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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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kidneys 3 function and structure
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extract waste from the blood, balance body fluids, form urine
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ureters 1
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carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder
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urinary bladder 1
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receives and stores the urine
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urethra 1
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carries urine from the bladder to outside the body
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blood supply to the kidney
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renal artery
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specilized cells that regulate kidney function, made of afferent arteriole distal convoluted tubule, triggered by low blood pressure, secrets enxyme renin
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Juxtaglomerular apparatus
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if b.p is to low ...... increases B.p
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Juxta glomerular apparatus
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Functions of the kidney
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excretion(urea from protein metabolism, produced in the liver transported to the kidneys
water balance maintenance body fluid acid-base regulation blood presure regulation red blood cell production |
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glomerular filtration
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walls of glom cappillaris (sieve like) free flowing water and soluble materials, BLOOD CELLS AND LARGE PROTEINS do not pass through, blood pressure is higher than other capillaries enabling materials to pass through the cappillary membrane,
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glomerular filtration trace the path of blood
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blood enters via the afferent arteriole, exited the efferent arteriole and water, electrolytes waste begin the path of tubular system
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kidneys 3 function and structure
|
extract waste from the blood, balance body fluids, form urine
|
|
|
ureters 1
|
carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder
|
|
|
urinary bladder 1
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receives and stores the urine
|
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urethra 1
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carries urine from the bladder to outside the body
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blood supply to the kidney
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renal artery
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specilized cells that regulate kidney function, made of afferent arteriole distal convoluted tubule, triggered by low blood pressure, secrets enxyme renin
|
Juxtaglomerular apparatus
|
|
|
if b.p is to low ...... increases B.p
|
Juxta glomerular apparatus
|
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|
Functions of the kidney
|
excretion(urea from protein metabolism, produced in the liver transported to the kidneys
water balance maintenance body fluid acid-base regulation blood presure regulation red blood cell production |
|
|
glomerular filtration
|
walls of glom cappillaris (sieve like) free flowing water and soluble materials, BLOOD CELLS AND LARGE PROTEINS do not pass through, blood pressure is higher than other capillaries enabling materials to pass through the cappillary membrane,
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glomerular filtration trace the path of blood
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blood enters via the afferent arteriole, exited the efferent arteriole and water, electrolytes waste begin the path of tubular system
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kidneys 3 function and structure
|
extract waste from the blood, balance body fluids, form urine
|
|
|
ureters 1
|
carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder
|
|
|
urinary bladder 1
|
receives and stores the urine
|
|
|
urethra 1
|
carries urine from the bladder to outside the body
|
|
|
blood supply to the kidney
|
renal artery
|
|
|
specilized cells that regulate kidney function, made of afferent arteriole distal convoluted tubule, triggered by low blood pressure, secrets enxyme renin
|
Juxtaglomerular apparatus
|
|
|
if b.p is to low ...... increases B.p
|
Juxta glomerular apparatus
|
|
|
Functions of the kidney
|
excretion(urea from protein metabolism, produced in the liver transported to the kidneys
water balance maintenance body fluid acid-base regulation blood presure regulation red blood cell production |
|
|
glomerular filtration
|
walls of glom cappillaris (sieve like) free flowing water and soluble materials, BLOOD CELLS AND LARGE PROTEINS do not pass through, blood pressure is higher than other capillaries enabling materials to pass through the cappillary membrane,
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glomerular filtration trace the path of blood
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blood enters via the afferent arteriole, exited the efferent arteriole and water, electrolytes waste begin the path of tubular system
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What is the function of ADH hormone in the body
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Release of ADH hormone stimulates the collecting duct in the nephron to become more permeable to WATER promoting reabsorption by capillaries into the bloodstream.
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When you lack a large amount of ADH what happens?
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Lots of dilute Urine may be Diabeties Insipidus
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Describe the characteristics and explain how Urine is transported in the body.
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Travels down the muscular tubes of the ureters lined of epithelial and connective tissue coat(Thick)
Urine is moved by gravitiy and perstalsis. |
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When the bladder is empty it is ___ and when full it is ____
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below the pubic joint and full may extend to abdominal cavity
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The special lining of the Bladder is__ which consists of ____
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transitional epithelium, rugae folds
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the urethra in males is ___ and in females is ___
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20,4
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Micuration is
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the process of expelling (voiding) urine from the bladder
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Sodium (na+)
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the main extra cellular ion
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Potassium
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main intracellular ion
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cytosis
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inflammation of the bladder
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what is external exchange
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when air is breathed through the lungs exchanged with the alveoli sacs where fresh o2 is exchanged at the blood and c02 diffuses out of blood to be eliminated
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internal gas exchange
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o2 is exchanged at the tissue level 02 diffuses from the blood to the cells and c02 passes from the cells into the blood.
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Nasal cavities Functions 2
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filters foreign bodies (hair and mucous)
air is warmed and moistened by blood vascularize mucous membranes lining the nasal cavity |
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what is the pharynx and the three parts
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a pharynx is the throat which carries air to respiratory tract and food to digestive system, nasophayrynx, oropharynx, laryngeal pharynx
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The larynx
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the voice box which is located between the pharynx and trachea
made of cartilage, vocal folds used for speach |
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Glottis
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space between the vocal cords, open during breathing, closed during eating
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eppiglottis
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as the larynx moves up during swallowing the epiglottis moves downward covering the opening into the larynx
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the trachea (wind pipe)
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conducts air between layrnx and lungs
frame work of seperate cartilages keeps the trachea open |
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the bronchi
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the trachea divides into two primary bronchi that enter the lungs
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what type of cell lines most of the upper respiratory tract
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pseudostratified ciliated columbar
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mediastinum
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the space between the lungs
contains the heart vessels, esophagus, trachea, and lymph nodes |
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Lobes in the lungs
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3 on the right, 2 on the left
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bronchioles 2 facts type of muscle and control
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smooth muscle only no cartilage, under autonomic control
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alveoli
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at the end of the termina bronchioles, clusters of tiny air sacs, single layer of squamous epithelium make up walls of each alveolus,
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septal cells
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scatter amost the squamous epitheliul cells of alveoli, produce surfactnt keeps them open prevents collapsing
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trace the steps of the diaphram movement during inhallation and exhalation
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inhallation diaphragm contracts down on abdomen, exhalation relaxes and goes up
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parietal pluera
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attatched to the chest walls
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visceral pleura
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attatched to the surface of the lung inside
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plueral space
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contains a thin film of lubricating fluid.
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pulmonary ventilation
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movement of air into and out of the lungs 2 phases inhallation- air is drawn into the lungs (active process) Exhallation - expulsion of air from the lungs (passive process)
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exchange of gases
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external exchange between alveoli and the blood, internal exchange movement of gasses btween the bloode and the tissues.
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