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142 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The three 3 primary colors are
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red, blue and yellow.
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Secondary colors are produced by mixing two primary colors in
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equal proportions.
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Equal proportions of red and yellow create
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orange.
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Equal proportions of blue and yellow create
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green.
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An example of a tertiary color would be
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yellow–orange.
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When mixed with its complement, a color becomes
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neutral.
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A small amount of eumelanin will produce
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light blonde hair.
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A predominant amount of pheomelanin will produce
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red hair.
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Pigment producing cells are called
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melanocytes.
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Colors found opposite each other on the color wheel are called
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complementary colors.
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A level 10 natural color is the
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lightest level.
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Hair color products that are mixed with a developer are
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oxidative colors.
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The most commonly used developer is
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hydrogen peroxide.
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Fine textured hair tends to process slightly lighter than intended if formulating to
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lighten.
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The intensity of a hair color refers to its
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brightness or vividness.
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The effects of temporary coloring agents will wash away as the hair is
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shampooed.
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A type of coloring using a low volume peroxide that can only deposit color or add tone to the hair would be
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demi–permanent coloring.
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A filler is used before a color service to provide an
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even base.
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Henna is an organic product that produces
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reddish highlights.
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It is not recommended to perform chemical services to hair that has been colored with
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henna, compound dyes or metallic dyes.
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As a general rule, a 20 volume peroxide solution will lift the hair up to
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two levels.
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A 30 volume hydrogen peroxide solution will lift the hair 1 level more than a
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20 volume solution.
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A hydrometer is used to measure the strength of
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hydrogen peroxide.
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Chamomile would be an example of a
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vegetable dye.
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A skin patch test will help determine if the client has a sensitivity or an
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allergic reaction to the chemicals being used.
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Permanent tints can lift and deposit color in
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one process.
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A skin patch test is not required for most
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temporary color procedures.
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Semi–permanent colors coat the cuticle but do not enter
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the cortex.
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Permanent hair colors are sometimes called
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oxidative tints with ammonia.
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Paraphenylenediamine or paratoluenediamine would be found in
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permanent hair colors.
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Toners are light pastel colors used to neutralize unwanted pigment remaining after
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prelightening.
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A preliminary strand test can detect the presence of previous applications that may not be
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compatible with the planned application.
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Coloring hair back to its natural color is often called a
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tint back.
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Demi–permanent color is another name for
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long–lasting semi–permanent color.
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The cream form of permanent hair color has the
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least penetrating ability.
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A skin patch test is required for products that contain aniline derivatives and they should not be applied to
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the eyelashes.
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A 10 volume developer in the United States would be equivalent to a
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3% developer in Europe.
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A base to ends technique is used to
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add tone or darken the existing color.
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A preliminary strand test will help determine the correct formula to use, what procedures may be needed to ensure proper absorption and
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the processing time to be used.
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Fluorescent light generally makes the hair appear
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cooler.
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Applying a non–oxidative color product or an oxidative color without ammonia over previously colored hair to refresh the color is referred to as
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color glazing.
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The surface painting technique is performed on the surface of hair to create
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highlighted or lowlighted color effects.
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Darker result touchup procedures will generally need to be performed every
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6 to 8 weeks.
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Lighter result touchup procedures will need to be performed every
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3 to 6 weeks.
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The application of a blue–based color would eliminate unwanted
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orange tones.
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A highlighting technique in which a crochet hook is used to pull hair strands through a cap is called
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cap highlighting.
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Hair color can be changed permanently by adding color, temporarily and permanently by
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removing color.
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If hair is more resistant to color, the cosmetologist may need to
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pre–lighten or pre–soften the hair first.
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Complementary colors cancel each other out to
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neutralize unwanted tones.
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Levels of color show the
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lightness or darkness of hair.
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Tone refers to
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warm colors or cool colors.
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Melanin is found primarily in the
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cortex layer of the hair.
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Eumelanin is the
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black pigment in hair.
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Pheomelanin is the
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red pigment in hair.
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In most cases the nape is the last area to
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show signs of graying.
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A color level of 1 is darker than a
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color level of 10.
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Permanent hair dyes were discovered in the
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mid 1800's.
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Clients with long hair often exhibit
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uneven porosity.
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To equalize porosity of the client's hair
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a conditioning filler is recommended.
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Dark hair has the greatest concentration of
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melanin.
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Non–oxidative colors are known as
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temporary and semi–permanent colors.
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Oxidative colors are colors that penetrate the
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cortex of the hair.
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Color products that are available but not suggested for use are
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metallic, compound dyes and vegetable dyes.
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Lighteners are classified as
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off–the–scalp and on–the–scalp.
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Temporary color products are applied and
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not rinsed out.
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Semi–permanent colors will
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deposit color.
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Semi–permanent colors containing an aniline derivative ingredient require a
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patch test.
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Oxidative colors use a
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developer.
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Long lasting semi–permanent hair colors are referred to as
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demi–permanent.
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A high volume of hydrogen peroxide will create
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more lift.
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A 3% hydrogen peroxide can lift the hair up to
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1 level.
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Fillers can be classified as
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color or conditioning.
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Fillers can help hair hold color, prevent off–color results and
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deposit color on faded hair.
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A strand test test is used to detect timing in
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lightening hair.
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Most warm tones will be missing if the hair is
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overlightened.
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Leaving the cap off a bottle of peroxide will make it become
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weak, cause it to release all the oxygen and cause it to turn into water and other free radicals.
