Health 51B Test 1

Front 1

Homeostasis

Back 1

to keep normal state

Front 2

Asymptomatic

Back 2

showing no symptoms or signs of a disease or disorder

Front 3

Disease

Back 3

deviation from normal structure or function that interrupts or modifies the performance of vital function

Front 4

Diagnosis

Back 4

Determination of the nature of a cause of a disease.

Process of identifying a disease or disorder from its signs and symptoms.

Front 5

Prognosis

Back 5

Predicted course and outcome of a disease

Front 6

Terminal Disease

Back 6

an advanced stage of a disease with an unfavorable prognosis and no known cure.

Front 7

Acute disease

Back 7

sudden onset and short duration (less six month)

Front 8

Chronic disease

Back 8

disease has slower, less severe onset and long duration of months or years ( over six month)

Front 9

Remission

Back 9

the period of a chronic disease when signs and symptoms subside

Front 10

Exacerbation

Back 10

Period of a chronic disease when signs and symptoms recur in all their severity

Front 11

Sequela

Back 11

aftermath of a particular disease, such as permanent damage to the heart after rheumatic fever

Front 12

Complication

Back 12

conditions that develop in a patient already suffering from a disease

Front 13

Auscultation

Back 13

Listening with a stethoscope for sounds within the body, such as heart valve sounds or the lungs, during an exam.

Front 14

Inspection

Back 14

visual examination for detection of features or qualities perceptible to the eye

Front 15

Palpation

Back 15

the act of feeling with the hand

Front 16

Percussion

Back 16

a diagnostic procedure designed to determine the density of a body part by the sound produced by tapping the surface with the finger or a pleassor, performed primarily over the chest to determine presence of normal air content in the lungs and over the abdomen to evaluate air in the loops of intestine and the size of solid organs such as the liver and spleen

Front 17

Computed Tomography (CT Scan)

Back 17

Diagnostic imaging technique used to make diagnosis and determine the location of lesions or growths inside the body.

Front 18

Nuclear medicine

Back 18

The clinical discipline concerned with the diagnostic and therapeutic uses of radiosondes, including sealed radiation sources

Front 19

Radiography

Back 19

Examination of any part of the body for diagnostic purposes by means of x-rays with the record of the findings usually exposed onto photographic film

Front 20

Ultrasound

Back 20

Imaging technique utilizing low-frequency sound waves

Front 21

Incidence

Back 21

rate of occurrence of new cases of a particular disease in a population being studied

Front 22

Morbidity

Back 22

incidence of disease

Front 23

Mortality

Back 23

number of deaths attributed to a disease in a given time or place

Front 24

Prevalence

Back 24

Percentage of a population that is affected with a particular disease at a given time

Front 25

CDC

Back 25

Centers for disease control and prevention

Front 26

Etiology

Back 26

Cause of disease

Front 27

Inherited disease

Back 27

Derived from a performed genetic code present in the parent

Front 28

Degenerative Disease

Back 28

organs progressively deteriorate over time

Front 29

Risk Factors

Back 29

the elements that may contribute to or increase the risk to one's health, economic stability, or personal and professional liability

Front 30

How does the immune system protect the body?

Back 30

+ White blood cells

+lyse

+antigens

Front 31

Natural killer cells are a type of?

Back 31

Lymphoctyte

Front 32

Consequence of a high fever

Back 32

Dehydration, nausea, disorientation, hallucinations, seizures, and convulsions

Front 33

after an injury, the damaged cells release which potent chemicals?

Back 33

Histamine

Front 34

Cell-mediated immunity

Back 34

Immune response in which cells such as phagocytes and T-cells provide defense against abnormal cells, transplanted tissues organs, and intracellular pathogens; immunity provided by special cells in contrast to humoral immunity that is provided by antibodies

Front 35

Which immune cells are reponsible for cell-meidated ummunity?

Back 35

Phagocytes and T-cells

Front 36

how does helper T cells become activate

Back 36

Antigen-presenting cells

Front 37

Plasma cell

Back 37

cells that develop from B cell and produce antibodies

Front 38

Systemic Lupus Erythematosis

Back 38

chronic disease that can have phases of worsening symptoms that alternate with periods of mild symptoms

Signs and symptoms: fatigue, joint pain, rash, and fever.

idiopathic

Front 39

Discoid rash

Back 39

circular rash

Signs and symptoms: areas of rash are circular

Front 40

Scleroderma is a chronic autoimmune disease of which type of tissue

Back 40

connective tissue

signs: leather like skin that lost range of motion

Front 41

Hypersensitivity. Type I is also known as? Type II is also known as? Type III is also known as? Type IV is also known as?

Back 41

Type I: Local allergy

Type II: Cytotoxic : incompatible blood transfusion

Type III: immune complex hypersensitivity: trigger inflammation and tissue destruction.

Type IV: Delayed Hypersensitivities: takes time to fully effect

Front 42

Which type of hypersensitivity is allergy

Back 42

Type I

Front 43

sjogrens diagram

Back 43

Is a chronic, slowly progressive autoimmune disease that affects the exocrine glands of the body

Signs and symptoms: dry eyes and mouth

Idiopathic

Front 44

Lyse

Back 44

rapture. Breaking down of the membrane of a cell

Front 45

A type I allergic reaction is triggered by which immunoglobulin that responds to the presence of allergens?

Back 45

antigen

Front 46

Which type of hypersensitivity is the response to an incompatible blood transfusion? Allergy shots induce the production of which immunoglobulin in the blood, which coats the allergen and blocks it from binding to IgG in the tissues?

