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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define: Vapor Pressure |
Pressure exerted by a vapor above liquid, in a container.
Higher temp results in higher vapor pressure
Expressed in psi, kPa, mmHg or atm |
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Define: Atmospheric Pressure |
Force exerted by weight of the atmosphere at the earths surface |
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Define: Boiling point |
Temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal of greater than atmospheric pressure. |
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Define: Sublime/Sublimation |
To change directly from a solid to a gas - skipping the liquid state |
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Define: BLEVE |
Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Expansion
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Define: Solubility |
The % of a material by weight that will dissolve in water at ambient temperature.
Non soluble - separate from water Soluble - mix with water |
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Define: Miscibility/Immiscibility |
The degree of readiness with which two or more gases or liquids are able to mix with or dissolve into each other. |
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Define: Polymerization |
Chemical reaction in which a catalyst causes simple molecules to combine to form long chain molecules |
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Alpha Particles Charge? Stopped By? Harmful? |
Positively charged A sheet of paper Harmful if ingested or inhaled |
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Beta Particles Charge? Stopped by? Harmful when? |
Positively or negatively charged Stopped by clothes Harmful when ingested or inhaled |
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Define: Non Ionizing Radiation |
Radiation that has enough energy to move atoms, but does not remove electrons |
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Define: ionizing radiation |
Radiation that has sufficient energy to remove electrons from atoms. |
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List 3 types of Non Ionizing radiation |
Microwaves, radio waves, infrared light |
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List 3 examples of Ionizing Radiation |
X-rays, gamma rays, alpha and beta particles |
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Gamma Rays What are they? Charge? Stopped by? Harmful when? |
High energy photons, highly penetrating No charge Easily pass through human skin and absorbed by tissue Several feet of concrete to stop |
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X-rays Energy? Penetrating? Stopped by?
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High energy photons. Less penetrating than gamma rays. Stopped by thin layer of lead. |
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Neutron Energy? Charge? Penetrating? |
Ultra high energy. No charge. Highly penetrating. |
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Define: Radiation Protection Strategies |
Time, distance and shielding |
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Define: Radiation Inversion Square Law |
Doubling the distance from radiation sources by 1/4 (25%) and then halving the distance increase the level by 4x or 400% |
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Define: Simple Asphyxiants Example? |
Gases that displace oxygen necessary for breathing Ex: carbon dioxide |
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Define: Chemical Asphyxiants Example? |
Substances that prohibit the body from using oxygen. Ex: carbon monoxide |
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Define: Asphyxiants |
Substances that affect the oxygenation of the body |
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Define: Mutagen |
Alter genetic material in living cell |
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Define: teratogen |
Alter tissue in utero |
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Define: Allergen |
Substances that cause allergic reactions |
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Define: sensitizers |
Substances that cause allergies to develop after repeated exposure |
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Define: Acid Scale? |
Yields hydrogen in water. Scale: 0-6 |
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Define: Base Scale? |
Forms negative charged hydrogen ion Scale: 8-14 |
