Handbook Of Clinical Psychopharmacology For Therapists-1

Front 1

True or False: In the late 1800's psychiatrists believed, that mental illness could be attributed to some sort of biological disturbance.

Back 1

True

Front 2

Who developed the first systematic nosologic (classification) system (ie- the DSM)?

Back 2

Emil Kraepelin

Front 3

In initial clinical trials, this drug, resulted in marked behavioral changes in manic and schizophrenic patients.

Back 3

Thorazine (chlorpromazine)

Front 4

This drug, was the first anti-depressent, developed in 1952.

Back 4

iproniazid (an MAO inhibitor)

Front 5

This drug, was the first tricyclic antidepressant, developed in 1954 and put on the market in 1957.

Back 5

imipramine (Tofranil)

Front 6

The first minor tranquilizer:

Back 6

meprobamate

Front 7

Other minor tranquilizers to follow meprobamate:

Back 7

benzodiazepine, chlordiazepoxide (Librium)

Front 8

The first drug used to treat Bipolar d/o.

Back 8

lithium carbonate

Front 9

small space separating individual nerve cells.
-junction between two neurons
-100 trillion of them

Back 9

synapses

Front 10

chemical substance that functions as a messenger.
-manufactured in the cell body, then transported down the axon for storage in vesicles

Back 10

neurotransmitters

Front 11

True or False: Studies indicate that the combined use of pharmacotherapy and pscyhotherapy is superior to either single treatment alone.

Back 11

True

Front 12

Mental disorders can be a result of _______ factors, _______ factors, or both.

Back 12

biological, psychological

Front 13

a concept describing conditions where a very specific response can be predicted with tremendous regularity when a stimulus is applied.

Back 13

stimulus-response specificity

Front 14

short, branched structures projecting out from the cell body. transmits impulses or info toward the cell body. (may be one or many on each cell)

Back 14

dendrites

Front 15

relays electrical impulses away from the body cell toward the terminal bouton

Back 15

axon

Front 16

at the end of the axon, stores neurotransmitters to be released into synapse

Back 16

terminal bouton

Front 17

fundamental unit of the nervous system; all functions of the brain results from actions of individual neurons and interconnections between them.

Back 17

neurons

Front 18

neuron that releases the neurotransmitters

Back 18

presynaptic

Front 19

neuron that received the neurotransmitters

Back 19

postsynaptic

Front 20

True or False: many of the currently available antidepressants operate via reuptake inhibition

Back 20

True

Front 21

What are the 3 basic units of the brain?

Back 21

1) brain stem
2) central core (limbic system, diencephalon & basal ganglia)
3) cerebral cortex

Front 22

This primitive part of the brain is the size of the pea but is responsible for regulating a host of biological functions.

Back 22

hypothalamus

Front 23

The Limbic system is involved in what 3 primary functions?

Back 23

1) appraisal of emotional stimuli
2) initiation of emotional responses (fight or flight)
3) shutting down reactivity after external stressors subside

Front 24

The nervous system is divided into what two parts?

Back 24

Central Nervous System & Peripheal Nervous System

Front 25

The central nervous system is divided into what two parts?

Back 25

Brain & Spinal cord

Front 26

The Peripheal nervous system is divided into what two parts?

Back 26

Autonomic & Somatic

Front 27

The Autonomic nervous system is divided in two what two parts?

Back 27

Sympathetic & Parasympathetic

Front 28

The Autonomic nervous system does what?

Back 28

innervates involuntary organs (heart, smooth muscles and glands)

Front 29

The Sympathetic nervous system does what?

Back 29

plays a role in the fight or flight response. mobilizes in times of stressful situations

Front 30

The parasympathetic nervous system does what?

Back 30

activated in times of relaxation, reduces heart rate and blood pressure.

Front 31

pharmacodynamics

Back 31

the drugs effect on the body

Front 32

pharmacokinetics

Back 32

the body's affect on the drug

4 basic factors: absorption, distribution, biotransformation & excretion

Front 33

absorption

Back 33

most drugs are initially absorbed in the stomach or small intestine

Front 34

distribution

Back 34

once a drug has been absorbed and reaches the bloodstream, it is then distributed to various organs or sites of action throughout the body

Front 35

biotransformation

Back 35

metabolism, primarily occurs in the liver

Front 36

Excretion

Back 36

the process by which drugs are eliminated from the body. primarily happens in the kidneys.

Front 37

Steady State

Back 37

occurs when concentrations of a medication in the bloodstream have reached a plateau so that the amount administered is equal to the amount being eliminated.

Front 38

Enzyme Inhibition

Back 38

most frequent of all drug interactions, occurs when two drugs rely on the same enzyme system for metabolism.

Front 39

agonist

Back 39

ligand activates the receptor

Front 40

antagonist

Back 40

ligand occupies a receptor site but doesnt activate it