Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What % of total blood volume does plasma make up?
|
55%
|
|
|
What is plasma made up of (give %s)?
|
water - 91%
blood proteins - 7% (fibrinogen, albumin, globulins, coagulation factors) other - 2% (amino acids, sugars lipids, Epo, insulin, ions) |
|
|
When does the RBC precursor lose its nucleus in erythropoiesis?
|
at the late normoblast stage, when the cell becomes a reticulocyte
|
|
|
What do reticulocytes contain that they lose when they enter circulation?
|
residual rRNA & can syntehsise Hb.
|
|
|
In what conditions are nucleated red cells (normoblasts) present in peripheral blood?
|
extramedullary haemopoiesis or marrow disorders
|
|
|
In what conditions is Hb saturated with O2?
|
In the pulmonary capillaries where pp of O2 is high & Hb has a high affinity for O2.
|
|
|
What determines anaemia?
|
level of Hb in the blood
|
|
|
What are the blood groups determined by?
|
antigens on RBC surfaces
|
|
|
What antibodies & antigens does a group A blood type have?
|
Anti-B antibodies, A antigens.
|
|
|
What antibodies & antigens does a group AB blood type have?
|
No antibodies, A&B antigens. Universal recipient.
|
|
|
What antibodies & antigens dose a group O blood type have?
|
Anti-A & anti-B. No antigens. Universal donor
|
|
|
Someone of blood group AB can receive plasma from donors of which blood group & why?
|
AB only as plasma contains antibodies.
|
|
|
What is haemostasis?
|
The normal maintenance of integrity of blood vessels & prevention/limiting of blood loss.
|
|
|
What is a thrombosis?
|
Blood clot. May be pathological.
|
|
|
What is the difference between arterial & venous thrombosis (clotting)?
|
venous thrombosis - RBCs & clotting factors
arterial thrombosis - damaged vessel & platelets |
|
|
What 3 factors lead to a blood clot & what is this called?
|
vessel wall injury, abnormal blood flow & increased coagulability. Virchow's Triad.
|
|
|
What is the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) used for?
|
Used to classify anaemia
|
|
|
What is the red cell distribution width (RDW) used for?
|
Looks as variation in red cell size.
|
|
|
What does the white cell count (WCC/WBC) tell you?
|
the number of circulating leukocytes
|
|
|
What is the reticulocyte count used for?
|
Suggests erythroid activity in bone marrow. Increased count seen with increased marrow maturity e.g. following haemorrhage/haemolysis
|
|
|
What is the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) used for?
|
To see the rate of fall of red cells in a column of blood & is a measure of the acute-phase response. Plasma viscosity sometimes used instead.
|
|
|
What does C-reactive protein (CRP) level tell us?
|
CRP is produced in the acute-phase response
|
