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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Rapid acting, Dilates veins and coronary arteries, decreases BP, relieves anginal pain. suppresses tachycardia w/betablocker. Can cause headache, orthostatic hypotension
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Nitrates
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Examples of nitrates
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Nitroglycerin (spray, TD, IV)
Isordil (isosorbide) (PO) |
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Reduce workload of the heart, slows Heartrate, and reduced contractility, <3 needs less O2, preventing angina attacks.
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Beta-Adrenergic Blockers for Angina
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Example of Beta-adrenergic blocker; nurse consideration
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Atenolol (Tenormin)
Must check apical before, hold med if <50-60 bpm |
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Dilates coronary vessels by relaxing arteriolar smooth muscle, Reduce myocardial oxygen demand by lowering B/P and slowing heart rate
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Calcium channel blockers for Angina
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Examples of Ca channel blockers
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-diltiazem (Cardiazem, Tiazac)
-amlodipine (Norvasc) Similar but no chronotropic effect -SE r/t vasodilation: h/a, dizziness, edema of LEs |
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Drugs used to stop myocardia infarctions; Used to dissolve clots blocking coronary arteries; Must be done early in the course of events; Pt. is very carefully monitored. Follow-up with anticoagulants and antiplatelet therapy is necessary
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Thrombolytics
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-Thrombolytic for dissolving clots
-Most effective when given within 30 minutes -must be given within 12 hours -Narrow safety margin must be stopped if bleeding occurs -Older adults- increase risk of intracranial hemorrhage CI: Recent trauma or surgery |
Reteplase (Retavase)
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Beta-adrenergic blockers
Antiplatelets & anticoagulant -aspirin decreases mortality after MI up to 50% -clopidogrel (Plavix) also reduces mortality from thrombi following an MI -ACE inhibitors: captopril (Capoten), lisinopril (Zestril) -Analgesics are essential to control pain and reduce stress (morphine) |
Drugs used during and after MIs: example
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Drugs from several classes are given to help the heart function and minimize permanent damage ( & dec. mortality)
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Why drugs used during and after MIs
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Drug therapy for CVA
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For thrombotic strokes:
Prevention via use of anticoagulants & antihypertensives -ASA or clopidogrel to decrease platelet aggregation, which decreases formation of thrombi, -Coumadin or Pradaxa in pts with artificial heart valves or atrial fib Important to teach patients to monitor BP |
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Administer ASAP after acute stroke
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thrombolytics restore blood supply & can completely restore brain function in many pts, preventing permanent disability
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