Head/face

Front 1

cradle cap

Back 1

colloquialism for seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp of the newborn, a red, waxy scaling seen in the third to fourth week.

Front 2

cephalhematoma

Back 2

A collection of blood beneath the periosteum, frequently seen in a newborn as a result of birth trauma; contrasted with caput succedaneum, in which the effusion overlies the periosteum and consists of serum.

Front 3

caput succedaneum

Back 3

an edematous swelling formed on the presenting portion of the scalp of an infant during birth; the effusion overlies the periosteum; contrasted with cephalhematoma, in which the effusion lies under the periosteum and consists of blood rather than serum.

Front 4

bruit

Back 4

. A harsh or musical intermittent auscultatory sound, especially an abnormal one.

Front 5

acromegaly

Back 5

A disorder marked by progressive enlargement of peripheral parts of the body, especially the head, face, hands, and feet, resulting from excessive secretion of somatotropin; organomegaly and metabolic disorders occur; diabetes mellitus may develop.

Front 6

craniosynostosis

Back 6

Premature ossification of the cranium and obliteration of the sutures. The particular sutures involved determine the resultant shape of the malformed head.
Synonyms: craniostosis

Front 7

craniotabes

Back 7

A disease marked by the presence of areas of thinning and softening in the bones of the skull and widening of the sutures and fontanelles. Usually of syphilitic or rachitic origin.

Front 8

crust

Back 8

1. A hard outer layer or covering; cutaneous crusts are often formed by dried serum or pus on the surface of a ruptured blister or pustule.
2. A scab.

Front 9

dandruff

Back 9

The presence, in varying amounts, of white or gray scales in the hair of the scalp, due to excessive or normal branny exfoliation of the epidermis.

Front 10

Fontanelle

Back 10

One of several membranous intervals between the angles and margins of the cranial bones in the infant; they include the midline anterior and posterior fontanelles, and the paired sphenoidal and mastoid fontanelles.

Front 11

microcephaly

Back 11

Abnormal smallness of the head; applied to a cranium with a capacity less than 1350 mL. Usually associated with mental retardation.

Front 12

suture

Back 12

1. A form of fibrous joint in which two bones formed in membrane are united by a fibrous membrane continuous with the periosteum.
2. To unite two surfaces by sewing.
3. The material (silk thread, wire, synthetic material, etc.) with which two surfaces are kept in apposition.
4. The seam so formed, a surgical

Front 13

wen

Back 13

Old term for pilar cyst.

Front 14

pilar cyst

Back 14

a common cyst of the skin, especially the scalp; contains sebum and keratin; lined by pale-staining stratified epithelial cells derived from follicular trichilemma.

Front 15

sebaceous cyst

Back 15

Synonyms: pilar cyst

Front 16

cachexia

Back 16

A general weight loss and wasting occurring in the course of a chronic disease or emotional disturbance.

Front 17

cretinism

Back 17

Obsolete term for congenital hypothyroidism.

Front 18

congenital hypothyroidism

Back 18

lack of thyroid secretion.

Front 19

infantile hypothyroidism

Back 19

hypothyroidism that can be due to endemic congenital goiter; nonendemic cases are usually due to defective thyroidal embryogenesis, defective hypothalamopituitary function, congenital defects in thyroid hormone synthesis or action, or intrauterine exposure to goitrogenic agents.

Front 20

Down syndrome

Back 20

a chromosomal dysgenesis syndrome consisting of a variable constellation of abnormalities caused by triplication or translocation of chromosome 21. The abnormalities include mental retardation, retarded growth, flat hypoplastic face with short nose, prominent epicanthic skin folds, small low-set ears with prominent antihelix, fissured and thickened tongue, laxness of joint ligaments, pelvic dysplasia, broad hands and feet, stubby fingers, and transverse palmar crease. Lenticular opacities and heart disease are common. The incidence of leukemia is increased and Alzheimer disease is almost inevitable by age 40 years.

Front 21

macrognathia

Back 21

Enlargement or elongation of the jaw.

Front 22

micrognathia

Back 22

Abnormal smallness of the jaws, especially of the mandible.

Front 23

myxedema

Back 23

Hypothyroidism characterized by a relatively hard edema of subcutaneous tissue, with increased content of mucins (proteoglycans) in the interstitial fluid; characterized by somnolence, slow mentation, dryness and loss of hair, increased fluid in body cavities such as the pericardial sac, subnormal temperature, hoarseness, muscle weakness, and slow return of a muscle to the neutral position after a tendon jerk; usually caused by removal or loss of functioning thyroid tissue.

Front 24

nephrotic syndrome

Back 24

clinical state characterized by edema, albuminuria, decreased plasma albumin, doubly refractile bodies in the urine, and usually increased blood cholesterol; lipid droplets may be present in the cells of the renal tubules, but the basic lesion is increased permeability of the glomerular capillary basement membranes, of unknown cause or resulting from glomerulonephritis, diabetic glomerulosclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, amyloidosis, renal vein thrombosis, or hypersensitivity to various toxic agents.

Front 25

temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD, TMJ)

Back 25

chronic or impaired function of the temporomandibular articulation

Front 26

deviation

Back 26

. A turning away or aside from the normal point or course.
2. An abnormality.
3. In psychiatry and the behavioral sciences, a departure from an accepted norm, role, or rule.
4. A statistical measure representing the difference between an individual value in a set of values and the mean value in that set.

Front 27

discharge (DC)

Back 27

1. That which is emitted or evacuated, as an excretion or a secretion.. The activation or firing of a neuron.

Front 28

edema

Back 28

1. An accumulation of an excessive amount of watery fluid in cells or intercellular tissues.
2. At the gross level, used to describe the physical sign commonly likened to swelling or increased girth that often accompanies the accumulation of fluid in a body part, most often a limb.

Front 29

epistaxis

Back 29

Bleeding from the nose.

Front 30

exudate

Back 30

Any fluid or semisolid that has exuded out of a tissue or its capillaries, more specifically because of injury or inflammation (peritoneal pus in peritonitis, or the exudate that forms a scab over a skin abrasion) in which case it is characteristically high in protein and white blood cells.

Front 31

furuncle

Back 31

A localized pyogenic infection, most frequently by Staphylococcus aureus, originating deep in a hair follicle

Front 32

perforation

Back 32

Abnormal opening in a hollow organ or viscus.

Front 33

polyp

Back 33

A general descriptive term used with reference to any mass of tissue that bulges or projects outward or upward from the normal surface level, thereby being macroscopically visible as a hemispheroidal, spheroidal, or irregular moundlike structure growing from a relatively broad base or a slender stalk; polyps may be neoplasms, foci of inflammation, degenerative lesions, or malformations.

Front 34

acute rhinitis

Back 34

an acute inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose, marked by sneezing, lacrimation, and a profuse secretion of watery mucus; usually associated with infection by one of the common cold viruses of acute allergic rhinitis.

Front 35

chronic rhinitis

Back 35

a protracted sluggish inflammation of the nasal mucous membrane; in the later stages the mucous membrane with its glands may be thickened (hypertrophic rhinitis) or thinned (atrophic rhinitis).

Front 36

allergic rhinitis

Back 36

rhinitis associated with hay fever; allergic rhinitis is manifest by sneezing, rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, pruritus of the nose, ears, palate; may also occur concurrently with allergic conjunctivitis.

Front 37

turbinate

Back 37

A bone shaped like a child's toy top, especially referring to turbinated bones.

Front 38

vascular

Back 38

Relating to or containing blood vessels.