Health 9 Exam Review

Front 1

health

Back 1

state of well-being in which all of the componets of health are in balance

Front 2

Factors of Health

Back 2

Physical
Emothional
Social
Mental
Spiritual
Environmental

Front 3

Influences on Health/Wellness

Back 3

Hereditary
Social
Cultural
Environmental
Behaviors
Health Care Services

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wellness

Back 4

the achievement of a person's best in all six components of health

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It takes __ ____ to acquire a habit and __ ____ to get rid of that habit

Back 5

3 days
3 months

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Steps of Changing a Behavior

Back 6

Regonize
Motivate
Commit

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Regonize

Back 7

be aware that a change must occur

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Motivate

Back 8

have internal desire to change

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Commit

Back 9

be serious about the change

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self-esteem

Back 10

measure of how much you value, respect, and feel confident about yourself

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self-concept

Back 11

view of yourself and your role in life

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ideal self

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acting and believing in same things all the time regardless of who, what, or where you are

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personality

Back 13

mixture of how you feel, think, and act that makes you different from everyone else

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ABCs of Personality

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Attitude
Behaviors
Character traits

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two effects on personality

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environment
heredity

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values

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strong beliefs, ideal, rules that you feel are important to live by

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conscience

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part of you that distinguishes between right and wrong

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emotion

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feeling that is produced in response to life experiences

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defense mechanism

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an unconscious thought or behavior used to avoid experiencing unpleasant emotions

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daydreaming

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imagining pleasant things to distract yourself from unpleasant reality

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regression

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using childlike expressions of emotion

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rationalization

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justifying behavior

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denial

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failure to accept reality

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stress

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the body's and mind's response to a demand

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stressors

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any situation that puts a demand on the body or mind

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homeostasis

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body's state of normal balance

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personality types

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Type A: very productive, busy bee
Type B: laid back, and goes with the flow

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chronic fatigue syndrome

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extreme fatigue and physical exhaustion

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Where does suicide rank as far as causes of death in teens?

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third leading cause of death

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Beta-Endrophins

Back 30

hormones released during exercise that make you feel good

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Power Naps

Back 31

20-30 minutes that allow the body to re-charge and re-focus

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imagery

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visualizing a place in your mind where you are safe and comfortable

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progressive relaxation

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releasing stress fro your body by tightening and relaxing each part of your body

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relationship

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a bond or connection you have with another person

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acquaintances

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someone you are familiar with but not especially close to

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professional relationships

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people you relate to in order to achive success and work together

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friends

Back 37

people who enjoy being together and enjoy similar things, interests, goals, and attitudes

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family

Back 38

people that raise you and care for you that you share a lifelong bond with

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Keys to Good Relationships

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Open Communication
Maintaining a sense of self
Cooperation
Respect

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stereotype

Back 40

exaggerated and over simplified beliec anbout an entire group of people

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conflict responses

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avoidance
confrontation
resolution

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avoidance (def)

Back 42

a person denies there is a conflict, or attempts to appoase others at their own expense

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avoidance (type)

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lose-lose

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confrontation (def)

Back 44

when parties try and settle a disagreement by one group using hostile, defiant, or agressive actions

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confrontation (type)

Back 45

win-lose

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resolution (def)

Back 46

parties use resolutionn skills to solve the problem in a non-violent way so that both parties are happy

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resolution (type)

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win-win

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rape

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forced sexual acts

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sexual harassment

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subjecting a person to unwanted verbal, physical, or sexual advances

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horomones

Back 50

chemical substances that comes from the endocrine glands/organs through the blood to regulate growth and activity

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pituitary gland

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found in the brain, regulates growth hormones

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eggs

Back 52

the female reproductive unit that must combine with the sperm to create an embryo

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menopause

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stoppage of the menstrual cycle, usuallly between the ages of 45-55 years of age

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ovulation

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egg is released from the ovary through the fallopian tube to the uterus. endometruim lining thickens in preparation for a fertilized egg

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menstruation

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if the egg does not become fertilized in the fallopian tube the endometruim lining and the egg will break down into fluids. these fluids along with the blood are discarded through the vagina. usually lasts 3-7 days, a complete cycle is usually 26-30 days

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sperm

Back 56

cell that fertilizes egg

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3 parts of sperm

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head
body
whip like tail

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fertilization

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joining of the egg and sperm

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embryo

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name of a fertillized egg during the first two months

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fetus

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name of a fertilized egg after 3rd month

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umbilical cord

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cord that connects baby to the placenta so that blood, oxygen, and nutrients can be passed from mother to child

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birth

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approcimately 36-40 weeks after fertillization

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stage one of labor

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mild contractions in the abdoment pushing the baby against the cervix causing it to dilate

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stage two of labor

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baby passes through the cervix and moves into the birth canal head appears first, shoulders, then rest of body

