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167 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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LEED stands for...
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Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design
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USGBC stands for...
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United States Green Building Council
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The 3 tiers of the credential system for LEED accreditation is...
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1. LEED Green Associate
2. LEED Accredited Professional (AP) with Specialty 3. LEED Fellow |
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RFP stands for...
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Request For Proposal
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RFQ stands for...
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Request For Qualifications
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The 5 types of LEED AP Specialties are...
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1. Building Design + Construction (BD+C)
2. Interior Design + Construction (IC+C) 3. Operations + Maintenance (O+M) 4. Homes 5. Neighborhood Development (ND) |
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Who is responsible for LEED project certification and professional credentialing?
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Green Building Certification Institute (GBCI)
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Who is responsible for the development of the LEED rating systems and educating the industry for efforts to help evolve the green building movement and therefore transform the market?
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United States Green Building Council (USGBC)
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True of False? Is LEED project experience required to sit for any of the LEED AP exams?
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True. All LEED AP Specialty exams require LEED project experience
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Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs is called...
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Sustainable Design
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Buildings that are very efficient and use resources wisely, as they take energy, water, and materials into account are called...
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Green Buildings
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What percentage of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emissions are baseline buildings responsible for?
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38%
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What percentages of savings have green buildings achieved?
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Up to 50% energy reduction
40% water use reduction 70% solid waste reduction 13% reduction in maintenance costs |
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What is the Triple Bottom Line?
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The three benefits of green buildings: Environmental, Economic, and Social
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What are the environmental benefits of green buildings?
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They:
Enhance and protect ecosystems and biodiversity Improve air and water quality Reduce solid waste Conserve natural resources |
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According to the Department of Energy's website, what are the two greatest uses of energy in the Unites States?
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1. Space Heating
2. Lighting |
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This Professional is responsible for the design of green building strategies, site planning, and interior spaces...
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Architect
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This Professional is responsible for the design of the mechanical, electrical, and plumbing of a building including thermal impacts...
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MEP Engineer
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This professional is responsible for the selection of trees and plants, shading impacts, and water efficiency for irrigation, along with vegetated roof design...
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Landscape Architect
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This professional is responsible for site design, including stormwater management, open space requirements, and site protection...
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Civil Engineer
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This professional is responsible for the demolition and construction of a facility, including site work...
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Contractor (General Contractor)
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This professional is responsible for maintaining a building and its site during the operations...
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Facility Manager
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This professional is responsible for the commissioning process, including drawing review during design and equipment installation and performance review during construction...
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Commissioning Authority
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This professional is responsible defining the triple bottom line goals and selects the team members for a project...
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Owner
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Inhabitants of a building and therefore should be the main priority when designing for comfort and productivity...
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End User(Occupants)
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Phases of Traditional Project Delivery are...
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1. Predesign/Programming
2. Schematic Design 3. Design Development 4. Construction Documents 5. Agency Permit/Bidding 6. Construction 7. Substantial Completion 8. Final Completion 9. Certificate of Occupancy |
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Phases of Integrated Project Delivery are...
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1. Conceptualization
2. Criteria Design 3. Detailed Design 4. Implementation Documents 5. Agency Coordination/Final Buyout 6. Construction 7. Substantial Completion 8. Final Completion 9. Certificate of Occupancy |
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What project type is it when Construction Documents are sent out at the same time as the drawings are issued for permit review?
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Design-Bid-Build
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What project type is it when the Contractor and Architect work together from the beginning as one entity?
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Design-Build
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Projects utilizing an _______________ bring the entire team together early in the design process, thus allowing the opportunity for everyone to work more collectively, which can actually save time and money.
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Integrated Design Approach
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Construction costs, for example site work and demolition, are categorized as...
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Hard Costs
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Professional service fees, Pre- and Post-construction related expenses, are categorized as...
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Soft Costs
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The purchase price, installation, operation, maintenance, and replacement costs of each technology and strategy proposed to determine the appropriateness of the solution specific to the project is...
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Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
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True or False? Risk is individually managed within an Integrated Projected Delivery approach.
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False
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When working on a green building project, when is the best time to incorporate an integrative design approach?
