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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Cytoskeleton |
Changes protein scaffolding also enable some cells to move or change shape |
Includes hollow micro tubules, micro filaments, and intermediate filaments
ex: holds organelles in place and move them around |
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ER |
Form tubes and channels throughout the cytoplasm, |
Endoplasmic reticulum
Ribosomes attached in eukaryotes |
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Golgi |
Consists of series of membranous sacs |
Golgi apparatus
exported from the cells to pass through ER into Golgi |
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Vesicles |
Packaged in spherical membrane enclosed vesicles that appear to pinch off the Golgi membranes |
Fuse with the plasma membranes
some vesicles deliver their contents to other organelles |
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Lysosomes |
Special vesicles in animal cells and some other eukaryotes |
Contains enzymes that break down the cells old macromolecules for recycling |
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Vacuoles |
Present in most plant cells |
Vesicles that enlarge after maturing
contain water, organic acids, digestive enzymes, pigments and salts |
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Centrioles |
Tubular structures in cells of animals, and some fungi or algae |
Participate in cell reproduction such as mitosis
consists of cylindrical bundles of micro tubules |
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Cilla |
Short flagella |
Move by whipping in an oar like motion
also help move materials along in cell |
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Flagella |
Long cellular appendages specialized for locomotion |
Ex: found in eukaryotes
Many protists and certain animal cells have flagella |
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Cell/plasma membrane |
Membrane at the boundary of every cell |
Ex: in all cells
selective barrier for ions and molecules |
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Cell wall |
Stiff covering of plasma membrane |
Ex: in plant and algae cells
Constructed partially of cellulose |
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Ribosomes |
Organelle consisting of two subunits |
Ex: RNA
Ribosomes function at the site of protein synthesis |
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Cytoplasm |
The entire contents of the cell, except the nucleus |
80% water and usually colorless |
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Cytosol |
Gelatin like portion of cytoplasm |
Cytosol bathes the organelles of the cell |
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Organelles |
Organized structure within a cell |
Ex: eukaryotic cells
have a specific function |
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Nucleolus |
Structure in the nucleus that synthesizes ribosomal RNA |
Largest structure in the nucleus |
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Cell theory |
Theory that organisms are composed of cells and these cells are all derived from pre-existing cells |
Idea that cells are basic units of life |
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Prokaryotes |
Cell that does not have a membrane enclosed nuclei or organelles |
Simplest living cells |
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Eukaryotes |
Membrane enclose nuclei or organelles |
Larger and more complex than eukaryotes |
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Nucleus |
Central core contains protons and neutrons in eukaryotic cells |
Houses chromosomes |
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Chromosomes |
Thread like structure of nucleic acids and protein |
Ex: found in nucleus
made from double stranded DNA |
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Nucleotide |
Located in the nuclear region |
Chromosomes attached to plasma membrane in an area of the cell |
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Plasmids |
Circular DNA molecules |
Bacteria usually contains one or more smaller DNA molecules called plasmids |
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Tissue |
Group of cells with a common structure and function |
Our bodies are made up of tissue |
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Organ |
Organized group of tissues |
Ex: kidney is an organ
carries specialized functions in a multicellular organism
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Organ system |
Anatomical structures that work together to perform a special function or task |
Organ systems work together |
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Organism |
Single living thing |
Ex: dogs, humans, trees |
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Colony |
Distinct group of microorganisms growing together |
Colony of micro organisms |
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Multicellular |
Organism consisting of many cells |
Humans are multicellular |
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Cell differentiation |
Process by which a less specialized cell becomes a more specialized cell |
Less to more. Becoming more specialized |
