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95 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 5 levels of Hazmat Certification recognized by OSHA in paragraph Q?
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Awareness- Observe, set up perimeter, Call for help
Opperations, Defensive, Dont enter HOT ZONE, Protect people, property, environment in a DEFENSIVE mode. Technition Specialist Incident Commander |
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Who must approve all SCBA for use in Hazmat areas?
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NIOSH
Label located on the Back Brace. |
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APR ?
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Air Purifying Respirators.
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APR precautions....
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Ensure ample O2
What chemicals are present? How much chemical is present? Wear eye protection. |
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IDLH ???
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Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health.
it means that one can not self rescue for at least 30 minutes. |
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CPC ?
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Chemical Protective Clothing.
Vapor protective Clothing Must be decontaminated after use. |
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EPA-OSHA Level A PPE
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Encapsulated with SCBA and one-way Valve
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EPA-OSHA Level B PPE
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Non encapsulated with SCBA
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EPA-OSHA Level C PPE
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Splash guards and APR
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EPA-OSHA Level D PPE
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Work gear, Street clothes.
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NFPA Class 1 PPE
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Encapsulated or unencapsulated CPC with SCBA positive pressure
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NFPA Class 2 PPE
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APR and splash guard
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NFPA Class 3 PPE
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Work gear, Street clothes.
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What medical info should be taken before entering the Hotzone for a hazmat incident in level A or B PPE and when?
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Vitals should be taken before and after entering the hot zone.
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What are ACCUTE health effects?
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Those that are short term effects that appear in minutes, hours or days after exposure.
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What are CHRONIC health effects?
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they are usually the result of prolonged exposure and possibly delayed effects showing up years later.
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What is SUBLIMATION?
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When a solid turns directly to a gas. Eg: CO2 Dry Ice.
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Vapor pressure ?
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The gas from a liquid when warmed.
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What are the 9 HAZMAT classes?
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Every Good Fire Fighter Ought To Remember Calling Mayday.
1-Explosives, 2-Gases, 3-Flamable Lliquids, 4-Flamable gases, 5-Oxidizers, organic preroxides, 6-Toxins-Poisons, 7-Radioactive, 8-Corrosives, 9-Miscellaneous. |
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When is the ERG most useful?
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in the first 30 minutes after the leak has occured.
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HAZWOPER
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29CFR1910.120
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What mandatory precautions should all OPERATIONS LEVEL PERSONNEL take?
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Stay out of the HOTZONE.
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Are Hazmat incidents normal emergency response operations?
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NO
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Define HAZARDOUS MATERIALS...
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HAZARDOUS MATERIALS are any substances (liquid, solids or gas) capable of causing harm to people, property or the environment.
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What are local govenments responsible for in a hazmat incident?
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Local governments, Fire Departments, are the first line of defense against Hazmat incidents and are responsible for planning and developing an emergency management system to handle and respond to these types of emergencies.
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What is SARA ?
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In 1986 the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act was passed with the major focus on clean up and having a baseline for training requirements.
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What is CERCLA ?
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Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensations and Liability Act of 1980.
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What does Title 1 of SARA do?
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It requires OSHA to establish training requirements for HAZMAT and emergency response.
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What does Title 3 of SARA mandate?
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It mandates the establishment of state and local planning to develop hazmat response plans.
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What is MSDS
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Material Safety Data Sheets
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OSHA ?
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Occupational Safety and Health Administration
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EPA ??
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Environmental Protection Agency
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What do OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120 and EPA 40CFR part 311 regulate?
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HAZMAT
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Osha paragraph Q addresses what?
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Emergency responses.
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Define MITIGATION.
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To gain control or remove the emergency situation.
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Define REMEDIATION.
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To clean up a spill and does not deal with emergency response.
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NFPA 472 is the standard for ...
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Training and response to hazmat incidents for Firefighters.
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NFPA 473 is the standard for...
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training and response to hazmat for EMS.
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HMEP is ...
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the Hazmat Preparednes Grant Program, this program is authorized by DOT to develop curriculum to accompany progra guidelines. These guidlines have been adopted by MERC, Missouri Emergency Response Comission.
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What are the 4 HEMP categories?
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1.Analize the incident
2. Plan a Response 3. Implement a Plan response 4. Evaluate the progress of a response +++ APIE |
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What does APIE stand for
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1.Analize the incident
2. Plan a Response 3. Implement a Plan response 4. Evaluate the progress of a response +++ APIE |
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What are the physical states of Mater?
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Solid
Liquid gas/vapor |
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What is the freezing point?
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the temperature where a liquid changes to a solid.
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Melting point ??
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Temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid, water can exist as a liquid and a solid together.
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Boiling Point ??
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increasing the temperature of a liquid until the material boils, converting to a vapor/gas.
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Vapor Pressure??
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pressure excerted by a vapor above a liquid on the walls of a container.
like a gas can sitting in the sun. |
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Volatility??
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Volitile materials have low boiling points and high vapor pressures. These materials easily ignight.
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Flash Point??
