandemic on population

Back 23

-1918-19-20- 40 million deaths worldwide. (Spanish flu) H1N1
- >550,000 US deaths
-1957-58- (asian flu) H2N2- 70,000 US deaths
-1968-1969 (hong kong) H3N2 ~ 34,000 US deaths
-Recent interpandemic influenza ("business as usual")
~36000 US deaths
->200,000 US hospitalizations
-2009 influenza outbreak is not an epidemic, however, broad regional and now global eruption gives potential for pandemic
-Question to ask when investigating similar potential threats?
-is it a truly novel viral strain or has it been endemic but not noticed b4?
-spread by human contact?