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Federal Law says a skin patch test must be done 24 to 48 hours hours before the
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actual procedure that requires the predisposition test.
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Incandescent light generally makes the hair appear
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warmer than it actually is.
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Developers in demi–permanent colors contain
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little or no ammonia.
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Permanent hair colors can
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lift and deposit color.
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Henna is a vegetable dye that may become permanent with
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repeated applications.
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Off–the–scalp lighteners are created to be used for special effects such as
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hair painting.
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When an oxidative darker retouch application is given, apply the color to the
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new growth only.
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Cap highlighting is usually performed on hair less than
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6 inches long.
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Mix color formulas in
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plastic or glass bowls.
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During a double–process blonde procedure, when the desired level of lightness is reached rinse the hair with
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cool water.
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A client release statement will not absolve the stylist from any damage done to a client's hair and will not
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absolve the salon from damages or accidents.
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Barrier cream is applied to prevent
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coloring/staining skin or hair.
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Overlapping lightener during a retouch service could result in
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breakage.
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If a client has 25% to 30% gray hair and you are formualting to cover the grey, apply a color
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1 level lighter than the desired shade.
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The major fields of color are
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light, medium and dark.
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Manufacturers identify artificial colors by
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level and tone.
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To change existing hair color, the colorist should keep in mind that the final color result is the combination of
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both natural pigment and artificial color.
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Developers are used to penetrate into the
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cortex.
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Temporary colors last from
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shampoo to shampoo.
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Permanent hair colors generally come in three forms
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liquid, cream and gel.
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All toners require the hair to be
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prelightened.
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Off–the–scalp lighteners are harsher to the hair due to
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a high pH.
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Virgin tinting is used on hair that has never been
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colored before.
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If the ends of the hair are porous you could apply
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a filler.
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The stylist should wear gloves during
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a color service.
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Aniline derivative products are not approved for coloring
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eyelashes and eyebrows.
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A client's record card will include the client's name, address, telephone number and the
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condition of the hair and scalp.
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Lighteners are used to remove or diffuse
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melanin.
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Off–the–scalp lightener comes in powder form and when mixed with hydrogen peroxide becomes a
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strong lightening agent.
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Cream hair colors are generally mixed with a cream developer and are commonly applied with
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a brush.
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An activator or booster can be mixed with an on–the–scalp lightener to
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speed the process.
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The amount and density of the strands selected during the cap technique in hair coloring will determine if the effect will be
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subtle or dramatic.
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In a double–process blonde procedure, after rinsing the lightener and checking for scalp abrasions you should
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mix and apply the toner.
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Metallic dyes are also known as progressive dyes because the hair
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darkens with each application.
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A mixture of blue with yellow produces
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green.
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Extreme porosity is the result of
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lifted or missing cuticles.
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Resistant porosity may take longer to
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absorb coloring.
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When hair is identified as having resistant porosity, the cuticle layers are
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smooth and compact.
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Hair length would NOT affect the processing time when
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lightening hair.
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Semi–permanent colors are alkaline and generally last through several shampoos depending on the
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porosity of the hair.
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Color filler would be used to equalize the porosity and deposit a
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base color on a client's hair.
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After the formula has been mixed, any leftover color product needs to
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be discarded.
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heat from the scalp accelerates processing ofthe base area which causes the scalp area to lighten faster during
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a virgin lighter technique.
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If the hair does not appear light enough during a preliminary strand test for a lightener
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increase the processing time.
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During the Consultation phase, photos or hair color swatches could be used to better
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understand the client's hair color desires.
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Blue–based color categories would help eliminate unwanted
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brassiness or orange tones.
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1/8" size partings are used for a
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double–process blonde procedure.
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A violet base toner would be used to produce a neutral blonde on
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prelightened yellow hair.
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If the hair is overlightened, a toner may cause the hair to appear
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ashy or gray.
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To avoid false color analysis, be sure the location used for performing the consultation is
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well–lit, preferably with windows.
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On–the–scalp lightener comes in oil and cream, lightens the natural pigment and
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possesses a pH of around 9.
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Semi–permanent colors only deposits color, leaves no line of demarcation, doesn't require retouches and
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does not use chemicals to alter the hair.
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A powder lightener without buffering agents and conditioners could NOT be used for
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on–the–scalp lightening.
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Maintaining consistent hair color services and consistent chemical results can be achieved by
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keeping accurate records.
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When performing a virgin lighter technique on a client, the color first should be applied from
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the midstrand to the ends.
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Weaving and slicing techniques utilizes a piece of foil or thermal strip to isolate the selected strands
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prior to coloring.
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Redness or swelling are signs after a predisposition test that would prevent you from
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proceeding with a color service.
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Low volume peroxide is the developer used with
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demi–permanent colors.
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Coarse hair texture may be resistant to lightening and
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take longer to process.
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The majority of the world population falls into
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dark level of color.
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Lighteners utilize ingredients such as ammonia and peroxide to penetrate the cortex and cause the
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melanin to break down.
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Hair should never be lightened or decolorized to
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white.
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High–lift tints are designed to achieve lighter colors and are generally mixed with
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double 30 or 40 volume hydrogen peroxide.
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3 years is the average shelf life of
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unopened hydrogen peroxide.
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Demi–permanent colors are NOT designed to
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lift or lighten existing color.
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Special effects using color darker than the natural hair color on selected strands is referred to as
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lowlighting.
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