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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the differences between Linux and Windows?
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-Over 90% of computers in the world run Windows
-Windows started as a desktop OS and migrated to servers -Linux started as a server OS and migrated to desktops |
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How do old and new Windows differ?
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Old - one thing for a the user at a time
New - multiple processes for multiple users at the same time |
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What is proprietary mean when it comes to OS?
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Proprietary means that it's "closed source"
-Executable programs for a specific OS and documentation -The most common way to buy software |
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What does having the source code mean to an OS?
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Means that it's "Open Source." The software or OS is governed by the GNU Public license or the BSB license.
-The original source code can be compiled for any OS -Process behind the program is revealed to everyone |
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What are the different variants of UNIX?
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Cygwin for Windows
Mac OS X (BSD) Ubuntu (Debian) Fedora (RedHat) |
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What is Cygwin for Windows?
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Libraries for compiling Linux source
-Some Linux software can run in Windows -You must have access to the source code Cygwin isn't Linux -Some Linux commands and utilities -Not a "Linux emulator" for Windows |
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What else is Cygwin for Windows good for?
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-Allows detailed scripting in Windows
-Get Windows to interact with Linux-specific services -GNU tools in Windows Command line tools X Windows Server |
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What is Mac OS X?
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-OS X holds almost 7% of the operating system market
-Second most popular OS in the world |
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What is the history of MAC OS?
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Before MAC OS X - not considered "high powered"
-MAC OS made for creating digital graphics -Not particularly robust as a workhorse desktop -Not used a server |
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What are some of the security features of MAC OS X?
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-Password assistant - grades strength of a password
-FileVault - home folder encryption with 128-bit AES -OpenSSH - encrypted -Ipfw-based firewall -Most network services disabled by default |
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Who is Linus Torvalds? What did he do?
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-Originally wrote the Linux kernal in the early 1990s
-Released it and the source code to the public and "gave" it to the world via the GNU Project -Other programmers from around the world joined in -Even though he originally wrote it, today Torvalds code represents only about 2% of the kernal |
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Why is Linux important?
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-Everything is a file or a directory
-Bypasses system caches and buffers (performance advantage) -Size is limited -Can mount almost any FS (using a recent kernal) -Would allow you to access multiple FS' simultaneously |
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Why else is Linux important?
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-Built in fragmentation prevention
-Temporarily storing information about the location in memory -Total chaos could result with a sudden power loss -Larger disks also mean you could run out of "inodes" -Ext3 introduced some protection against failures |
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How do "read-only" file systems work in Linux?
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Live CDs e.g.
-Can mount partitions and entire disks as "read only" -May sound like excellent security but... -After a crash Linux may reboot as read only --"mount -o remount,rw /" -Read-only can protect data from users, provided --data is on a separate partition --users don't crack the server and become root -Useful for forensic analysis |
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What is Ubuntu?
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-Based on Debian Linux
-Comes in Desktop and Server editions -Language support: over 40 -Support architectures - amd64, i386, UltraSPARC, PowerPC -APT-based package management -No graphical firewall included |
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What is Fedora?
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-Based on RedHat Linux
-Installer makes user choose: desktop, server or other -25 languages -RPM-based package management using "yum" -Firewall included and enabled by default -Third most popular distro |
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How can Linux be used?
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-Office suites: OpenOffice, KOffice
-Graphic editing: GIMP, F-Spot -Finance: MyBudget, KMyMoney, GnuCash -Gaming: Quake, World of Warcraft, DOOM |
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How are Linux Live CDs used?
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-Allows to "test drive" a distribution
-No hard drive installation required -No hard drive required! -Excellent for forensic work -Troubleshooting |
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What is 64-bit Linux?
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-Allows for a larger instruction set
-Up to 1 Terabyte (1TB) of memory -64-bit requires special kernal, drivers, and apps --can't mix and match --no non open source device drivers |
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What is "init?"
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init is the way processes are started - short for "initialization"
--starts init processes at boot --stops init processes at shut down -Provides layer between kernal and user -Configuration file: /etc/inittab |