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stage three of labor

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after the baby is born, the muscles of the uterus continue to contract causing the placenta and umbilical cord to separate from the ining of the uterus-also called afterbirth

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identical twins

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developed from the same fertilized egg

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fraternal twins

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develop at the same time but from different fertilized eggs

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breech birth

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feet or buttocks of the baby start to come out first
-either turn baby around during labor or a cesarean section

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the ________ determines the sex

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father

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XX

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female

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XY

Back 71

male

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tobacco is a

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stimulant drug

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stimulant drug

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increase heat rate, shrinks blood vessels, and raises your blood pressure-speeds up body

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alcohol is a

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psychoactive drug and a depressant

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depressant

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drug that slows the body

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alcohol and tobacco are

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gateway drugs

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smokeless tobacco contains as many if not mre carcinogens as

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cigarettes

Front 78

types of tobacco

Back 78

snuff/dip
chewing tobacco
cigaraettes
cigars
herbal cigarettes
pipe

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types of alcohol

Back 79

beer
wine
liquor
wine cooler

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nicotine

Back 80

addictive factor in tobacco that is absorbed quickly into the blood stream and causes heart rate to rise, blood vessels constrict, and skin temperatures to drop

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carbon monoxide

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highly poisonous gas that is odorless and colorless, gas given off by smoke and replaces the oxygen in the blood andn effects vision, hearingg, shortness of breath, judgement

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there is ____ to ____ nutritional value to alcohol, in fact, it actually prevents ____ of key vitamens minerals

Back 82

little to no
absorption

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multiplier effect

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the process of one drug increasing the effects of another drug, combining two drugs at the same time can cause the effects to be doubled and more dangerous

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liver can clean __ drink/ ___

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one
hour

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social drinker

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consumes less than one drink per day

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moderate drinker

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no more than one ounce of alcohol per day

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heavy drinker

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over four drinks per day

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binge drinking

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five or more drinks in one setting, drink to get drunk

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lueoplakia

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oral cancer, small white patches on the lips, gums, tongue, or inner cheeks, these are not cancer cells but are signs that cancer may be present

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bronchitis

Back 90

an inflamation of the mucous membrane that lines the air passages

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alcoholism

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disease characterized by a physical or psychologiical dependence on alcohol

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cirrhosis

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acculmation of dead liver cells from alcohol and scar tissue may lead to the liver failing, a scarring of the liver that impairs its functioning

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___ of the alcohol we take in is broken down by the liver

Back 93

95%

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side stream smoke

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smoke from the burning end of a cigarette, cigar, or pipe

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patch

Back 95

a small round patch that sticks to the body and provides a set dosage of nicotine through the skin

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gum

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piece of gum that is chewed and as the person chews the gum releases nicotine which is absorbed through the tissue in the mouth

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nasal spray

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like a nasal decongestant that is sprayed into the nose and the nicotine is absorbed through the linings of the nassal passages

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inhalants

Back 98

look like cigarettes that have a nicotine plug stuck in them and are inhaled similar to cigarettes

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Hallucinogens

Back 99

drug class-includes LSD, peyote, PCP, mushrooms
swallowed,smoked
effects-sensory illusionsm distortion of reality, dizziness, enhance emotions

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Narcotics

Back 100

drug class-includes Heroin, opium, morphine, codeine
smoked, inhaled, swallowed, snorted
effects-euphoria, feelings of well-being, relaxation, drowsiness, pain relief

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muscular strength

Back 101

amount of fouce that a muscle can apply in a given contraction

Front 102

muscular endurance

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the ability of the muscles to keep working over a period of time

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cardiorespiratory endurance

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the ability of your heart, blood vessels, lungs, and blood to deliver oxygen and nutrients to all of your body's cells while you are physically active

Front 104

flexibility

Back 104

the ability of the joints to move through their full range of motion

Front 105

body composition

Back 105

the ration of lean body tissue (muscle and body) to body-fat tissue

Front 106

target heart rate

Back 106

a heart rate range within which the most gains in cardiorespiratory health will occur
normal:60-85% of your max. heart rate

Front 107

nutrition

Back 107

the science or study of food and the ways in which the body uses food

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energy providing nutrients

Back 108

carbohydrates, fats, proteins

Front 109

regulating and assisting nutrients

Back 109

vitamens, minerals, water

Front 110

carbohydrates __ calories per gram

Back 110

4

Front 111

fats __ calories per gram

Back 111

9

Front 112

proteins __ calories per gram

Back 112

4

Front 113

carbohydrates

Back 113

sugar and starches found in food
45-65% of diet

Front 114

simple carbohydrates

Back 114

types of sugars found in food that are easily broken down and enter the bloodstream rapidly

