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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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methane equation
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CH4
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ethane equation
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C2H6
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propane equation
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C3H8
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n-butane equation
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C4H10
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n-pentane
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C5H12
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n-hexane
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C6H14
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n-heptane
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C7H16
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n-octane
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C8H18
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n-nonane
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C9H20
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n-decane
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C10H22
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How come the separation of mixtures are physical changes?
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They're physical changes because we are separating the mixture of substances but the composition of the individual substances are not changing
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How is the process of distillation used?
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The process of distillation is used to separate a solution into its component substances by the physical changes but the composition of the individual substances do not change
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Cation are _______ ions and anions are _______ ions.
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positive; negative
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What has the same name as its parent element?
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Cation
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Define an acid.
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An acid has to begin with an H+ ion and it's' dissolved in water.
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An atom has a small _____ charged core called the nucleus, with ______ charged electrons moving in the space around the nucleus.
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positively; negatively
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What are the earth's 5 most abundant elements (by mass) in the earth's crust, oceans, and atmosphere?
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oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron and calcium
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Define compound.
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a distinct substance that is composed of the atoms of two or more elements and ALWAYS contains exactly the same relative mass of those elements
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Where are neutrons found?
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Neutrons are found in the nucleus of an atom
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What is the charge of protons, electron, and neutrons?
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Protons are positively charged
Electrons are negatively charged Neutrons have no charge |
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Does protons and neutrons have the same mass?
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No, they do not have the same mass. Neutrons have a greater mass but it's not a significant change.
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Which particles make the greatest contribution to the chemical properties of an atom?
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electrons and protons
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All _____ changes are ______ changes.
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chemical; physical
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The process of filtering a sand-saltwater mixture is a _____ process.
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physical
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Which particles makes the greatest contribution to the mass of an atom?
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protons and neutrons
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All atoms have the same number of ____ and _____ but a different number of _____.
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protons; electron; neutrons
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What is the net charge of an isolated atom?
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a net charge of zero
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What are the physical properties of metallic elements?
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efficient conduction of heat and electricity, malleability, ductility, and a lustrous appearance
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What are the physical properties of nonmetallic elements?
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are gaseous or solids at normal temperatures and lack most properties that define a metal
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Define a chemical bond.
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a force that holds groups of two or more atoms together and makes them function as a unit
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Define electronegativity.
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the relative ability of an atom in a molecule to attract electrons to itself
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Electronegativity _____ from left to right and _____ down a group.
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increases; decreases
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A bond b/n atoms have a large difference* in electronegativity will be ____.
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ionic
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Nonmetal form negative ions by _____ enough electrons to achieve the electron configuration of the next noble gas.
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gaining
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What formula do we write for an ionic compound and why?
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empirical formula; it represents only the smallest number ratio of positive and negative ions.
*always exist in the same ratio based on the charges |
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Why are the valence electrons of an atom are the only electrons likely to be involved in bonding to other atoms?
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b/c they're TRANSFERRED when a metal and nonmetal react to form an ionic compound and they're shared between nonmetals in covelant bonds.
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