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Schematic Design
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A nonprofit composed of leaders from every sector of the building industry working to promote buildings and communities that are environmentally responsible, profitable and healthy places to live and work is the...
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U.S. Green Building Council
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"To transform the way buildings and communities are designed, built and operated, enabling an environmentally and socially responsible, healthy, and prosperous environment that improves the quality of life" is the motto of the...
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U.S. Green Building Council
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_______________ provides third-party project certification and professional credentials recognizing excellence in green building performance and practice.
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Green Building Certification Institute
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"To support a high level of competence in building methods for environmental efficiency through the development and administration of a formal program of certification and re-certification" is the motto of...
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Green Building Certification Institute
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Groups that make of the LEED Steering Committee and were created to help the main categories evolve are called...
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Technical Advisory Groups (TAGs)
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_____________ are responsible for answering and responding to credit interpretation requests (CIRs).
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Certification Bodies
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______________ are submitted by the team members of a registered project seeking LEED certification to receive clarification about a single credit or prerequisite within a LEED rating system.
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Credit Interpretation Requests (CIRs)
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True of False. Certification Bodies are responsible for responding to CIRs and administering the appeals process.
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False. Certification bodies only respond to CIRs. GBCI administers the appeals process.
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Who is responsible for quality assurance during the certification and credentialing process?
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GBCI
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What are the 4 types of logos to be aware of?
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1. Organization (USGBC, GBCI)
2. Program (LEED Rating System) 3. People (Accreditation Earned) 4. Project (Certification Level Earned) |
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What must be accompanied by the LEED logo?
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"'LEED' and related logo is a trademark owned by the U.S. Green Building Council and is used by permission."
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The logo use restrictions are...
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It cannot be:
1. Smaller than 20%, larger than 380%, distorted or the largest visual component on the publication 2. An endorsement 3. On sales documents 4. Used to reflect poorly on USGBC or GBCI 5. Altered in color, except for LEED Homes 6. Accompanied by any text wrapping 7. Watermarked or placed behind text |
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True or False? You can add LEED GA after your name once you've become accredited.
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False. It must be LEED Green Associate
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True of False. You can print "This project is LEED Silver Registered" if the project has been registered but not certified, yet.
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False. You cannot print the LEED certification level until it has been certified.
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____________are accredited to ISO standard 17021 and assigned to a project once it is registered.
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Certification Bodies
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LEED for New Construction and Major Renovation (LEED NC) applies to what project types?
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Commercial Office Buildings
Project types such as: High-rise Residential Buildings (4+ Stories), Government Buildings, Institutional Buildings, Hotels Major renovations such as: Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) |
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What percentage of leasable square footage is required is required to fall under LEED NC?
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Minimum of 50%
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The LEED For Schools rating system applies to...
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It applies to new schools and major renovations to existing schools. It was designed for K-12 and can apply to any buildings on campus including administrative buildings, maintenance buildings, and dormitories.
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What rating system applies to prekindergarten and postsecondary buildings?
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The design team must determine whether LEED NC or LEED for Schools is appropriate.
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LEED for Healthcare was developed for...
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It was developed for healthcare projects including in-patient care facilities, licensed outpatient care facilities, and licensed long-term care facilities for example.
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LEED Core & Shell (LEED CS) was developed for ...
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buildings where over 50% on the interior space will be leased. The business types will most often by commercial office buildings, medical office buildings, retail centers, warehouses, and lab facilities.
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LEED for Commercial Interiors (LEED CI) was developed for ...
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... tenants who do not occupy the entire building. This works hand-in-hand with the LEED CS rating systems.
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LEED for Retail was developed for ...
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... two specific situations. LEED for Retail: NC is for freestanding projects and LEED for Retail: CS is for tenants in a building they do not own.
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LEED for Existing Buildings: Operations & Maintenance (LEED EBOM) was developed for ...
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... all commercial, institutional, and residential projects of 4 of more habitable stories.
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In addition to the components of the other rating systems, LEED EBOM encourages designers to ...
