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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When should you suspect a head/neck neoplasm?
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Patient has a cough/sore throat that won't go away who has relevant risk factors
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What are common symptoms for the presence of a head/neck neoplasm?
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Pharyngitis
Dysphagia Otalgia Odynophagia Neck mass/lump |
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What is the main kind of Head/Neck cancer?
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SCC
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What are red flags in a HPI?
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Odynophagia
Dysphagia Respiratory compromise Otalgia (REFERRED PAIN FROM LARYNX!) Weight loss Ulcers Masses Facial pain |
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What are the major risk factors for head/neck cancers?
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Smoking
Drinker! HPV infection (50% OR OROPHARYNGEAL CANCERS!) Environmental. Eskimos |
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What are important components of the physical exam to look for head/neck cancers?
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Palpation of available mucosal surfaces
Looking at everything you can look at |
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What are some labs for head/neck cancer/
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THere aren't any.
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What is imaging that you should do with head/neck tumors?
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CT scan: operative planning
MRI |
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What structures of the head/neck are good to image with US?
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Thyroid
Salivary gland Congenital cysts |
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What are ways that you should get a biopsy of a head/neck mass?
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Fine-needle aspiration
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When should you refer?
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Neck mass in adult
Persistent neck mass after one course of antibiotics Any persistent symptoms Parotid mass |
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What's on the differential diagnosis for a mass in a kid? Older adult?
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Peds: Infectious/inflammatory, congenital, neoplasm
Older?: Neoplasm, infectious/inflammtory, conenital |
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What re some congenital causes of neck masses?
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Branchial cleft cyst
Thyroglossal duct cyst Dermoid Hemantioma |
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What are some of the infectious/inflammatory conditions that cause a neck mass?
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Adenitis
Sialadentitis Abscess |
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What are some primary neoplasms of the neck?
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Lymphoma
Thyroid Salivary Vascular Neurogenic Sarcoma |
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What is the most common kind of tumor of the neck?
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Skin cancer!
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What kinds of skin cancer show up on the neck?
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Basal cell (80%)
Squamous cell (20%) |
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What re some risk factors for mucosal squamous cell cancer?
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Tobacco
Alcohol HPV |
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What are symptoms/sings of mucosal squamous cell cancer?
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Weight loss
Painless laryngitis White patch red patch Otalgia, pharyngitis, odynophagia |
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Where can mucosal squamous cell cancer come from?
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Anywhere in the upper respiatory tract
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What is the therapy for mucosal squamous cell cancer?
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Surgery
Radiation +/- chemotherapy 30-505 die |
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What are the most common types of thyroid cancer?
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Papillary
Follicular Medullary Anaplastic (rare, fatal) |
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What are the risk factors for thyroid cancer?
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Radiation exposure
Rapid growth, voice changes Neck mass, vocal fold paralysis |
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What's the therapy for thyroid cancer?
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Surgery
Iodine 131 External beam radiation Chemotherapy (ONLY FOR ANAPLASTIC) |
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Where are common places of saliveray gland neoplasm?
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Parotid (80% benign, 20% malignant)
Submandibular (50% benign, 50% malignant) Sublingual (40% benign, 60% malignant) |
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What's the therapy for saliveary gland tumors?
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Surgery!
Radiation |
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What are some benign tumors of the salivary gland?
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Pleomorphic adenoma
Warthin's tumor |
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What are some malignant tumors of the salivary gland?
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Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
Adenoid cystic carcinom Acinic cell carcinom denocarcinoa |
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What's the most common tumor of the salivary gland?
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Pleomorphic adenoma
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When does someone present with a pleomorphic adenoma? Who gets it?
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Decades 4-6
F:M = 3.5:1 |
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What are the properties of Warthin's tumor?
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Papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum
Older, caucasian, males 10% bilateral, multicentric Slow-growing |
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What's the therapy for Warthin's tumor?
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Surgical excision
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What's the most common salivary gland malignancy?
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Mucoepidermoid carciona
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Who gets mucoepidermoid carcionoma?
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decades 3-8
F>M Caucasian>AA |
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What is the second most common salivary gland malignancy?
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Adenoid cystic carcinoma
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When does someone present with an adenoid cystic carcinoma?
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5th decade
M = F |
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What are the symptoms of an adenoid cystic crcinoma?
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Asymptomatic enlarging mass
Pain, paresthesias, facial weakness/pain |
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What are common causes of sinonasal mass/
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Benign polyps
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What are worrying signs of a sinonasal neoplasm?
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Man of 65
Unilateral nasal symptoms Malignant! |
