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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
when do primitive gonads appear?
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wk 4-5 of development
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when can you differentiate b/w male testis and female ovary?
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wk 6
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on what does the differentiaton of the primitive gonad depend?
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presence of Y chromosome
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what is responsible for testicular differentiation
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SRY gene
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first sign of gonadal differentiation in the male?
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appearance of Sertoli cells, which aggregate and form cords
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in adult male, what is resp for maturation of spermatozoa?
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sertoli cells
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what influences development of internal genitalia in males?
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1. MIF (Mullerian inhibiting substance) [secereted by Sertoli cells]
2. testosterone (secreted by Leydig cells) |
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what secretes MIF?
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sertoli cells
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what do Leydig cells produce
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testosterone
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what is resp for masculatinization of external genitalia
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testosterone
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which develops first: ovary or testicle?
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testicle
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1st evidence of ovary formation
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absence of testicular development by 7 wks gestation
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what happens to oogonia in gestation?
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bt 8th wk gestation, oogonia:
1. mitosis (produce more oogonia) 2. meiosis (produce primary oocytes) 3. atresia (continues thru menopause) |
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by what process do oogonia produce more oogonia?
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mitosis
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by what process do oogonia produce primary oocytes?
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meiosis
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when do oocytes undergo atresia?
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til menopause
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development of urinary system
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3 sets of excretory ducts:
1. pronephros 2. mesonephros *4th wk gestation *assoc w/capillaries, secretes urine for 2-3 wks 3. metanephros (permanent kidney) *5 wks gestation |
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genital ducts
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both male and female embryos have:
1. mesonephric ducts (Wollfian) 2. Paramesonephric ducts (Mullerian) |
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what forms internal female genitalia?
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paramesonephric ducts
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anatomical rel'n of paramesonephric ducts to mesonephric ducts?
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paramesonephric ducts are lateral and parallel to the mesonephric ducts
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DOUBLE STAR-development of vagina
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(HY Embryo: p. 48)
-paramesonephric ducts grow caudally and fuse-->vaginal cord -urogenital sinus grows cranially and forms sinovaginal bulbs -vaginal cord and sinovaginal bubs fuse (thus providing pt of contact b/w paramesonephric ducts and urogenital sinus)="Mullerian tubercle" -after initial contact (form Mullerian tubercle), vaginal cord and sinovaginal bulbs canalize-->vagina *upper 1/3 of vagina=from paramesonephric ducts *lower 2/3 of vagina=from urogenital sinus |
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DOUBLE STAR-why might vagina be shallow?
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vertical fusion defect
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Sertoli cell fxns
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1. provide nutrition to developing spermatozoa
2. form blood-testis barrier 3. phagocytosis of spermatid cytoplasmic residual bodies 4. secrete MIF |
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what forms uterine fundus?
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cranial point of fusion of mullerian (paramesonephric) ducts
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variations in point of fusion in mullerian ducts-->
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lateral fusion defects (presence of abnl septum)
i.e. uterus arcuatus, uterus bicornis |
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what causes vertical fusion defects
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(vertical fusion defect refers of failure of fusion b/w paramesonephric ducts (above) and urogenital sinus (below))
abnl Mullerian (paramesonephric) duct development ==>failed formation of Mullerian tubercle and sinovaginal bulbs |
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Mayer-rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome
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uterus and vagina are absent
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what is req for dev of Wollfian structures
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testes and testosterone
(MIF suppresses paramesonephric ducts) |
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when does genital tubercle develop? what does it become?
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-4th wk
clitoris, glans penis |
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what do genital or urethral folds become
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labia minora, corpora spongiosa
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what do genital swellings become
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labia majora, scrotum
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what do urogenital sinus become
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-male: prostate and bulbourethral glands
-female: Skene's and Bartholin's glands |
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scrotum ~
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labia majora
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penis~
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clitoris
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vagina~
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prostatic utricle
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bulbourethral glands (male) ~
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greater vestibular glands (females)
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prostate ~
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urethral and paraurethral glands
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hymen ~
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seminal colliculus
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what does paramesonephric duct become?
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-male: appendix of epidydimus
-female: fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix |
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what does mesonephric duct become
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-male:
*appendix of epididymis *ductus epididymis *ductus deferens *ejaculatory dcut and seminal vesicle -female: *Gartner's duct |
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what does gubernaculum become?
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gubernaculum testis,
round ligament of uterus |