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1. Evaluate exterior site maintenance program
2. Evaluate purchasing policies for environmentally preferred services and products 3. Evaluate cleaning programs and policies 4. Evaluate waste stream 5. Evaluate ongoing indoor environmental quality |
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LEED for Homes was developed for ...
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... dwelling units up to 3 stories with a cooking area and a bathroom
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LEED Neighborhood Development was developed for ...
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... elements of smart growth, new urbanism principles, and sustainable buildings. This is for projects including any portions of a neighborhood's design, including commercial or residential buildings, infrastructure, street design, and open space.
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The LEED for Homes rating system is the only rating system that ...
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... addresses sizing a project appropriately using Home Size Adjustment. Points are credited or deducted according to the number of bedrooms and the size of the house.
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The majority of the LEED rating systems have what five main categories?
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1. Sustainable Sites (SS)
2. Water Efficiency (WE) 3. Energy & Atmosphere (EA) 4. Materials & Resources (MR) 5. Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) |
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What are the 2 bonus categories to LEED rating systems?
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1. Innovation in Design, ID (... or Innovation in Operations, IO for LEED EBOM)
2. Regional Priority |
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LEED Homes has the usual 7 main categories, but also ...
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1. Location & Linkages (LL)
2. Awareness & Education (AE) |
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LEED for Neighborhood Development has only these 5 categories ...
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1. Smart Location and Linkages
2. Neighborhood Pattern and Design 3. Green Infrastructure and Buildings 4. Innovation & Design Process 5. Regional Priority |
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True or False: Credits are required and prerequisites are optional.
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False. Credits are optional and prerequisites are required.
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True or False: All categories have prerequisites.
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False. All categories have credits.
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____________ are optional components that earn points.
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Credits
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_____________ are mandatory components that earn no points, but address minimum performance features.
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Prerequisites
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Credit weights are based on ...
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... environmental impacts and health benefits.
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What is the point scale for the four certification levels?
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Certified: 40-49 points
Silver: 50-59 points Gold: 60-79 points Platinum: 80 points or more |
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What is the role of the LEED project administrator?
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- Coordinating all disciplines of the project team
- Registering the project with GBCI - Granting access for each member of the project team to LEED Online |
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What is LEED Online used for?
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It is a web based tool used to manage a project seeking LEED certification and the starting point to registering a project with GBCI.
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What tool is used to process credit interpretation requests and appeals?
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LEED Online
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The "Project Dashboard" gives access to:
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1. The project scorecard
2. Credit interpretation rulings 3. LEED submittal templates 4. Timeline 5. Postcertification |
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Most buildings are certified for the design and construction of a building, but EBOM projects are certified for...
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... a particular performance period.
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Performance period is ...
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... a continuous period of time in which a building or facility's performance is measured.
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True or False: EBOM projects can be submitted for review before the performance period is completed.
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False. They can only be submitted for certification after the performance period is completed.
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Describe the MPR for whole-building energy and water use data.
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All certified projects must commit to sharing with USGBC and/or GBCI all available actual whole-project energy and water usage data for a period of at least five years starting from the date that the LEED project begins typical physical occupancy if certifying under NC, CS, Schools, or Commercial Interiors, of the date that the building in awarded certification if certifying under EBOM.
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What are the MPRs for reasonable site boundaries for LEED for Commercial Interiors projects?
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If any land was or will be disturbed for the purpose of undertaking the LEED project, then that land must be included within the LEED project boundary.
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What are the MPRs for reasonable site boundaries for LEED for New Construction, Core & Shell, Schools, Existing Buildings: O&M?
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1. Boundary must have all contiguous land that is associated with and supports normal building operations.
2. Land in boundary must be owned by the same party that owns the LEED project. 3. For campus projects, 100% of the gross land area on the campus would be included within a LEED boundary if all buildings eventually get certified. 4. A property may be attributed to only a single LEED building. 5. Boundary may not unreasonably exclude land to achieve prerequisites of credits (i.e. gerrymandering) |
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Name the MPRs for permanent buildings or spaces, applicable for all rating systems.
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All LEED projects must be designed for, constructed on, and operated on the permanent location on already existing land. No building or space that is designed to move at any point in its lifetime may pursue LEED certification.
