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66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
NAME THREE FACTORS THAT AFFECT GROWTH IN NATURE
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WATER AND SOLUTES
pH TEMPERATURE |
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LITERAL MEANING OF PAIKILOTHERM
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VARIED/IRREGULAR HEAT
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DEFINE POIKILOTHERMS
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MICROBE CELL TEMP VARIES W/ ENVIRONMENTAL TEMP
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WHEN DISCUSSING POIKILOTHERMS,,,WHAT WILL HAPPEN IF TEMP GETS TOO LOW
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RXN'S SLOW DOWN OR STOP,,,THE CELLS CAN'T GROW,,,AND EVENTUALLY THEY'LL DIE
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WHEN DISCUSSING POIKILOTHERMS ,,,WHAT HAPPENS IF TEMP GETS TOO HIGH
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PROTEINS, DNA, DENATURE, PM MAY MELT,,,EVENTUALLY THE CELL DIES
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WHEN WE SAY EACH MICROBE HAS A SET OF CARDINAL TEMPERATURES,,,WHAT DO WE MEAN
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MINIMUM TEMP FOR OPTIMUM GROWTH
OPTIMUM " " MAXIMUM " " |
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LITERAL MEANING OF PSYCCHROPHILES
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"COLD LOVING"
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CARDINAL TEMPERATURE FOR PSCHROPHILES
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0----15-----20 DEGREES C
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LOCATION ( 2) WE CAN FIND PSYCHROPHILES
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SNOWFIELDS AND GLACIERS
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NAME OF THE ALGAE THAT LIVES ON SNOWFIELDS...USUALLY FOUND NEAR LAKES OR STREAMS
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CHLAMYDOMONAS NIVALIS
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HOW DO PSCHROPHILES ADAPT TO THE COLD ENVIRONMENT
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PSYCHROPHILES ADAPT BY INCREASING UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS IN THE PM...PROTECTS FROM FREEZING
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LITERAL MEANING OF PSYCHROTROPHS
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"COLD FED"
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CARDINAL TEMPERATURES FOR PSYCHROTROPHS
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0----20-30------35 DEGREES C
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WHERE CAN WE FIND PSYCHROTROPHS
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IN REFRIGERATOR TUPPERWARE
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LITERAL MEANING OF MESOPHILES
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"MIDDLE LOVING"
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CARDINAL TEMPERATURE OF MESOPHILES
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15-20-----20-40------45 DEGREES C
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LITERAL MEANING OF THERMOPHILES
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"HEAT LOVING"
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CARDINAL TEMPERATURES OF THERMOPHILES
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45----55-65------90 DEGREES C
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WHAT IS THE TEMPERATURE OF THE HUMAN BODY
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37 DEGREES C
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WHAT GROUP CAN WE FIND MOST HUMAN PATHOGENS ( DISEASE CAUSING) IN
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MOST MICROBES ARE MESOPHILES,,,INCLUDING HUMAN PATHOGENS
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(3) LOCATIONS THAT THERMOPHILES GROW
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HOT WATER PIPES, COMPOST PILES, HOT SPRINGS
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NAME OF A NOTABLE SPECIES OF A THERMOPHILE
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THERMUS AQUATICUS AKA TAQ
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THERMUS AQUATICUS IS IMPORTANT IN WHAT RXN
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POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION,,,,PCR
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WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (PCR)
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PCR MAKES MILLIONS OF COPIES OF DNA,,,USED IN CRIME SCENES
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DESCRIBE THE PROCESS OF POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION,,,PCR
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START W/ ONE COPY OF DNA
HEAT DNA TO 95 DEGREES C DNA SEPARATES INTO TWO PIECES REHEAT,,THE 2 COPIES SPLIT NOW WE HAVE 4 COPIES |
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HOW MANY COPIES OF DNA CAN BE MADE WITH POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION OR GENE AMPLIFICATION
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BILLIONS OF COPIES IN A FEW HOURS
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WHY MUST THE ORIGINAL FRAGMENT OF DNA IN PCR BE HEATED
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TO SEPARATE THE TWO STRANDS OF DNA
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LITERAL MEANING OF HYPERTHERMOPHILES
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"ABOVE HEAT LOVING"
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CARDINAL TEMPERATURES OF HYPERTHERMOPHILES
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55----80-110-----120 DEGREES C
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LOCATION WE CAN FIND HYPERTHERMOPHILES
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FOUND IN DEPTHS OF THE OCEAN IN HYDROTHERMAL VENTS
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WHAT IS DR WADES FAVORITE HYPERTHERMOPHILE
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PYROCOCCUS ABYSSI= FIRE ROUND DEPTHS OF THE OCEAN
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HOW DO HYPERTHERMOPHILES ADAPT TO THEIR ENVIRONMENT
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THEY ADAPT BY INCREASING SATURATED FATTY ACIDS IN THE PM
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WHAT HAPPENS WHEN HYPERTHERMOPHILES INCREASE THE SATURATED FATTY ACIDS IN THE PM
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MAKES THE MELTING POIN HIGHER
