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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what was hairy cell leukemia originally referred as ? |
leukemic reticuloendotheliosis |
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why is the disease called hairy cell leukemia ?
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due to the characteristic cytoplasmic projections seen on the leukemic cells
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what is the disorder due to ?
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expansion of neoplastic B lymphocytes arrested at the pre-plasma stage some rare variants have been reported |
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HCL is rare or common ?
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rare 1-2% of all Leuks
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is HCL sexist ?
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yes predominantly males 5:1
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what age group does HCL affect ?
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middle-aged or older adults |
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what is the median age of the HCL pts ?
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50
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HCL can go unnoticed T/F
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t is as asymptomatic and diagnosed by mistake
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untreated HCL may cause ... |
crowding of healthy cells , bleeding , weakness,fatigue, infection
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what HCL characterized by ?
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pancytopenia
splenomegaly myelofibrosis abnormal mononuclear cells with hairy like projections |
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hairy cells are seen where exactly ? |
PB (>90%), BM, other tissues
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can the PB be devoid of hairy cells ?
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yes it a disease where the BM is usually involved
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PB shows ...
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pancytopenia
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describe the anemia in HCL ?
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severe normochromic and normocytic
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BM aspirate usually results in ...
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dry tap , core biopsy needed
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what type of cells are seen with core biopsy ? |
diffuse cellular infiltrate by mononuclear cells
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describe the morphology the hairy cell
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large cell
large round or oval nucleus nucleus is bilobed or folded |
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describe the chromatin in the hairy cell
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loose and lacy
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how many nucleoli are seen in the hcl?
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1-2
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describe the cytoplasm in the hairy cell |
abundant light blue fades away ending in like hair like projections
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can projections like the ones in hairy cells be seen in other cases ?
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yes
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acid phosphatase is important or not in the diagnosis of HCL ?
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very and it is strongly positive
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a positive TRAP and BM picture are sufficient or not to diagnose HCL ? |
yes
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where is acid phosphatase present ?
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granulocytes
monocytes histiocytes B&T lymphos B-cell tumor T-cell tumor Hairy cells Prolymphyocytes platelets |
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in b cell tumors the acid phosphatase is ...
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diffuse
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in T cell tumor the acid phosphatase is ...
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localized in the nuclear area or hoff (golgi )
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the enzyme is inhibited by pretreatment with ?
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tartrate
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hairy cell posses and isoenzyme called isoenzyme .. that is ...
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Isoenzyme V resistant to tartrate
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all cases of TRAP are HCL positive ?
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95% of the cases
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where is the isoenzyme found ?
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IM
hodgkins disease PLL CLL some other leukemia cases |
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what may be present in the cytoplasm of 60-65 percent under electron microscope ?
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ribosomal lamellar complex or concentric profiles of RER
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diagnosis is made when ...
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trap positive RLC positive
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when all other means fail to diagnose CLL what is used ?
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immunophenotyping
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what CDs are shown in immunophenotyping ?
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CD 11c
CD 25 pan B antigens CD19 CD20 CD22 |
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is treatment always necessary in HCL ?
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no it progresses very slow |