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According to the MPR for permanent buildings or spaces in Existing Building: O+M projects, how many buildings must be included in their entirety?
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LEED EBOM must include at least one existing building.
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According to the MPRs, how many occupants must occupy any New Construction, Core & Shell, Schools, and Commercial Interiors projects?
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The LEED project must serve one or more FTE occupant(s), calculated as an annual average in order to use LEED in its entirety.
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List the the 7 Minimum Program Requirements:
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1. Must Comply with Environmental Laws
2. Must be a Complete, Permanent Building or Space 3. Must Use a Reasonable Site Boundary 4. Must Comply with Minimum Floor Area 5. Must Comply with Minimum Occupancy Rates 6. Commitment to Share Whole-Building Energy and Water Usage Data 7. Must Comply with a Minimum Building Area to Site Area Ratio. |
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List the 3 types of boundaries associated with LEED projects:
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1. Property Boundary Line - Land owned according to a plot plan or legal property deed.
2. LEED Project Boundary Line - Defines the scope for certification. 3. Building Footprint - Amount of land that the building physically occupies. |
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True of False: Sometimes LEED may override local, state, or federal requirements.
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False. LEED will never override local, state, or federal requirements.
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What is a declarant?
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The declarant is the team member assigned to prepare the documentation for a specific credit/prerequisite and responsible for signing the credit submittal template.
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What are the guidelines for referencing LEED in product literature?
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Literature cannot state or imply endorsement by USGBC or the LEED program. Must clearly state that LEED credit requirements do not cover the performance of individual products or brands. Products meet LEED performance criteria can only contribute towards earning points needed for LEED certification; they cannot earn points individually for LEED certification.
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What must be achieved in order for a project to be eligible for certification?
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Complying with all minimum program requirements, achieving all prerequisites, and earning a minimum of 40 points.
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The distance boundary from an existing feature or natural body that a development is required to abide by is referred to as what?
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Setback. Common setbacks include minimum distance from the street and sidewalk, or minimum distance from wetland or body of water.
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What is a zero lot line?
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A development in which the building footprint is the same as the lot boundary. This is common in the urban areas.
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In a construction project, what is the site area?
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The total area within the project boundary of the applicant building including all areas of the property, both constructed and nonconstructed.
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What is the minimum building area to site area ratio required for a LEED project?
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The gross floor area of the LEED project building must be no less than 2% of the gross land area within the LEED project boundary.
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What is an LPE?
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Licensed-professional exemption. Path decided on a submittal template to reduce documentation requirements.
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What are the 6 characteristics or credit interpretation requests?
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1. Issued after a project is registered.
2. Issued for a fee. 3. Credit interpretation ruling issued in response. 4. Submitted for clarification referencing 1 credit or prerequisite. 5. Ruling not final. 6. Submitted via LEED-Online |
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What are the 3 factors certification fees are based on?
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1. Rating system
2. Membership 3. Square footage |
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The Sustainable Sites category is broken down into what 4 factors?
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1. Site Selection
2. Transportation 3. Site Design and Management 4. Stormwater Management |
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Project site selection should be encouraged by previously developed locations to avoid ...
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... sprawling into the suburbs, where undeveloped (greenfield) sites would be disturbed.
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Define floor-to-area ratio.
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Floor-to-area ratio is the proportion of the total floor area of a building to the total land area the building can occupy.
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What are the 3 strategies for getting credits in the Sustainable Site category?
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1. Increase density
2. Redevelopment 3. Protect habitat |
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Increase Density: Focus on Community Connectivity. What is Community Connectivity?
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Proximity of project site to local businesses and community services such as parks, grocery stores, banks, cleaners, pharmacies, and restaurants. LEED requires a connections to at least 10 basic services.
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Increase Density: Focus on Development Density. What is Development Density?
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Development density is the total square footage of all buildings within a particular area, measured in square feet per acre or units per acre.
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SS:Redevelopment: Renovate existing buildings or redevelop sites with existing infrastructure, such as brownfield sites. What are brownfield sites?