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LIST (4) ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS THAT AFFECT GROWTH
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WATER/SOLUTES
pH TEMP OXYGEN |
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NAME OF THE MICROBES THAT REQUIRE OXYGEN FOR GROWTH
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AEROBES
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NAME OF THE MICROBES THAT DON'T REQUIRE OXYGEN FOR GROWTH
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ANAEROBES
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DEFINE OBLIGATE AEROBES
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MICROBES WILL EVENTUALLY DIE IN THE ABSENCE OF OXYGEN
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4 EXAMPLES OF OBLIGATE AEROBES
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MOST ALGAE, FUNGI, BACTERIA, AND PROTOZOAS
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DESCRIBE FACULATIVE ANAEROBES
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THEY GROW BEST ( FASTER) IN THE PRESENCE OF OXYGEN, BUT MORE SLOWLY IF OXYGEN IS NOT PRESENT
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(3) EXAMPLES OF FACULATIVE ANAEROBES
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YEASTS, MANY BACTERIA, PROTOZOAS
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E-COLI IS AN EXAMPLE OF WHAT
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FACULATIVE ANAEROBE
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DEFINE AEROTOLERANT ANAEROBES
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MICROBES GROW EQUALLY WELL WITH OR WITHOUT OXYGEN,,THEY IGNORE OXYGEN
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(2) LOCATIONS OF AEROTOLERANT ANAEROBES
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MANY BACTERIA AND PROTOZOAS
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GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF (1) BACTERIA THAT IS AN AEROTOLERANT ANAEROBE
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THE BACTERIA ENTEROCOCCOS FAECALIS
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WHERE CAN ENTEROCOCCOS FAECALIS BE FOUND
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IN THE LG INTESTINE, FECAL MATTER
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DEFINE MICROAEROPHILES
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MICROBES REQUIRE OXYGEN IN REDUCED [ ] 2-10%
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(2) EXAMPLES OF MICROAEROPHILES
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BACTERIA, PROTOZOA
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GIVE 1 SPECIFIC EXAMPLE OF A MICROAEROPHILE,,,WHAT DISEASE DOES IT CAUSE
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H PYLORI---FOUND IN THE STOMACH WHICH CAUSES ULCERS
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DEFINE OBLIGATE ANAEROBES
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MICROBES WILL DIE (EVENTUALLY) IN THE PRESENCE OF OXYGEN
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2 EXAMPLES OF OBLIGATE ANAEROBES
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MANY BACTERIA AND PROTOZOANS
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1 SPECIFIC EXAMPLE OF AN OBLIGATE ANAEROBES
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BACTEROIDES GINGIVALIS
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WHAT ARE THE TWO KINDS OF ANAEROBES THAT CAN LIVE TOGETHER IN A EQUALLY GIVE/TAKE RELATIONSHIP
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OBLIGATE ANAEROBES AND FACULATIVE ANAEROBES
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WHAT OBJECT IS USED IN THE LAB TO TEST OXYGEN REQUIREMENTS
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A NUTRITIONAL DEEP IS USED IN THE LAB TO TEST OXYGEN REQUIREMENTS
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NOTE: A NUTRIENT DEEP HAS A HIGH [ ] AT THE TOP AND A LOW [ ] ON THE BOTTOM
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NOTE
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IF A NUTRIENT DEEP IS INNOCULATED WITH AN OBLIGATE AEROBE,,,WHERE WILL WE SEE GROWTH
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ON THE TOP
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IF WE INNOCULATE A NUTRIENT DEEP WITH A FACULATIVE ANAEROBE WHERE WILL WE SEE GROWTH
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MOSTLY ON THE TOP,,,LESS AS YOU GO DOWN
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IF WE INNOCULATE A NUTRIENT DEEP WITH A AEROTOLERANT ANAEROBE WHERE WILL WE SEE GROWTH
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EVEN DISTRIBUTION
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IF WE INNOCULATE A NUTRIENT DEEP WITH A MICROAEROPHILE WHERE WILL WE SEE GROWTH
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BAND OF GROWTH TOWARDS THE CENTER,,,THAT'S THEIR PREFERRED [ ]
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IF WE INNOCULATE A NUTRIENT DEEP WITH AN OBLIGATE ANAEROBE WHERE WILL WE SEE GROWTH
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AT THE BOTTOM
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NAME OF THE ENZYME NECESSARY FOR MOST CHEMICAL RXNS
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SUBSTRATE BINDING
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WHAT HAPPENS WHEN ATM PRESSURE INCREASES
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THE ENZYME SUBSTRATE BINDING REDUCES AND THE CELL EVENTUALLY DIES
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NAME THE TWO CLASSIFICATIONS OF PRESSURE
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BAROTOLERANT
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NAME THE (2) CLASSIFICATIONS OF PRESSURE
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BAROTOLERANT
BAROPHILES |
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DEFINE BAROTOLERANT
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MICROBES CAN SURVIVE UP TO 400 ATM, BUT GROW SLOWER WITH HIGHER PRESSURE
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WHAT DO BAROPHILES REQUIRE TO SURVIVE
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MICROBES REQUIRE EXTREME PRESSURE TO SURVIVE
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NAME (2) LOCATIONS THAT WE CAN FIND BAROPHILES
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MICROBES IN HYDROTHERMAL VENTS, AND IN THE GUTS OF DEEP SEA TUBEWORMS
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