Front 115

simple carbohydrates end in

Back 115

-ose

Front 116

complex carbohydrates

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made up of many sugars that are connected together called starches

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fibers

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type of complex carbohydrate but provides little energy and is not digestible

Front 118

fats

Back 118

made up of liqids found in food
25-35% of diet

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types of fat

Back 119

saturated
unsaturated
trans

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saturated

Back 120

fats that are solid at room temperature and come from animal foods such as meat and milk products

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unsaturated

Back 121

fats that are a liquid at room temperature and are commonly from plants

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trans fat

Back 122

oils that are made into hard margarines and increase risk of heart disease
worst fat

Front 123

types of cholesterol

Back 123

LDL
HDL

Front 124

LDL

Back 124

bad cholesterol, sticks to arteries

Front 125

HDL

Back 125

good cholesterol

Front 126

proteins

Back 126

used in the body to help build new cells and repair old ones, also forms hormones, enzynes, antibodies, and other important molecules.
10-35% of diet

Front 127

proteins are made up of ____ ____. there are a total of __ of them, but your body can only make __, so the other __ must be obtained through food

Back 127

amino acids
20
11
9

Front 128

what happens to excess protein?

Back 128

some is removed the other part is stored as fat

Front 129

what will happen if you do not have enough protein?

Back 129

your body will start to eat away at own protein in body (muscles and organs)

Front 130

vitamins

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class of nutrients that contain carbon and are needed in small amounts to maintain health and allow growth

Front 131

minerals

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class of nutrients that are chemical elements needed for certain processes such as bone formation and enzyme activity

Front 132

osteoporosis

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body lacks the mineral calcium and bones become brittle -deficiency

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hypertension

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body has too much of the mineral sodium and causes high blood pressure -toxicity

Front 134

water

Back 134

60% of body, assists in transportation of nutrients and oxygen in the body, helps rid body of waste, and also regulates body temperature

Front 135

how much water should you drink in a day?

Back 135

half your body weight in ounces

Front 136

Basal Metabolic Rate

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minimum amount of energy needed to keep you alive when you are at rest, fasting, or just after you wake up

Front 137

mental illness

Back 137

a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder that interferes with one or more major activities in life

Front 138

anorexia nervosa

Back 138

refusing to eat normally, or retain food in the body (excessive dieting resulting in self starvation)

Front 139

bulimia

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binging and purging

Front 140

multiple personality disorder

Back 140

when a person develps two or more personalities, usually the main person knows of the other personalities and knows of lost time when another personality is in control

Front 141

general anxiety disorder (GAD)

Back 141

irrational or unwanted responses to harmless objects, having a fear for no apparent reason (uncontrollable worrying)

Front 142

phobias

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major fear of objects, places, or feelings that can either be learned or conditioned, these fears and constant, unreasonable fears of a specific situation or object

Front 143

panic disorder/attacks

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sudden feelings that something bad is about to happen (short lasting) usually seem to have no cause but are related to something, during this things seem to be unreal or imagined

Front 144

obsessive compulsive

Back 144

a recurring thought that creates a desire to behave in a certain way

Front 145

post traumatic stress

Back 145

experience a traumatic event that causes stress for a long time, "shell shock" or "combat fatigue"
may happen right after event or weeks or months later

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depression

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a state of sadness, helplessness, and hopelessness that lasts for an extended period of time and effects a person's ability to function in everyday living

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bipolar disorder/manic depression

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wildly elated and impulsive mood followed by periods of sever depressioin along with normal moods
may feell out of control and have violent behaviors

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psychiatrist

Back 148

medical doctor who specializes in the treatment and prevention of mental disorders, can also prescribe medicines

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psychologist

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therapist specialized in the techniques and theories of mental illnesses

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psychotherapy

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sessions of personal discussions between a person and a therapist

Front 151

epididymis (sex)

Back 151

male

Front 152

testes (sex)

Back 152

male

Front 153

uterus (sex)

Back 153

female

Front 154

hysterectomy (sex)

Back 154

female

Front 155

cowper gland (sex)

Back 155

male

Front 156

seminal vesicle (sex)

Back 156

male

Front 157

pap smear (sex)

Back 157

female

Front 158

cervix (sex)

Back 158

female

Front 159

vas deferens (sex)

Back 159

male

Front 160

vasectomy (sex)

Back 160

male

Front 161

circumcision (sex)

Back 161

male

Front 162

ovary (sex)

Back 162

female

Front 163

fallopian tube (sex)

Back 163

female

Front 164

endometrial lining (sex)

Back 164

female

Front 165

prostate (sex)

Back 165

male

Front 166

adrenaline

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epinephrine (hormone)

Front 167

statutory rape

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illegal sexual activity between two people when it would otherwise be legal if not for their age

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identity

Back 168

the condition of being oneself, and not another under all conditions