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the minimum temperature at which enough vapor will be driven from a liquid to Flash/ignite but will not sustain combustion.
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Fire Point??
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The temperature at which enough vapors are present and will continue to burn if ignited.
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Auto Ignition Temperature
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Temperature at which a substance must be heated to cause a self-sustaining fire by itself without the need for an ignitionsource.
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Flamable Products
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Flamable Products have a flashpoint of 141 F or less.
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Combustable products??
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Combustable products have a flashpoint greater that 141 F but less than 200F.
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Flamable Range ??
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Flamable vapor to air mixture ratio that is expected to ignite.
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Flamable Limit??
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LEL, lower explosive Limit,
UEL, upper explosive limit. |
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Reactivity ??
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the ability of a substance to undergo a chemical reaction by itself or through molecular interaction with substances it may contact.
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What are Organic peroxides
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Class 5 Risk: Oxidizers and organic peroxides that can create thermal, chemical, and mechanical harm because they supply oxygen to support combustion and are sensitive to heat, shock, friction and contamination.
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What is Pyrophoric ?
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a material which ignites spontaneously upon exposure to air or Oxygen.
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What are Corrosives ?
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Acids or Bases. Gaseous , liquid, or solid materials that can burn, irritate, or destroy human skin tissue and can severely corrode steel.
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What is the PH scale ?
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the ph scale helps determin if a substance is acidic or basic or neutral. the scale runs from 0 to 14. 7 is neutral. 0 is Acid. 14 is base.
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Specific gravity is what ?
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the weight of a liquid compared to an equal volumn of water.
Water = 1 Anything more that 1 will sink. Anything less tha 1 will float. |
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Vapor density
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the weight of a gas compared to an equal volumn of air.
Air = 1 Anything more than 1 will drop. Anything less than 1 will rise.. |
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Describe Solubility...
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Solubility describes the amount of a material that will disolve in a given solvent.
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Miscible
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a term to describe 2 liquids that mix in any proportion.
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Immiscible
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a term to describe 2 liquids that do not mix.
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Viscosity
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The measure of the internal friction of a liquid or its ability to flow. Water vs thick oil or paint.
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Radiation
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High enery waves and particles.
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What can Ionizing radiation do?
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it can chemically alter material that it interacts with.
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What are 4 types of Ionizing radiation ?
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Alpha- Travels less than 7 inches and is stopped by skin or paper.
BETA- Travels up to 60 feet and is capable of radiation burns. Gamma- Most dangerous form, can travel 1 mile and cause great cellular damage. Neutron- Uncommon but is a combination of Alpha, Beta, and gamma. |
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Sensitizer
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is a subtance that is capable of stimulating and allergic reaction from an exposure
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Carcinogen
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is a substance capable of producing cancer or malignant tumors.
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Mutagen
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alters the victim's genetic structure.
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Teratogen
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is a substance that is capable of crossing the placental border, from mother to unborn child.
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Toxic
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any substance that is poisonous to the body.
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Irritants
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are materials which can cause reversible inflammatory effects on tissues.
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Convusants
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are materials which cause persons exposed to seize or convulse.
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Asphyxiants-
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materials that inhibit the use of oxygen by the body.
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Durration of exposure--
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the 3 types of time of exposure a person can be subjected to.
Short- minutes to hours Medium- 1 day to 1 months Long- is years or generations. |
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What are the 4 means of exposure ?
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Inhalation
Ingestion Absorbtion Injection |
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PPM
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Parts per Million
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IDLH
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Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health.
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PEL
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Permissable exposure Limit. The maximum concentration to which a majority of healthy adults can be exposed over a 40 hour work week with out suffering adverse effects.
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REL
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Recommended exposure limit made by NIOSH
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LC-50
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Lethal Concentration Inhaled needed to kill 50% of test species.
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LD-50
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Lethal Dose ingested needed to kill 50% of test species.
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TWA-TLV
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Time Weighted Average- Threshold Lmiit Value.
8 hour day or 40 hour work week. |
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STEL
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Short Term Exposure Limit. maximum of 15 minutes exposure with a minimum of 60 minutes rest time between exposures and no more that 4 exposures per day.
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TLV-C
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Threshold limit Value/Ceiling, The maximum concentration of a given material expressed in PPM that should not be exceeded even instantaneously.
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ALARA
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????
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Transportation Index
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Dimensionless numbers placed on a radiation lablel to indicate the degree of control. egamples of classes are White-I, Yellow-II, Yellow-III. III is the highest level of millirems per hour.
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Containers are defined as non-bulk if holding less than or equal to _______gal of liquids.
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118.9 gals
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Containers are defined as non-bulk if holding less than or equal to ____ pounds of solids.
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881.9 lbs
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Containers are defined as non-bulk if holding less than or equal to ________ pounds of Gases in liquid form.
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1001 lbs
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High pressure containers are those having pressures __________to ________ psi.
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480 to 6000 psi.
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High pressure safety features include:
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Relief valves, Fusible links and blow out plugs.
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what is CRYOGENIC packaging?
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Liquified gas at extremely low temperatures.
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