Back 46

+ Cytotoxic

+

Front 47

AIDS is characterized by a reduction in the number of which immune cells?

Back 47

T cells

Front 48

HIV is detected by using which test?

Back 48

+Screening test

+ELISA

+Western blot

Front 49

What is the cause of Hodgkin's lymphoma?

Back 49

It's idiopathic

Front 50

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is a cancer of which of the body's cells or system?

Back 50

Lymphocytes

Front 51

Signs and symptoms of Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma are?

Back 51

Painless swelling of the lymph nodes, fatigue, pain, unexplained fever soaking night sweats, itchy skin, coughing, trouble breathing, chest pain, swelling or a feeling of fullness in the abdomen, and unexplained weight loss

Front 52

Pathogen

Back 52

Microorganism that causes disease

Front 53

Infectious diseases transmitted directly by human contact are said to be?

Back 53

Horizontal transmission (in this case direct transmission)

Front 54

People who harbor infectious disease but do not have signs or symptoms are know as?

Back 54

Carrier

Front 55

Which diseases are transmitted primarily by direct contact?

Back 55

+ ringworm

+ HIV/AIDS

+ The common cold

+ Influenza

Front 56

Opportunistic Pathogen

Back 56

An infectious microorganism that is normally a commensal or does not harm its host but can cause disease when the host's resistance is low.

Front 57

Normal Flora

Back 57

Microorganisms normally associated with the human body.

Front 58

Isolation

Back 58

Keeping an infected person in the hospital or at home and not in contact with other persons as a way of controlling the transmission of infectious disease.

Front 59

Quarantine

Back 59

Separation of persons who may or may not be infected from healthy people until the period of infectious risk is passed.

Front 60

Disinfection

Back 60

Reducing the risk of infection or contamination

Front 61

Respiratory Etiquette

Back 61

Prevent the spread of infectious diseases

Front 62

vaccinations

Back 62

administration of antigenic material (a vaccine) to stimulate an individual's immune system to develop adaptive immunity to a pathogen

Front 63

Standard Precautions. Which pathogens must carry out their life processes by entering cells and directing the cell's energy, materials, and organelles?

Back 63

Viruses

Front 64

Human papilloma virus is linked to which cancers

Back 64

cervical cancer; vagina, vulva, penis, anus, rectum, and oropharynx

Front 65

Bacteria that have spherical (round) shapes are called?

Back 65

Spirilla

Front 66

One classification of protozoa move by mean of numerous hair like projections called?

Back 66

Cilia

Front 67

Endospores

Back 67

Structures produced by bacteria and formed to cope with harsh environmental conditions

Front 68

mycoses

Back 68

infectious disease caused by fungi

Front 69

Antibiotic resistance plays an important role ion the increased incidence of what type of infections?

Back 69

Bacterial infection

Front 70

Rubeola virus

Back 70

spread by respiratory droplets or airborne transmission.

Signs and symptoms: Fever, cough, runny nose, and fatigue

Front 71

Paramyxovirus

Back 71

includes para-influenza viruses and mumps virus

Front 72

Rubella virus

Back 72

highly contagious and is spread by respiratory droplets, by airborne transmission, and can also be transmitted from pregnant women to the fetus.

syndrome when infection occurs during the first week of pregnancy

Front 73

characteristics of malignant tumors

Back 73

invade part of the skin

Front 74

Osteosarcome

Back 74

A type of bone cancer that begins in the cell that form bones.

Front 75

Mutations

Back 75

an alternation on a DNA or RNA

Front 76

tumor suppressor genes

Back 76

tells cell when not to divide so oncogenes say when to divide

Front 77

Tumor markers

Back 77

abnormal levels or substances found in the blood of cancer patients; used to monitor the presence of cancer and the extent of disease.

Front 78

malignant tumors are generally graded on a scale of?

Back 78

1 to 4

Front 79

staging of tumors TNM

Back 79

Tumor, lymph Nodes, and Metastasis. Based on the size and/or extent .

The TNM system is based on the size and/or extent (reach) of the primary tumor (T), the amount of spread to nearby lymph nodes (N), and the presence of metastasis (M) or secondary tumors formed by the spread of cancer cells to other parts of the body

Front 80

Side effects of chemotherapy

Back 80

anemia, hair loss, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea

Front 81

Is cancer is characterized by uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the body?

Back 81

True

Front 82

is is true that a benign tumor may grow and enlarge in an area but will not invade surrounding tissue or spread to other parts of the body

Back 82

True

Front 83

Is it true that under a microscope the cell of a malignant tumor do not resemble cells of their origin?

Back 83

Ture

Front 84

is an adenocarcinoma is a malignant tumor of gland

Back 84

ture

Front 85

Is it ture that the signs and symptoms of cancer will depend on the location of the tumor, its size, and how much it affects the organs or tissues in the area

Back 85

ture

Front 86

Is it true that particular viruses and bacteria can serve as carcinogens?

Back 86

true

Front 87

Is it true that mutations may be caused by cancer causing agents called carcinogens?

Back 87

true

Front 88

Signs and symptoms of cancer

Back 88

depends on the location

General: unexplained wight loss, fever, fatigue, pain, and skin changes

Front 89

Radiation treatment

Back 89

uses high energy rays to damage DNA cells, interfering with cell division and growth. Kill both cancer and normal cells

Front 90

Chemotherapy

Back 90

uses medications that target rapidly dividing cells and, therefore, kills cancer cells and some normal cells

Front 91

Hormone Therapy

Back 91

uses medications can suppress hormone synthesis or block the action of hormones

Front 92

Immunotherapy

Back 92

stimulates and strengthens the immune system so it can recognize and kill cancer cells