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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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chromosomes
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thread-like structures in the nucleus that contain genetic material
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autosomes
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first 22 pairs of chromosomes
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sex chromosomes
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23rd pair of autosomes determines the sex of the child
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deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
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each chromosom actually consists of one molecule
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gene
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each group of compounds that provides a specific set of biochemical instructions
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genotype
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complete set of genes makes up a person's heredity
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phenotype
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an individual's physical, behavioral and psychological features
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allels
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genes come in different forms known as this
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homozygous
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when alleles in the pair of chromosomes are sometimes the same
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heterozygous
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when alleles differ
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dominant allele
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when an allele's chemical instructions are followed
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recessive allele
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allele's that are ignored
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incomplete dominance
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one allele doesn't dominate another completely
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sickle-cell trait
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most of the time, no problems. when short of oxygen they suffer a temporary relatively mild form of the disease
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phenylketonuria (PKU)
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disorder where babies are born lacking an important liver enzyme which without it phenylaline accumulates and produces poison that harms the nervous system
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