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Brownfield Sites are real property, the expansion, redevelopment, or reuse of which may be complicated by the presence of potential presence of hazardous material. Cleaning up and reinvesting in these properties protects the environment.
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What is the ASTM standard for brownfield sites?
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E1903-97.
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SS:Protect Habitat: Preserve wildlife and open space with minimal site disturbance. What are the 6 sensitive sites to avoid?
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1. Prime farmland
2. Floodplains 3. Endangered species habitats 4. Land within 100 ft. of wetlands(Code of Federal Regulations) 5. Land within 50 ft. of a body of water(Clean Water Act) 6. Public parkland |
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What are floodplains?
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Land less than 5 ft. above 100-year floodplain level as defined by Federal Emergency Management Agency(FEMA)
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What qualifies as site disturbance?
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The amount of property affected by construction activity.
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What is prime farmland?
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Greenfield sites with soil appropriate for cultivation and agricultural growth and production as defined by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
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What are the 3 common remediation strategies used to clean up a brownfield site?
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1. Pump-and-treat method
2. Bioreactors, land farming 3. In situ (in place) remediation |
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Transportation accounts for what percentage of the total U.S. greenhouse gas emissions in 2007?
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32%
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Transportation is most impacted by these four factors:
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1. Location
2. Vehicle Technology 3. Fuel 4. Human Behavior |
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The five strategies to help reduce transportation impacts are:
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1. Choose a site adjacent to mass transit.
2. Limit parking capacity. 3. Encourage carpooling. 4. Encourage of provide alternate fuel vehicles. 5. Alternative strategies to incentivize building users/employees. |
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Vehicles that operate without the use of petroleum fuels, including gas-electric vehicle types are called:
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Alternative fuel vehicles.
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What qualifies a vehicle to be called an "alternative fuel vehicle"?
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The American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ACEEE) must give the vehicle a minimum Green Score of 40.
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What metric is the best indicator of transportation impacts associated with the construction of a new building or neighborhood?
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Vehicle Miles Traveled.
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Name 3 alternative methods of transportation that are awarded with LEED points:
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1. Location within a 1/4 mile of stops for 2 or more bus/streetcar lines.
2. Location within a 1/2 mile of a rail station or ferry/tram terminal. 3. Incorporating changing rooms and bicycle storage. |
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What two factors does LEED for Neighborhood Development employ to encourage walking/backing?
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1. Street Grid Density
2. Diversity of Use and Housing Types |
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What is Street Grid Density?
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The number of centerline miles per square mile.
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Explain "Diversity of Use and Housing Types"?
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The variety of building uses and housing types per acre.
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Native vegetation that occurs naturally is called...
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Native Plantings
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Vegetation that is not natural, but adapts to their new surroundings easily are called ...
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Adaptive Plantings
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What two types of vegetation can survive with little to know human interaction or resources?
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Natural Plantings and Adaptive Plantings.
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A sustainable landscaping strategy that uses drought-adaptable and minimal-water plant types along with soil covers, such as composts and mulches, to reduce evaporation.
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Xeriscaping.
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Drinking water supplied by municipalities.
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Potable Water.
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By reducing the amount of this resource that is used for irrigation, it decreases the amount of water used for the site and therefore reduces maintenance costs.
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Potable Water.
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Sustainable sites should address these two components (besides vegetation selection and water use)...
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Impervious Surfaces and Optimizing Lighting Schemes.
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Surfaces that do not allow water to pass through them.
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Imperviousness.
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Impervious surfaces ultimately contribute THIS and therefore decrease the quality of surface water and reduce groundwater recharge,
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Stormwater Runoff.
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Rainwater that leaves a project site flowing along parking lots and roadways, traveling to sewer systems and water bodies.
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Stormwater Runoff.
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If THESE are minimized, light pollution is reduced, dark night skies preserved, and nocturnal animals remain unaffected.
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Footcandle Levels.
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A measurement of light measured in lumens per square foot.
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Footcandle.
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Heat absorption by low-SRI, hardscape materials that contribute to an overall increase in temperature by radiating heat.
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Heat Island Effect.
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Green building projects can reduce the ehat island effect and the overall temperature of an area by implementing materials with a high WHAT?
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Solar Reflectance Index (SRI).
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The SRI scale is measured from WHAT to WHAT?
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0 (Dark, Most Absorptive) to 100 (Light, Most Reflective)
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Solar Reflectance is also referred to as WHAT?
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Albedo.
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The rating for a building's material to reflect sunlight based on visible, infrared, and ultraviolet wavelengths goes from WHAT to WHAT?
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0 to 1.
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The ratio of the radiation emitted by a surface to the radiation emitted by a black body of the same temperature.
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Emissivity.
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The amount of land the building structure occupies not including landscape and hardscape surfaces such as parking lots, driveways, and walkways.
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Building Footprint.
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The 6 site design and management strategies.
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1. Build Small
2. Minimize Hardscape 3. Minimize Water Usage 4. Use Reflective Materials 5. Develop a Sustainable Management Plan 6. Reduce Light Pollution |
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THESE are one of the biggest risks to the quality of surface water and aquatic life.
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Nonpoint Source Pollutants.
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THESE typically contaminate rainwater flowing along impervious surfaces on the journey to sewer systems or water bodies.
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Nonpoint Surface Pollutants.
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Allowing water to percolate or penetrate through THESE allows rainwater to avoid being contaminated by nonpoint surface pollutants.
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Pervious Surfaces.
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These are excavated areas used to detain rainwater from leaving the site and therefore slow runoff.
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Wet/Dry Ponds.
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THESE are engineered basins with vegetation that can be utilized to increase groundwater recharge and reduce peal stormwater runoff.
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Bioswales.
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THESE collect and filter runoff while reducing peak discharge rates.
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Rain Gardens.
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The best opportunity to treat surface water is...
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Before it leaves the site.
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The 3 Stormwater Runoff strategies are:
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1. Minimize Impervious Areas
2. Control Stormwater 3. Harvest Rainwater |
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The U.S. Geological Survey estimates that buildings account for how much of total water use in the U.S.?
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12 percent.
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What are the 3 different types of water use as defined in the Water Efficiency category?
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1. Indoor Water Use.
2. Outdoor Water Use. 3. Process Water. |
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What is the standard for all Water Efficiency prerequisites and credits?
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The Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPact 1992)
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What is the estimation of actual building occupancy in terms of hours occupied per day and used to determine the number of occupants for the building that will use fixtures?
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Full-time Equivalent Occupancy (FTE)
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FTE is calculated by dividing what?
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By dividing the total number of occupant hours spent in the building divided by eight
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What are the 3 types of occupants used to calculate FTE?
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1. Full-time Employees.
2. Part-time Employees. 3. Transient Occupants (Guests, Patrons, etc.) |
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A low-flow water closet uses how much less water than a conventional water closet?
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30 percent.
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Flush fixtures are measured in what?
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Gallons per flush (GPF)
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Flow fixtures are measured in what?
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Gallons per minute (GPM)
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LEED certified projects must demand at least how much less indoor water as compared to conventionally designed buildings?
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20% of less.
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What are the 3 strategies for Indoor Water Use?
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1. Use efficient plumbing fixtures.
2. Use nonpotable water. 3. Install submeters to track consumption and monitor leakage. |
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Wastewater from showers, bathtubs, lavatories, and washing machines that have not come in contacts with toilet waste.
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Graywater.
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Wastewater that has come into contact with urine, food, or fecal matter.
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Blackwater.
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What are the 5 strategies for Outdoor Water Use For Irrigation?
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1. Implement Native and Adaptive Plants.
2. Use Xeriscaping. 3. Specify High-Efficiency Irrigation Systems. 4. Use Non-potable Water For Irrigation. 5. Install Submeters To Track Consumption and Monitor Leakage. |
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Water used for building systems, such as heating and cooling air.
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Process Water.
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These appliances, such as washing machines and dishwashers, are energy efficient and require less process water.
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Energy Star Appliances.
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What are the 3 strategies involving Process Water?
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1. Use efficient equipment and appliances.
2. Use nonpotable water for building systems. 3. Install submeters to track consumption and monitor for leakage. |
